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Hassan, H.M.A.,Mohamed, M.A.,Youssef, Amani W.,Hassan, Eman R. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.10
A grower broiler experiment (from 14 to 35 days of age) was conducted to study the effect of using two commercial mixtures of organic acids (Galliacid$^{(R)}$ and Biacid$^{(R)}$) to substitute antibiotic growth promoter (Eneramycin$^{(R)}$) on performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal microflora. 400 (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used. A basal corn-soybean meal diet were formulated and served as a control treatment. The control diet was supplemented with either 0.06% Galliacid, 0.1% Biacid or 0.02% Eneramycin. Birds fed the Galliacid-supplemented diet had 16% (p<0.001) more gain than the control, while those fed the Biacid- or Enramycinsupplemented diets recorded 3 and 5.5% more gain, respectively. Organic acids mixtures and Enramycin supplementation significantly (p<0.001) improved feed conversion ratio. These results indicated that birds fed either organic acid mixtures or Enramycinsupplemented diets utilized feed more efficiently than those fed the control diet. Galliacid significantly (p<0.01) increased dressing percentage and bursa weight (% body weight). No significant differences were detected on liver, spleen and thymus (% body weight) among treatments. Galliacid or Biacid significantly (p<0.001) decreased intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella compared to the control and Enramycin-supplemented diets. Dietary Enramycin significantly (p<0.001) decreased Escherichia coli, but had no effect on Salmonella counts. In conclusion, organic acid mixtures are more efficient than antibiotic growth promoter (Enramycin) in improving broiler performance and decreasing intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., and could be successfully used to substitute antibiotic growth promoters in broiler diets. However, not all of the organic acid mixtures gave the same effect either on performance or intestinal bacterial counts.
Synthesis of Certain 6-(Arylthio)uracils and Related Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Agents
El-Emam, Ali A.,Massoud, Mohamed A.M.,El-Bendary, Eman R.,El-Sayed, Magda A. Korean Chemical Society 2004 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.25 No.7
New series of 6-(arylthio)uracils, 6-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)uracils, 2,4,5-trioxo-1H,3H-benzothiopyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine and 5-aryl-2,4-dioxo-1H,3H-pyrimido[5,4-f]benzo[1,4]thiazepines have been prepared and screened for their in vitro activity against herpes simplex-1 virus (HSV-1) and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). The in vitro cytotoxic activity was also evaluated. The results of biological testing revealed that compound 5b showed marginal activity against HSV-1, while compounds 5b and 5f exhibited marginal activity against HIV-1. The rest of the tested compounds were found devoid of antiviral activity against both HSV-1 and HIV-1.
Citric Acid Effects on Brain and Liver Oxidative Stress in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated Mice
Omar M.E. Abdel-Salam,Eman R. Youness,Nadia A. Mohammed,Safaa M. Youssef Morsy,Enayat A. Omara,Amany A. Sleem 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.5
Citric acid is a weak organic acid found in the greatest amounts in citrus fruits. This study examined the effect of citric acid on endotoxin-induced oxidative stress of the brain and liver. Mice were challenged with a single intraperitoneal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 200 lg/kg). Citric acid was given orally at 1, 2, or 4 g/kg at time of endotoxin injection and mice were euthanized 4 h later. LPS induced oxidative stress in the brain and liver tissue, resulting in marked increase in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]) and nitrite, while significantly decreasing reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) showed a pronounced increase in brain tissue after endotoxin injection. The administration of citric acid (1–2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-a, GPx, and PON1 activity. In the liver, nitrite was decreased by 1 g/kg citric acid. GPx activity was increased, while PON1 activity was decreased by citric acid. The LPS-induced liver injury, DNA fragmentation, serum transaminase elevations, caspase-3, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were attenuated by 1–2 g/kg citric acid. DNA fragmentation, however, increased after 4 g/kg citric acid. Thus in this model of systemic inflammation, citric acid (1–2 g/kg) decreased brain lipid peroxidation and inflammation, liver damage, and DNA fragmentation.
Ahmed E. Abdel-Mobdy,Marwa S. Khattab,Ebtesam A. Mahmoud,Eman R. Mohamed,Emam A. Abdel-Rahim 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.1
Lifestyle and diet preferences are primarilyresponsible for developing type 2 diabetes. In this study,okara was manufactured into okara whey crackers (OWC)to investigate its dietary role in controlling diabetes instreptozotocin-diabetic rats with and without a high-fatdiet. Forty-eight rats were divided into eight groups. G1–G4 were nondiabetic and fed a basal diet, a basal diet with30% crackers, high fat diet, and a high-fat diet with 30%crackers, respectively. G5–G8 were diabetic groups thatreceived similar diets as previous groups. Blood glucose,liver function, lipid pattern, pancreas and liverhistopathology, and insulin immunohistochemistry wereperformed. OWC improved measured parameters andhistopathology of the liver and pancreas in diabetic rats. The area % of positive insulin cells was increased in G6(5.20%) and G8 rats (2.83%) fed OWC compared to diabeticrats (1.17%). In conclusion, the use of 30% OWC in asemi-modified diet has controlled the hyperglycemia andhyperlipidemia associated with diabetes.