Genetic Status of ESR Locus and Other Unidentified Genes As sociated with Litter Size in Chinese Indigenous Tongcheng Pig Breed after a Long Time Selection

Zhu, M.J.,Yu, M.,Liu, B.,Zhu, Z.Z.,Xiong, T.A.,Fan, B.,Xu, S.P.,Du, Y.Q.,Peng, Z.Z.,Li, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.5

The Tongcheng pig breed is a famous Chinese indigenous breed. The Ministry of Agriculture of China has filed it as 1 of 19 national key conservation breeds selected from more than 100 Chinese indigenous pig breeds in 2000. In order to improve the reproductive performance, it has been intensively selected to increase the litter size for about 10 years. The population randomly sampled from conservation nucleus of eight families in the Tongcheng pigs was genotyped for identification of their estrogen receptor locus polymorphisms with the PCR-RFLPs method. Only AB heterozygotes and BB homozygotes were detected, and $X^2$ test demonstrated that the locus was in disequilibrium at a significant level (p<0.05). In the present paper, the litter sizes in different parities were regarded as different traits. Holistic status of other unspecific and unidentified genes was estimated by using the statistical methods. Coefficients of kurtosis and skewness showed that the litter size still presented segregating characteristic in the 2nd, 5th, 7th, 8th and 9th parities. Analysis of homogeneity of variance between families confirmed the results for the 5th, 7th and 8th parities. The heritability of litter size for the 1st to 10th parities was estimated with paternal half-sib model and individual estimated breeding values (EBVs) were evaluated by a single trait animal model as well. We found that the averages of EBVs for litter size in each parity did not differ significantly between genotypes, despite the significant difference for original phenotype records in the 3rd, 4th and 5th parities (p<0.05 or p<0.01). The results may be explained by the deduction that the polymorphisms of ESR locus are no longer the important genetic base of litter size variation when the frequency of allele B accumulated in the experience of selection procedure, and further conferring that there exist special genes associated with litter size in the recent Tongcheng pigs population can be made.

New dominating sets in social networks

Zhu, Xu,Yu, Jieun,Lee, Wonjun,Kim, Donghyun,Shan,Du, Ding-Zhu Springer-Verlag 2010 Journal of global optimization Vol.48 No.4

On minimum submodular cover with submodular cost

Du, Hongjie,Wu, Weili,Lee, Wonjun,Liu, Qinghai,Zhang, Zhao,Du, Ding-Zhu Springer-Verlag 2011 Journal of global optimization Vol.50 No.2

Tooth Thickness Error Analysis of Straight Beveloid Gear by Inclined Gear Shaping

Feihong Zhu,Chaosheng Song,Caichao Zhu,Xuesong Du 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.23 No.4

In this paper, two approaches to calculate the tooth thickness error (TTE) of straight beveloid gear by tilt-type gear shaper were proposed. The first calculation approach of TTE was established by considering the change of pitch circle radius during the gear slotting process. The analytical tooth surface model of straight beveloid gear was derived by inclined gear shaping, and the tooth surface point set was obtained. Then, another calculation methodology of TTE was established based on the analytical straight beveloid gear model. Two approaches were employed to calculate the TTE of internal and external straight beveloid gear, respectively. And they were employed to validate each other, and the results show a good consistency. The influences of design parameters on TTE was analyzed. Results show that the internal/external straight beveloid gears have a convex/concave TTE along the tooth width direction while cutting by tilt-type gear shaper, which makes the tooth thickness of the heel and toe sides of beveloid gear thinned/thickened, respectively. The TTE of internal and external beveloid gear both increase with the increase of design cone angle, and decrease with the increase of modulus and number of teeth. For the same macro gear design parameters, the TTE of external beveloid gear is smaller than that of internal beveloid gear. The results of the two approaches show good consistency at the middle of tooth surface. The maximum difference between the results of two approaches gradually increases away from the middle of tooth surface, and it is positively correlated with the value of TTE.

Luminescence and microstructures of Eu³⁺-doped Ca₉LiGd_2/3(PO₄)₇

Du, Fuping,Zhu, Rui,Huang, Yanlin,Tao, Ye,Jin Seo, Hyo Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Dalton Transactions Vol.40 No.43

<P>A red-emitting phosphor, Eu<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped Ca<SUB>9</SUB>LiGd<SUB>2/3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>7</SUB>, was synthesized by the conventional high-temperature solid-state reaction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the pure crystalline phase of Whitlockite-type structure. The excitation spectra of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> doped Ca<SUB>9</SUB>LiGd<SUB>2/3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>7</SUB> were measured in the VUV and UV region indicating an efficient energy transfer process from the host and Gd<SUP>3+</SUP> to Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. Upon excitation with VUV and UV radiation, the phosphor showed strong red emission around 611 nm corresponding to the forced electric dipole <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB>→<SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>2</SUB> transition of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. The VUV- and UV-excited luminescence spectra of Ca<SUB>9</SUB>LiGd<SUB>2/3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>7</SUB>:Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> together with the dependence of the integrated emission intensities on the doping levels were investigated. The Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions were investigated by a tunable laser as an excitation source. The excitation spectra of <SUP>7</SUP>F<SUB>0</SUB>→ <SUP>5</SUP>D<SUB>0</SUB> transitions suggest that there are two families of inequivalent sites for Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> in this host. The concentration quenching and crystallographic site-occupancy of Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions in Ca<SUB>9</SUB>LiGd<SUB>2/3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>7</SUB> host were discussed on the basis of the site selective excitation and emission spectra, the luminescence decay and its crystal structure.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Two families of the inequivalent sites for Eu<SUP>3+</SUP> ions in Ca<SUB>9</SUB>LiGd<SUB>2/3</SUB>(PO<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>7</SUB> with whitlockite-type structure were identified on the base of the laser site-selective excitation and emission spectra. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1dt11075f'> </P>

Characterization of a Late Gene, ORF60 from Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus

Du, Meng-Fang,Yin, Xin-Ming,Guo, Zhong-Jian,Zhu, Liang-Jun Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.6

Open reading frame 60 of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (Bm60) is located between 56,673 and 57,479 bp in the BmNPV genome which encodes 268 amino acid residues with predicted molecular weight of 31.0 kDa. Bm60 and its homologues have been identified in 11 completely sequenced lepidopteran NPVs. The transcript of Bm60 was detected by RT-PCR at 18-72 h post-infection (p.i.), while the corresponding protein could be detected at 24-72 h p.i. in BmNPV-infected BmN cells by Western blot analysis using a polyclonal antibody against Bm60. The expression of Bm60 was inhibited in the presence of Ara-c, an inhibitor of viral DNA synthesis. These results together indicated that Bm60 was a late gene. The size of Bm60 product was found to be a 31 kDa in BmNPV-infected BmN cells, consistent with predicted molecular weight. Immuno-fluoresence analysis showed that the Bm60 product was first detected in the cytoplasm at 24 h p.i and also located in nucleus during later infection. In conclusion, the available data suggest that Bm60 is a functional ORF of BmNPV and encodes a 31kDa protein expressed in the later stage of infection cycle.

Biocatalytic Production of Glucosamine from N-Acetylglucosamine by Diacetylchitobiose Deacetylase

( Zhu Jiang ),( Xueqin Lv ),( Yanfeng Liu ),( Hyun-dong Shin ),( Jianghua Li ),( Guocheng Du ),( Long Liu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.11

Glucosamine (GlcN) is widely used in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Currently, GlcN is mainly produced by traditional multistep chemical synthesis and acid hydrolysis, which can cause severe environmental pollution, require a long prodution period but a lower yield. The aim of this work was to develop a whole-cell biocatalytic process for the environment-friendly synthesis of glucosamine (GlcN) from N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). We constructed a recombinant Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis strains as efficient whole-cell biocatalysts via expression of diacetylchitobiose deacetylase (Dac_ph) from Pyrococcus furiosus. Although both strains were biocatalytically active, the performance of B. subtilis was better. To enhance GlcN production, optimal reaction conditions were found: B. subtilis whole-cell biocatalyst 18.6 g/l, temperature 40°C, pH 7.5, GlcNAc concentration 50 g/l and reaction time 3 h. Under the above conditions, the maximal titer of GlcN was 35.3 g/l, the molar conversion ratio was 86.8% in 3-L bioreactor. This paper shows an efficient biotransformation process for the biotechnological production of GlcN in B. subtilis that is more environmentally friendly than the traditional multistep chemical synthesis approach. The biocatalytic process described here has the advantage of less environmental pollution and thus has great potential for largescale production of GlcN in an environment-friendly manner.

A complete S-shape feed rate scheduling approach for NURBS interpolator

Du, Xu,Huang, Jie,Zhu, Li-Min Society for Computational Design and Engineering 2015 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.2 No.4

This paper presents a complete S-shape feed rate scheduling approach (CSFA) with confined jerk, acceleration and command feed rate for parametric tool path. For a Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) tool path, the critical points of the tool path where the radius of curvature reaches extreme values are found firstly. Then, the NURBS curve is split into several NURBS sub-curves or blocks by the critical points. A bidirectional scanning strategy with the limitations of chord error, normal/tangential acceleration/jerk and command feed rate is employed to make the feed rate at the junctions between different NURBS blocks continuous. To improve the efficiency of the feed rate scheduling, the NURBS block is classified into three types: short block, medium block and long block. The feed rate profile corresponding to each NURBS block is generated according to the start/end feed rates and the arc length of the block and the limitations of tangential acceleration/jerk. In addition, two compensation strategies are proposed to make the feed rate more continuous and the arc increment more precise. Once the feed rate profile is determined, a second-order Taylor's expansion interpolation method is applied to generate the position commands. Finally, experiments with two free-form NURBS curves are conducted to verify the applicability and accuracy of the proposed method.

Hath1 Inhibits Proliferation of Colon Cancer Cells Probably Through Up-regulating Expression of Muc2 and p27 and Down-regulating Expression of Cyclin D1

Zhu, Dai-Hua,Niu, Bai-Lin,Du, Hui-Min,Ren, Ke,Sun, Jian-Ming,Gong, Jian-Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Previous studies showed that Math1 homologous to human Hath1 can cause mouse goblet cells to differentiate. In this context it is important that the majority of colon cancers have few goblet cells. In the present study, the potential role of Hath1 in colon carcinogenesis was investigated. Sections of paraffin-embedded tissues were used to investigate the goblet cell population of normal colon mucosa, mucosa adjacent colon cancer and colon cancer samples from 48 patients. Hath1 and Muc2 expression in these samples were tested by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time reverse transcription -PCR and Western blotting. After the recombinant plasmid, pcDNA3.1(+)-Hath1 had been transfected into HT29 colon cancer cells, three clones were selected randomly to test the levels of Hath1 mRNA, Muc2 mRNA, Hath1, Muc2, cyclin D1 and p27 by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting. Moreover, the proliferative ability of HT29 cells introduced with Hath1 was assessed by means of colony formation assay and xenografting. Expression of Hath1, Muc2, cyclin D1 and p27 in the xenograft tumors was also detected by Western blotting. No goblet cells were to be found in colon cancer and levels of Hath1 mRNA and Hath1, Muc2 mRNA and Muc2 were significantly down-regulated. Hath1 could decrease cyclin D1, increase p27 and Muc2 in HT29 cells and inhibit their proliferation. Hath1 may be an anti-oncogene in colon carcinogenesis.

BCR/ABL mRNA Targeting Small Interfering RNA Effects on Proliferation and Apoptosis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Zhu, Xi-Shan,Lin, Zi-Ying,Du, Jing,Cao, Guang-Xin,Liu, Gang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.12

Background: To investigate the effects of small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting BCR/ABL mRNA on proliferation and apoptosis in the K562 human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line and to provide a theoretical rationale and experimental evidence for its potential clinical application for anti-CML treatment. Materials and Methods: The gene sequence for BCR/ABL mRNA was found from the GeneBank. The target gene site on the BCR/ABL mRNA were selected according to Max-Planck-Institute (MPI) and rational siRNA design rules, the secondary structure of the candidate targeted mRNA was predicted, the relevant thermodynamic parameters were analyzed, and the targeted gene sequences were compared with BLAST to eliminate any sequences with significant homology. Inhibition of proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay and colony-formation inhibiting test. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) and the morphology of apoptotic cells was identified by Giemsa-Wright staining. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression of BCR/ABL fusion protein in K562 cells after siRNA treatment. Results: The mRNA local secondary structure calculated by RNA structure software, and the optimal design of specific siRNA were contributed by bioinformatics rules. Five sequences of BCR/ABL siRNAs were designed and synthesized in vitro. Three sequences, siRNA1384, siRNA1276 and siRNA1786, which showed the most effective inhibition of K562 cell growth, were identified among the five candidate siRNAs, with a cell proliferative inhibitory rate nearly 50% after exposure to 12.5nmol/L~50nmol/L siRNA1384 for 24,48 and 72 hours. The 50% inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}$) of siRNA1384, siRNA1276 and siRNA1786 for 24hours were 46.6 nmol/L, 59.3 nmol/L and 62.6 nmol/L, respectively, and 65.668 nmol/L, 76.6 nmol/L, 74.4 nmol/L for 72 hours. The colony-formation inhibiting test also indicated that, compared with control, cell growth of siRNA treated group was inhibited. FCM results showed that the rate of cell apoptosis increased 24 hours after transfecting siRNA. The results of annexinV/PI staining indicated that the rate of apoptosis imcreased (1.53%, 15.3%, 64.5%, 57.5% and 21.5%) following treamtne with siRNAs (siRNA34, siRNA372, siRNA1384, siRNA1276 and siRNA1786). Morphological analysis showed td typical morphologic changes of apoptosis such as shrunken, fragmentation nucleus as well as "apoptotic bodies" after K562 cell exposure to siRNA. Western blot analysis showed that BCR/ABL protein was reduced sharply after a single dose of 50nmol/L siRNA transfection. Conclusions: Proliferation of K562 cells was remarkbly inhibited by siRNAs (siRNA1384, siRNA1276 and siRNA1786) in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro, with effective induction of apoptosis at a concentration of 50 nmol/L. One anti-leukemia mechanism in K562 cells appeared that BCR/ABL targeted protein was highly down-regulated. The siRNAs (siRNA1384, siRNA1276 and siRNA1786) may prove valuable in the treatment of CML.