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Ebara, Fumio,Fujihara, Noboru Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.11
In chicken, exogenous genes introduced into germinal crescent region (GCR) of the early developmental stage, where primordial germ cells (PGCs) were concentrated, were successfully transferred to the gonads via PGCs. The foreign genes were also confirmed to be successfully incorporated into F1 and F2 generations. We tried to incorporate the exogenous genes into PGCs by lipofection, then the DNA mixture was injected into GCR at stage 3-5 or 9-11 of embryonic development (Hamburger and Hamilton, 1951). The manipulated eggs were incubated, and hatched chicks were reared until sexual maturation. F1 generation was obtained from the DNA-treated chicken (DNA-chicken) mated with normal birds. Furthermore, F2 generation was also obtained from the F1 chicken mated with normal birds. The transfer of introduced foreign genes were confirmed by marker gene detection methods and PCR analysis in the hatched chicks, F1 and F2 generations. However, in our experiments, DNA-chickens showed abnormal characteristics such as low egg production rate, abnormal appearance and decreased number of spermatozoa. In the case of F1 chicken, low egg production and the deterioration of sperm capacity for insemination in male chicken were observed.
Apoptotic Cell-Mimetic Polymers for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy
Mitsuhiro Ebara 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2019 전남의대학술지 Vol.55 No.1
The field of biomaterials has seen a strong rejuvenation due to the new potential to modulate immune system in our body. This special class of materials is called “immunomodulatory biomaterials”. Generally, three fundamental strategies are followed in the design of immunomodulatory biomaterials: (1) immuno-inert biomaterials, (2) immuno-activating biomaterials, and (3) immuno-tolerant biomaterials. While many applications of immuno-inert biomaterials such as biocompatible medical implants have been already proposed in the past decades, the ability to engineer biological activity into synthetic materials greatly increases the number of their potential uses and improves their performance in more traditional applications. The major focus of researchers is now set on developing immuno-tolerant biomaterials for anti-inflammatory therapies. In this review, we therefore introduce recent developments of immuno-tolerant biomaterials. Especially we introduce an apoptotic cell membrane- inspired polymer and its post-inflammatory effects on immune cells in this article.
Good Practices of Ergonomic Science Communication in Japan
Yasuyuki Yamada,Takeshi Ebara,Takashi Toriizuka 대한산업공학회 2022 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.21 No.4
Science communication (SciComm) is a practical activity that maximizes the utility of academic findings, knowledge, and information. This study examined the good practices and future issues of SciComm in the field of ergonomics, in Japan. The first good practice was the establishment of the SciComm Committee in the Japan Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (JES) in 2020. The second was the ErgonomicThon workshop—an ergonomic Ideathon to discuss new ideas regarding the uses of ergonomic findings. The third was the original SciComm program using infographics to promote the use of ergonomic words in social networking service (SNS) communication. The fourth practice was the challenging online fieldwork conducted using the Google Street View. The last practice was the virtual convivial party held at the 62nd conference of JES in 2021. Based on these practices, we suggest the following three future issues of SciComm: (1) promotion of SciComm, beyond times of crisis; (2) development of ergonomic guidelines for SciComm; and, (3) promotion of online SciComm within the information society. This study outlines the importance of sharing good practices and future issues of SciComm that will help spread the movement of the SciComm in the field of ergonomics.
Droplets from a Thin Plate Nozzle Fabricated by Electroforming
( Norihiko Iki ),( Takumi Ebara ),( Daisuke Shimizu ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-
Disintegration phenomena of thin liquid jet were investigated with optical instruments and thin planar nickel plate nozzles fabricated by electroforming process. The thickness of the nozzle is 0.02mm. Nozzle hole diameter Dn is 0.01, 0.02, 0.04mm for single hole nozzle and Dn is 0.01mm for 16 holes nozzle. Ion exchanged water is sprayed vertically downward into static atmospheric air from small holes of thin plate nozzle. Injection pressure Pi is from 0.1 to 1.0MPa. Water jet already disintegrates into small droplets array where distance from the nozzle hole exit Lx is 8mm. The interval of the droplets array becomes larger with Lx. Average velocities of droplets of spray are larger at higher injection pressure and decrease gradually with increase of Lx. Average velocities of droplets of spray from a multi-hole nozzle are larger than those from a single-hole nozzle. SMD with a single hole nozzle mainly increase gradually with Lx. In the several cases, fine droplets are observed and SMD varies complicatedly with Lx. On the other hand, in the case of a multi-hole nozzle, SMD increases monotonously with Lx. The modal diameter based on volume monotonously increases with Lx.
Sakaki Kazuhiko,Shinkai Shuhei,Ebara Nobuharu,Shimizu Yasuo 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1
Nozzle geometry influences gas dynamics making sprayed particle behavior one of the most important parameters in cold spray process. Gas flows at the entrance convergent section of the nozzle takes place at relatively high temperature and are subsonic. Thus, this region is a very suitable environment for heating spray particle. In this study, numerical simulation and experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of nozzle contour, entrance geometry of nozzle and powder injection position at nozzle on the cold spray process. The process changes were observed through numerical simulation studies and the results were used to find a correlation with coating properties.