Layer-Recurrent Network in Identifying a Nonlinear System

Farah Hani Nordin,Farrukh Hafiz Nagi 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

Layer-Recurrent Network (LRN) is a dynamic neural network and is seen as a promising black box model in identifying a nonlinear system injected with nonlinear input signal. In this paper, LRN will be used to identify a nonlinear, state space 3-axis satellite model. Open loop identification is applied and methodology on nonlinear system identification is presented where the best pair of input and output data is first measured. Using the simulated data, six LRN models are used to identify the satellite dynamics. It is shown that only 200 epochs are needed to train a network to converge to a reasonable mean squared value (mse). LRN output is then compared with the state space model where it shows that LRN model is capable to produce similar results as the state space satellite model without knowing the system’ state and prior knowledge of the system

The Role of Titanium Particles and Ions in the Pathogenesis of Peri-Implantitis

Farah Asa'ad,Peter Thomsen,Marcel F. Kunrath 대한골대사학회 2022 대한골대사학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Titanium (Ti) particles and ions have been investigated in recent years as important fac- tors in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. However, their role in the pathogenesis is yet to be fully understood. A review of pertinent literature was performed in various da- tabases to determine the current position of Ti particles and ions role in the pathogene- sis of peri-implantitis. There are several in vitro, preclinical and clinical published studies that have addressed the role of Ti particles and ions in the pathogenesis of peri-implan- titis. These studies explored the effect of Ti particles and ions in the pathogenesis of peri- implantitis with respect to foreign body reaction, cellular response, epigenetic mecha- nisms, namely DNA methylation, and the oral microbiome. Studies have shown that the release of Ti particles/ions during implant insertion, early healing stages, late healing stages, and treatments during peri-implantitis might contribute to peri-implantitis through different mechanisms, such as foreign body reaction, cellular response, DNA methyla- tion, and shaping the oral microbiome by increasing dysbiosis. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the complex interactions between all these mechanisms and Ti particles/ions in the pathogenesis and progression of peri-implantitis.

An ANFIS-based Optimized Fuzzy-multilayer Decision Approach for a Mobile Robotic System in Ever-changing Environment

Farah Kamil,Tang Sai Hong,Weria Khaksar,Norzima Zulkifli,Siti Azfanizam Ahmad 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.1

In robotics, resolution of several difficult issues requires process intelligence. In many applications, theenvironment of a robot changes with time in a manner that has not been foreseen by its designer. Additionally,information on the environment is commonly inaccurate and incomplete, which is attributed to the restricted sensoryactivity of sensors. A new online sensor-based motion planning algorithm, which employs a fuzzy multilayerdecision controller, is proposed in this study to enhance the quality of the next position in terms of safety andoptimality. Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) utilizes the prediction and priority rules of multilayer approach for an effectiveand intelligent proposed method. Moreover, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is designed,which constructs and optimizes an FLC using a given dataset of input/output variables. The ANFIS shortens thehigh runtime of fuzzy system, optimizes the parameters of the membership functions of inputs and outputs of thefuzzy-multilayer decision controller, and rearranges the rules to enhance the efficiency of the overall approach. The simulation and comparison results indicate the superiority of the proposed path planning algorithm from otherwell-known algorithms.

Effect of cooling water temperature on the temperature changes in pulp chamber and at handpiece head during high-speed tooth preparation

Farah, Ra'fat I. The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2019 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.44 No.1

Objectives: It was the aim of this study to evaluate the effect of cooling water temperature on the temperature changes in the pulp chamber and at the handpiece head during high-speed tooth preparation using an electric handpiece. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight intact human molars received a standardized occlusal preparation for 60 seconds using a diamond bur in an electric handpiece, and one of four treatments were applied that varied in the temperature of cooling water applied (control, with no cooling water, $10^{\circ}C$, $23^{\circ}C$, and $35^{\circ}C$). The temperature changes in the pulp chamber and at the handpiece head were recorded using K-type thermocouples connected to a digital thermometer. Results: The average temperature changes within the pulp chamber and at the handpiece head during preparation increased substantially when no cooling water was applied ($6.8^{\circ}C$ and $11.0^{\circ}C$, respectively), but decreased significantly when cooling water was added. The most substantial drop in temperature occurred with $10^{\circ}C$ water ($-16.3^{\circ}C$ and $-10.2^{\circ}C$), but reductions were also seen at $23^{\circ}C$ ($-8.6^{\circ}C$ and $-4.9^{\circ}C$). With $35^{\circ}C$ cooling water, temperatures increased slightly, but still remained lower than the no cooling water group ($1.6^{\circ}C$ and $6.7^{\circ}C$). Conclusions: The temperature changes in the pulp chamber and at the handpiece head were above harmful thresholds when tooth preparation was performed without cooling water. However, cooling water of all temperatures prevented harmful critical temperature changes even though water at $35^{\circ}C$ raised temperatures slightly above baseline.

Impact of Economic Determinants on the Scale Effect of Cross Border Merger and Acquisition: A Comparison between Developed and Emerging Economies

Farah NAZ,Abdul Qayyum KHAN,Muhammad Yar KHAN 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.5

The main reason for the increase in cross-border mergers and acquisitions in developed and emerging countries is globalization and growing economic interdependence across countries. The state of the economy has a significant impact on whether cross-border mergers and acquisitions are encouraged or discouraged by international strategic capital market changes. This study empirically evaluates the influence of determinants of economic development on the scale effect of Cross Border M&As separately on emerging and developed nations as a research gap. We first separated the small and large scale firms based on companies’ worth and used panel regression to analyze the impact of GDP, employment rate, and market capitalization on cross-border merger & acquisition deals over the period of 2008-2018. Results indicate that GDP and market capitalization have a positive effect on CBM&A, whereas employment rate has a negative effect on CBM&A deals in large-scale firms of both emerging and developed countries. This study results offer the implication for the potential investors and policymakers to strategically analyze the implementation of cross-border mergers & acquisitions.

Iterative Learning Control for Strictly Unknown Nonlinear Systems Subject to External Disturbances

Farah Bouakrif 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2011 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.9 No.4

This paper deals with Iterative Learning Control ILC schemes to solve the trajectory tracking problem of strictly unknown nonlinear systems subject to external disturbances, and performing repetitive tasks. Two ILC laws are presented, the first law is the high order, i.e., the information (error) of several iterations are used in the control law. The second law is the ILC with forgetting factor, i.e., the control of the preceding iteration is multiplied by a matrix of the gains. Indeed, the advantage of these algorithms, it is not only applicable for nonlinear systems with model uncertainty, but also for nonlinear systems with no data exists, neither in the structure model nor in the system parameters. In addition, the control design is very simple in the sense that there is no requirement on the choice of the learning gains. Furthermore, the convergence of our algorithms is independent of initial conditions. The asymptotic stability of the closed loop system is guaranteed. This proof is based upon the use of a Lyapunov-like positive definite sequence, which is shown to be monotonically decreasing under the proposed control schemes. Finally, simulation results on nonlinear system are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.

New antimicrobial flavonoids and chalcone from Colutea armata

Farah Inamullah,Itrat Fatima,Sadia Khan,Mehdi Hassan Kazmi,Abdul Malik,Rasool Bakhsh Tareen,Tanveer Abbas 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.8

Colucins A (1) and B (2), new flavonoids andcolucone (3), the new chalcone derivative, have been isolatedfrom the CHCl3-soluble fraction of the whole plant ofColutea armata along with luteolin (4), luteolin 7-O-b-Dglucoside(5), isoliquiritigenin (6), trans-caffeic acid (7)and stigmasterol (8) reported for the first time from thisspecies. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopictechniques including MS and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant antimicrobialactivity against two Gram positive and three Gram negativebacterial strains while 3 was moderately active.

Virulence Factors of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in an Iranian Referral Children’s Hospital

Farah Sabouni,Shima Mahmoudi,Abbas Bahador,Babak Pourakbari,Reihaneh Hosseinpour Sadeghi,Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani,Bahram Nikmanesh,Setareh Mamishi 질병관리본부 2014 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.5 No.2

Objectives: The clinical importance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is attributed to notable virulence factors, surface proteins, toxins, and enzymes as well as the rapid development of drug resistance. The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of virulence factors produced by S. aureus strains isolated from children in an Iranian referral children’s hospital. Methods: The presence of genes encoding for the enterotoxins A (sea), B (seb), C (sec), D (sed ), TSST-1 (tsst), exfoliative toxin A (eta), and exfoliative toxin B (etb) were detected by Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. In addition, the standardized Kirby-Bauer disc-diffusion method was performed on Mueller-Hinton agar. Results: In total, 133 S. aureus isolates were obtained from different patients. Of these S. aureus isolates, 64 (48%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and all of these tested positive for the mecA gene. Regarding the classical enterotoxin genes, sea gene (40.6%) was the most prevalent followed by seb (19.6%), tsst (12.8%), eta (11.3%), etb (9%), sed (4.5%), and sec (3%). Among methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates, seb and tsst were the more prevalent toxins in comparison with MRSA isolates (p < 0.05), while the frequency of sea, sed, eta, and etb genes were higher among MRSA isolates (p > 0.05). Conclusion: In our study enterotoxin A was produced by 40.6% of the isolates (48% from MRSA and 33% from MSSA isolates) which was higher than in previous reports. According to our results, strict hygiene and preventative measures during food processing are highly recommended.

Tracing the Impacts of Mining among Women in Philippine Rural Communities

Farah Y. SEVILLA 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2015 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2015 No.1

In the Philippines, large-scale mining impacts on women vary— from the violation of her rights to the different ways in which mining impacts her surroundings. As Tauli-Corpus (1997) put it, while mining has impacts on communities in general, there are disproportionate impacts on women in comparison to men. Furthermore, given the gendered impacts of such aggressive development sideby-side with gender inequality, the woman in question responds differently. However, her struggle against mining is an issue that is often sidelined. This paper aims to explore ways in which mining impacts women in mining-affected communities, specifically, there is a focus on Nueva Vizcaya (Northern Luzon) in terms of how they face this challenge. Essentially, this paper is a careful presentation of how the impacts of mining on society in general differ with women members of the community. There is also the recognition of the role of women as important actors in the struggle for rights, against the impacts of mining on the land, the environment and communities.

Caudate lobe abscess: Challenging site with less invasive option of treatment: A case series

Farah Najla SUPANDI,Balraj SINGH,Rizal ROSLAN,Izazul HUSIN,Tiong See LEE 한국간담췌외과학회 2021 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.25 No.-