Biomarkers for Evaluation of Prostate Cancer Prognosis

Esfahani, Maryam,Ataei, Negar,Panjehpour, Mojtaba Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.7

Prostate cancer, with a lifetime prevalence of one in six men, is the second cause of malignancy-related death and the most prevalent cancer in men in many countries. Nowadays, prostate cancer diagnosis is often based on the use of biomarkers, especially prostate-specific antigen (PSA) which can result in enhanced detection at earlier stage and decreasing in the number of metastatic patients. However, because of the low specificity of PSA, unnecessary biopsies and mistaken diagnoses frequently occur. Prostate cancer has various features so prognosis following diagnosis is greatly variable. There is a requirement for new prognostic biomarkers, particularly to differentiate between inactive and aggressive forms of disease, to improve clinical management of prostate cancer. Research continues into finding additional markers that may allow this goal to be attained. We here selected a group of candidate biomarkers including PSA, PSA velocity, percentage free PSA, $TGF{\beta}1$, AMACR, chromogranin A, IL-6, IGFBPs, PSCA, biomarkers related to cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, PTEN, androgen receptor, cellular adhesion and angiogenesis, and also prognostic biomarkers with Genomic tests for discussion. This provides an outline of biomarkers that are presently of prognostic interest in prostate cancer investigation.

The Effects of Resveratrol on Silica-Induced Lung Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat

Esfahani Maryam,Rahbar Amir Hossein,Asl Sara Soleimani,Bashirian Saed,Mir Moeini Effat Sadat,Mehri Fereshteh 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.1

Background: Chronic exposure to silica is related with the provocation of an inflammatory response and oxidative stress mechanism. Vitamin D has multiple benefits in biological activities particularly respiratory system disease. Method: In this research, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (5 rats /group) as follow:Group1 received saline as (negative control) group. The group 2 received a single IT instillation of silica (positive control) group; the group 3was co-administratedwith single ITsilica and Vitamin D (20mg/kg/day) daily for a period of 90 days. The rats of group 4 received Vitamin D daily for a period of 90 days. Results: Silica significantly increased serum and lung total Oxidant Status (TOS). Meanwhile, silica reduced serum and lung total antioxidant capacity (TAC), GSH and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a). Vitamin D treatment meaningfully reversed oxidative stress, antioxidants status and inflammatory response. Also, Vitamin D improved histopathological changes caused by silica. Conclusion: These findings indicate that Vitamin D exerts protective effects against silica-induced lung injury. It seems that Vitamin D has potential use as a therapeutic object for silica induced lung injure.

Buckling analysis of concrete plates reinforced by piezoelectric nanoparticles

Reza Taherifar,Maryam Mahmoudi,Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani,Neda Ashrafi Khuzani,Shabnam Nasr Esfahani,Farhad Chinaei 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2019 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.23 No.4

In this paper, buckling analyses of composite concrete plate reinforced by piezoelectric nanoparticles is studied. The Halphin-Tsai model is used for obtaining the effective material properties of nano composite concrete plate. The nano composite concrete plate is modeled by Third order shear deformation theory (TSDT). The elastic medium is simulated by Winkler model. Employing nonlinear strains-displacements, stress-strain, the energy equations of concrete plate are obtained and using Hamilton's principal, the governing equations are derived. The governing equations are solved based on Navier method. The effect of piezoelectric nanoparticles volume percent, geometrical parameters of concrete plate and elastic foundation on the buckling load are investigated. Results showed that with increasing Piezoelectric nanoparticles volume percent, the buckling load increases.

Ontology for Symptomatic Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

Misagh Zahiri Esfahani,Maryam Ahmadi,Iman Adibi 대한의료정보학회 2022 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.28 No.4

Objectives: Symptomatic treatment is an essential component in the overall treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, knowledge in this regard is confusing and scattered. Physicians also have challenges in choosing symptomatic treatment based on the patient’s condition. To share, update, and reuse this knowledge, the aim of this study was to provide an ontology for MS symptomatic treatment. Methods: The Symptomatic Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis Ontology (STMSO) was developed according to Ontology Development 101 and a guideline for developing good ontologies in the biomedical domain. We obtained knowledge and rules through a systematic review and entered this knowledge in the form of classes and subclasses in the ontology. We then mapped the ontology using the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) and Ontology for General Medical Sciences (OGMS) as reference ontologies. The ontology was built using Protégé Editor in the Web Ontology Language format. Finally, an evaluation was done by experts using criterion-based approaches in terms of accuracy, clarity, consistency, and completeness. Results: The knowledge extraction phase identified 110 articles related to the ontology in the form of 626 classes, 40 object properties, and 139 rules. Five general classes included “patient,” “symptoms,” “pharmacological treatment,” “treatment plan,” and “measurement index.” The evaluation in terms of standards for biomedical ontology showed that STMSO was accurate, clear, consistent, and complete. Conclusions: STMSO is the first comprehensive semantic representation of the symptomatic treatment of MS and provides a major step toward the development of intelligent clinical decision support systems for symptomatic MS treatment.

Increased Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Combined Effects of Homologous Recombination Repair Gene Polymorphisms in an Iranian Population

Fayaz, Shima,Karimmirza, Maryam,Tanhaei, Shokoofeh,Fathi, Mozhde,Torbati, Peyman Mohammadi,Fard-Esfahani, Pezhman Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Homologous recombination (HR) repair has a crucial role to play in the prevention of chromosomal instability, and it is clear that defects in some HR repair genes are associated with many cancers. To evaluate the potential effect of some HR repair gene polymorphisms with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), we assessed Rad51 (135G>C), Rad52 (2259C>T), XRCC2 (R188H) and XRCC3 (T241M) polymorphisms in Iranian DTC patients and cancer-free controls. In addition, haplotype analysis and gene combination assessment were carried out. Genotyping of Rad51 (135G>C), Rad52 (2259C>T) and XRCC3 (T241M) polymorphisms was determined by PCR-RFLP and PCR-HRM analysis was carried out to evaluate XRCC2 (R188H). Separately, Rad51, Rad52 and XRCC2 polymorphisms were not shown to be more significant in patients when compared to controls in crude, sex-adjusted and age-adjusted form. However, results indicated a significant difference in XRCC3 genotypes for patients when compared to controls (p value: 0.035). The GCTG haplotype demonstrated a significant difference (p value: 0.047). When compared to the wild type, the combined variant form of Rad52/XRCC2/XRCC3 revealed an elevated risk of DTC (p value: 0.007). It is recommended that Rad52 2259C>T, XRCC2 R188H and XRCC3 T241M polymorphisms should be simultaneously considered as contributing to a polygenic risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Vibration response of smart concrete plate based on numerical methods

Reza Taherifar,Farhad Chinaei,Shahram Ghaedi Faramoushjan,Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani,Shabnam Nasr Esfahani,Maryam Mahmoudi 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.23 No.4

This research deals with the vibration analysis of embedded smart concrete plate reinforced by zinc oxide (ZnO). The effective material properties of structure are considered based on mixture rule. The elastic medium is simulated by orthotropic visco-Pasternak medium. The motion equations are derived applying Sinusoidal shear deformation theory (SSDT). The differential quadrature (DQ) method is applied for calculating frequency of structure. The effects of different parameters such as volume percent of ZnO, boundary conditions and geometrical parameters on the frequency of system are shown. The results are compared with other published works in the literature. Results indicate that the ZnO have an important role in frequency of structure.