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Dharam Pal Abrol,Yogita Shanni 한국양봉학회 2020 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.35 No.2
The study was carried out during 2016-17 in different locations of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Infections caused by the European foulbrood disease organism Melisococcus plutonius were recorded from a minimum of 6% (Pranu) to a maximum of 16.66% (Sartingal ) in colonies of the Doda district and from a minimum of 1.47% (Parnote) to a maximum of 15.18% (Digdol) in the district of Ramban. Incidences of European foulbrood were recorded maximally in September (14.59%) and minimally in March (1.81%). Percentages of European foulbrood infections of experimental colonies of the university apiary were lowest (1.81%) in March and maximal (15.37%) in September. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecular diagnosis for EFB was conducted on 60 larval samples collected from different areas of the four districts for PCR amplification of partial 16S rRNA gene fragments (486 bp). Results showed that out of 60 only 6 samples (10%) were positive for M. plutonius in different apiaries. The study documented the occurrence of EFB by PCR assay in apiaries of different regions of Jammu and Kashmir for the first time.
Dharam Pal Abrol 한국양봉학회 2016 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.31 No.1
Foraging behaviour of two honeybee species Apis dorsata and A. florea was studied in relation to energy production rates of Brassica campestis var toria, Coriandrum sativum, and Foeniculum vulgare. Energy produced ranged from a minimum of 0.0176±0.01 joules per flower per day (C. sativum) to a maximum of 0.4275±0.14 joules per flower per day (B. campestis var toria). A. dorsata preferred B. campestis var toria compared to other two crops. As the A. dorsata could harvest more energy compared to A. florea which mostly relied upon low rewarding C. sativum, and F. vulgare. The foraging population of both the bee species also exhibited the same pattern. Evidently, such preferences seem to be associated with the foraging profitability of the pollinators.
Dharam Pal Abrol 한국양봉학회 2016 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.31 No.1
Foraging behavior of two honeybee species Apis dorsata F. and Apis florea F in relation to sugar composition and energetic of nectar production was studied in a community of plant species where the two bee species forage regularly throughout the year. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of nectars from 51 cultivated and ornamental plants revealed that their nectars contained three types of sugars viz. glucose, fructose and sucrose. Quantitative studies enable categorization of the nectars into three groups a) glucose and fructose dominated, b) sucrose dominated and, c) nectars having nearly equal proportions of glucose, fructose and sucrose. Of the two honeybee species, Apis dorsata preferred relatively large sized sucrose dominated flowers whereas Apis florea small flowers with glucose + fructose dominated sugars. However, energy cost and reward provided a clear picture which indicates that A. dorsata bigger in size and tongue length forage flowers providing high energy rewards compared to A. florea which forage low energy rewarding flowers. Such preferences seem to be associated with the foraging profitability of the pollinators.
Foraging Behaviour of Bees as Influenced by Quality and Quantity of Rewards from Flowers
Abrol Dharam Pal Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2006 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.9 No.2
Foraging behaviour of four honeybee species (Apis mellifera A. cerana, A. dorsata and A. florea) was studied in relation to energy production rates of Prunus persica and a simultaneously blooming weed, Lepidagathus incurva. Energy produced ranged from a minimum of 0.642$\pm$0.01 joules (L. incurva)/flower/day to a maximum of 1.49$\pm$0.14 joules/day (P. persica). The weed having higher nectar sugar concentration and high flowering density attracted more number of bees as compared to peach. The foraging rates of bees were much higher on the weed and they could harvest more energy per unit time from the weed flowers. Evidently, food acquisition efficiency and quality of food determines the foraging decision of bees.
Abrol Dharam Pal Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.1
The pollinators are highly selective in their floral visits and shown to choose those flowers which best meet their energetic needs. The energy needs and foraging dynamics of pollinators are dependent upon prevailing weather conditions which regulate the schedule of activities thus influencing the energy budget. In this review, the role of energetics in pollinator-plant interaction, the current and future lines of research for the understanding of pollination biology are discussed.
Mass Rearing of Apis cerana F. Queen
Dharam Pal Abrol,R. M. Bhagat,Devinder Sharma 한국응용곤충학회 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.3
The conditions that determine the sucess ofmass rearing of Apis cerana F. queens were studied.It was found that artificial quen cell cups with the internal diameter of 6.2mm at base 8.6mm at the mouth and 8.8mm depth were highly preferred by the bees for rearing of queens from the grafted larvae. Likewise, the wax obtained from old comb foundation was pre-tance was recorded for 12 and 6 number of larval grafts. High percentage and mean volume of queen cells was obtained from 12-6hr. old grafts. However, no signi-ficant diferences were observed between grafts and those provided with royal jely. The same was true for single and double grafts. The percentage acceptance was in the order: March, April, August, and September.
Dharam Pal Abrol 한국응용곤충학회 2005 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.8 No.1
The pollinators are highly selective in their floral visits and shown to choose those flowers which best meet their energetic needs. The energy needs and foraging dynamics of pollinators are dependent upon prevailing weather conditions which regulate the schedule of activities thus influencing the energy budget. In this review, the role of energetics in pollinator-plant interaction, the current and future lines of research for the understanding of pollination biology are discussed.
Abrol, Dharam-Pal,Singh, Jang-Bahadur Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2003 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.6 No.1
Six insecticides and Heir eight combinations were tested for their efficacy against brinjal fruit and shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis. Endosulfan + deltamethrin (0.07%, 0.0025%) and endosulfan + fenvalerate (0.07% + 0.005%) were highly effective against fruit borer that recorded only 13.3% damage as compared to 69.8% in control. The other promising treatments which significantly reduced the fruit damage over the control were in the order: carbaryl + fenvalerate = dichlorvos + fenvalerate (14.9%) > malathion + fenvalerate (16.4%) > fenvalerate + deltamethrin (16.6%) > dichlorvos = carbaryl + deltamethrin = malathion = dichorvos + deltamethrin = malathion + deltamethrin (18.3%) > endosulfan (20.0%) > carbaryl (21.6%) with mean percentage of damage 14.9, 16.4, 18.3, 20.0, 21.6 and 69.8%, respectively. Carbaryl was least effective, but its combinations with pyrethroids were proved superior over carbaryl alone. Cost - benefit ratio ranged from a minimum of 1: 5.10 (carbaryl) to a maximum of 1: 20.44 (fenvalerate). Dichlorvos + fenvalerate combination gave the highest yield of 263.45 q/ha, whereas carbaryl was least effective giving 225.7 q/ha. with a net gain of Rupees 42,443.00 (US$ 886.00) and 28,141.00 (US$ 587.49), respectively. The other treatments were intermediate between the two insecticide regimes. However, all the treatments were superior over the control which produced 113.58 q/ha with a net gain of Rupees 340.00 only.