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An adaptive approach for the chloride diffusivity of cement-based materials
Bao-Viet Tran,Duc-Chinh Pham,Mai-Dinh Loc,Minh-Cuong Le 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2019 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.23 No.2
Adaptive schemes are constructed in this paper for modeling the effective chloride diffusion coefficient of cementbased materials (paste and concrete). Based on the polarization approximations for the effective conductivity of isotropic multicomponent materials, we develop some fitting procedures to include more information about the materials, to improve the accuracy of the scheme. The variable reference parameter of the approximation involves a few free scalars, which are determined through the available numerical or experimental values of the macroscopic chloride diffusion coefficient of cement paste or concrete at some volume proportions of the component materials. The various factors that affect the chloride diffusivity of cement-based material (porous material structure, uncertainty of value of the chloride diffusion coefficient in water-saturated pore spaces, etc.) may be accounted to make the predictions more accurate. Illustrations of applications are provided in a number of examples to show the usefulness of the approach.
Tran Ha Thi Thanh,Dang Anh Kieu,Ly Duc Viet,Vu Hao Thi,Hoang Tuan Van,Nguyen Chinh Thi,Chu Nhu Thi,Nguyen Vinh The,Nguyen Huyen Thi,Truong Anh Duc,Pham Ngoc Thi,Dang Hoang Vu 아세아·태평양축산학회 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.10
Objective: The rapid and reliable detection of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) plays an important role in emergency control and preventive measures of ASF. Some methods have been recommended by FAO/OIE to detect ASFV in clinical samples, including real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, mismatches in primer and probe binding regions may cause a false-negative result. Here, a slight modification in probe sequence has been conducted to improve the qualification of real-time PCR based on World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) protocol for accurate detection of ASFV in field samples in Vietnam. Methods: Seven positive confirmed samples (four samples have no mismatch, and three samples contained one mutation in probe binding sites) were used to establish novel real-time PCR with slightly modified probe (Y = C or T) in comparison with original probe recommended by OIE. Results: Both real-time PCRs using the OIE-recommended probe and novel modified probe can detect ASFV in clinical samples without mismatch in probe binding site. A high correlation of cycle quantification (Cq) values was observed in which Cq values obtained from both probes arranged from 22 to 25, suggesting that modified probe sequence does not impede the qualification of real-time PCR to detect ASFV in clinical samples. However, the samples with one mutation in probe binding sites were ASFV negative with OIE recommended probe but positive with our modified probe (Cq value ranked between 33.12-35.78). Conclusion: We demonstrated for the first time that a mismatch in probe binding regions caused a false negative result by OIE recommended real-time PCR, and a slightly modified probe is required to enhance the sensitivity and obtain an ASF accurate diagnosis in field samples in Vietnam.