An Overview of Genetic Information of Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis

( Faezeh Hamidieh ),( Parissa Farnia ),( Jamileh Nowroozi ),( Poopak Farnia ),( Ali Akbar Velayati ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2021 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.84 No.1

Mycobacterium tuberculosis has infected more than two billion individuals worldwide, of whom 5%-10% have clinically active disease and 90%-95% remain in the latent stage with a reservoir of viable bacteria in the macrophages for extended periods of time. The tubercle bacilli at this stage are usually called dormant, non-viable, and/or non-culturable microorganisms. The patients with latent bacilli will not have clinical pictures and are not infectious. The infections in about 2%-23% of the patients with latent status become reactivated for various reasons such as cancer, human immunodeficiency virus infection, diabetes, and/or aging. Many studies have examined the mechanisms involved in the latent state of Mycobacterium and showed that latency modified the expression of many genes. Therefore, several mechanisms will change in this bacterium. Hence, this study aimed to briefly examine the genes involved in the latent state as well as the changes that are caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . The study also evaluated the relationship between the functions of these genes.

Satisfaction of Patients and Physicians with Telehealth Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Lida Fadaizadeh,Farnia Velayati,Morteza Arab-Zozani 대한의료정보학회 2024 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.30 No.3

Objectives: The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) posed significant challenges to healthcare systems, prompting the widespread adoption of telehealth to provide medical services while minimizing the risk of virus transmission. This study aimed to assess the satisfaction rates of both patients and physicians with telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Searches were conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases from January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2023. We included studies that utilized telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic and reported satisfaction data for both patients and physicians. Data extraction was performed using a form designed by the researchers. A meta-analysis was carried out using random-effects models with the OpenMeta-Analyst software. A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the type of telehealth services used: telephone, video, and a combination of both. Results: From an initial pool of 1,454 articles, 62 met the inclusion criteria for this study. The most commonly used methods were video and telephone calls. The overall satisfaction rate with telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic was 81%. Satisfaction rates were higher among patients at 83%, compared to 74% among physicians. Specifically, telephone consultations had a satisfaction rate of 77%, video consultations 86%, and a mix of both methods yielded a 77% satisfaction rate. Conclusions: Overall, satisfaction with telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic was considered satisfactory, with both patients and physicians reporting high levels of satisfaction. Telehealth has proven to be an effective alternative for delivering healthcare services during pandemics.

Preparation and Characterization of Magnetic Chitosan/Cu-Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposite for the One-Pot Three-Component (A3) Coupling of Aldehydes, Amines and Alkynes

Nikkhoo, Mohammad,Amini, Mojtaba,Farnia, S. Morteza F.,Mahdavinia, Gholam Reza,Gautam, Sanjeev,Chae, Keun Hwa Springer-Verlag 2018 Journal of inorganic and organometallic polymers a Vol.28 No.5

Prediction of Diabetes Using Data Mining and Machine Learning Algorithms: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hassan Shojaee-Mend,Farnia Velayati,Batool Tayefi,Ebrahim Babaee 대한의료정보학회 2024 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.30 No.1

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a model to predict fasting blood glucose status using machine learning and datamining, since the early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes can improve outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This crosssectionalstudy analyzed data from 3376 adults over 30 years old at 16 comprehensive health service centers in Tehran, Iranwho participated in a diabetes screening program. The dataset was balanced using random sampling and the synthetic minorityover-sampling technique (SMOTE). The dataset was split into training set (80%) and test set (20%). Shapley valueswere calculated to select the most important features. Noise analysis was performed by adding Gaussian noise to the numericalfeatures to evaluate the robustness of feature importance. Five different machine learning algorithms, including CatBoost,random forest, XGBoost, logistic regression, and an artificial neural network, were used to model the dataset. Accuracy,sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, the F1-score, and the area under the curve were used to evaluate the model. Results: Age,waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure were the most important factors for predicting fasting bloodglucose status. Though the models achieved similar predictive ability, the CatBoost model performed slightly better overallwith 0.737 area under the curve (AUC). Conclusions: A gradient boosted decision tree model accurately identified the mostimportant risk factors related to diabetes. Age, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure were the mostimportant risk factors for diabetes, respectively. This model can support planning for diabetes management and prevention.

Comparison of Vitex agnus-castus Extracts with Placebo in Reducing Menopausal Symptoms: A Randomized Double-Blind Study

Rozita Naseri,Vahid Farnia,Katayoun Yazdchi,Mostafa Alikhani,Behrad Basanj,Safora Salemi 대한가정의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.40 No.6

Background: Menopausal symptoms have remarkable negative effects on women’s quality of life, justifying the need to assess various therapeutic options. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of Vitex agnus-castus extracts in alleviating menopausal symptoms in comparison with that of placebo. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial with a study group of 52 women referred to a clinic in Kermanshah in 2017. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: Vitex group (26 subjects) and placebo group (26 subjects). Menopausal symptoms were assessed using the Greene Scale before and 8 weeks after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, the mean scores for total menopausal disorder, anxiety, and vasomotor dysfunction were significantly lower in the Vitex group than in the placebo group (P<0.05). The mean scores of the variables of somatic complications, depression, and sexual dysfunction did not show significant differences between the Vitex and placebo groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Administration of Vitex agnus-castus extracts as a phytoestrogenic medicine can alleviate menopausal symptoms in women.

Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Life Expectancy of Female Cancer Patients at Tehran's Dehshpour Institute in 2015

Ghasemi, Farahnaz,Dehghan, Fateme,Farnia, Vahid,Tatari, Faeze,Alikhani, Mostafa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.8

Background: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) increases the psychological flexibility of people afflicted with cancer, and consequently improves their adaptability. The present research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of ACT for people afflicted with cancer. Materials and Methods: The present research was of semi-pilot type with a pre-test and post-test plan for the proof group. The demographics of the community were composed of all the women with cancer who were under treatment in Tehran's Dehshpour therapeutic center in 2015. The sample was composed of 24 people who were selected as available and chosen randomly in two groups of test and proof. All the participants responded to Snyder questionnaire in two pre-test and post-test stages, and the test group participated in treatment sessions after conducting the pre-test. Results: After collecting the information, data analysis was conducted in two description and inferential levels. The test results of covariance analysis showed that the two groups' hope was meaningfully different. Hope in the test group, compared to the proof group, increased meaningfully. Conclusions: The results show that the ACT is effective in increasing hope of patients with cancer.

Microstructural, hardening, and wear characteristics of surface re-melted AISI 410S stainless steel via fiber laser process

Behdad Nayebi,Hamidreza Najafi,Amirreza Farnia 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.10

AISI 410S ferritic stainless steel was surface melted via a continuous fiber laser at different scan rates. The microstructural characteristics, thickness, hardness, and tribological behavior of the laser melted (LSMed) surface were studied after different scan rates. The hardened layer thickness was inversely related to the scan rate. The thickness reduced from 146 μm at the scan rate of 15 mm.s -1 to 110 μm at the scan rate of 24 mm.s -1 . The microstructural studies revealed that the microstructure of the hardened layers mostly consisted of martensite. At the lowest scan rate, the martensite was in two forms of fine and coarse packets. The surface hardness enhanced with decreasing the scan rate. The maximum average hardness (330 HV) was obtained from the scan speed of 15 mm.s -1 . However, the most surface hardness scattering was observed in the sample treated by the lowest scan speed. The sample treated using the moderate scan rate (20 mm.s -1 ) demonstrated superior wear resistance due to its lowest coefficient of friction (COF) and weight loss. The reason for this behavior could be related to the appropriate melted thickness. Microstructural studies revealed that abrasive wear and adhesive wear were the dominant mechanisms in the worn surfaces.

Attachment Style and Resiliency in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Ali Zakiei,Mostafa Alikhani,Vahid Farnia,Zinab Khkian,Jalal Shakeri,Sanobar Golshani 대한가정의학회 2017 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.38 No.1

Background: The goal of the present study was to determine the relationships between attachment styles and resil-iency in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.Methods: A random sample of 260 subjects was obtained from the population of undergraduate students of the Nour Branch of Islamic Azad University, which is located in Mazandaran, and these subjects were enrolled in this descriptive and correlational study. The collected data included the subjects’ responses to an adult attachment style questionnaire, resilience scale, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder questionnaire. The data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient indices and multiple regressions.Results: The results of the data analysis showed a positive correlation (relationship) between ambivalent/avoidant attachment styles and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and a negative correlation between resilience and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Furthermore, these results demonstrated that attachment style and resiliency can predict obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. In addition, no significant relationships were found between the demographic variables (convertibles) and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.Conclusion: These results suggested that attachment style and resiliency contribute to the development of obses-sive-compulsive personality disorder.

Polyoxomolybdate-stabilized Cu₂O nanoparticles as an efficient catalyst for the azide–alkyne cycloaddition

Amini, Mojtaba,Naslhajian, Hadi,F. Farnia, S. Morteza,Kyoung Kang, Hee,Gautam, Sanjeev,Chae, Keun Hwa The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.40 No.6

<P>We report a simple methodology for the stabilization of Cu2O nanoparticles of size 10-30 nm on the polar pore surface of the polyoxomolybdate (NH4)(12)[Mo-36(NO)(4)O-108(H2O)(16)] ({Mo-36}). For the first time, a Cu2O@{Mo-36} composite has been utilized as a recyclable catalyst for the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of terminal alkynes, aryl/alkyl halides and NaN3 for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles.</P>

Studying the Amount of Depression and its Role in Predicting the Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer

Shakeri, Jalal,Golshani, Sanobar,Jalilian, Elham,Farnia, Vahid,Nooripour, Roghieh,Alikhani, Mostafa,Yaghoobi, Kianoosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.2

Background: Depression is the most common psychological reactions in women with breast cancer. This study aimed at investigating the amount of depression and its role in predicting the quality of life of women suffering from breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study in volved a correlation method with 98 women living in Kermanshah-Iran with breast cancer. According to the access to the patients and the condition of conducting the research, they were chosen by available sampling. Life quality inventory (World Health Organization, 1989) and depression inventory (Beck et al., 2000) were used to gather the data. Moreover, to analyze the relationships among the variables correlation analysis with Pearson method, as well as multiple regression with the enter method and frequency analysis were applied. Results: The findings revealed that not only is depression high, but also there is a negative significant relationship between depression and the quality of life, with predictive potential. Conclusions: The finding of a relationship between depression and the quality of life points to the need for addressing psychological problems of the affected individuals more appropriately. It is suggested that we consider psychological and educational services for patients in treatment planning to make people aware of different psychological aspects of their disease and ways of struggling and overcoming the problems.