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Rupak Desai,Upenkumar Patel,Shreyans Doshi,Dipen Zalavadia,Wardah Siddiq,Hitanshu Dave,Mohammad Bilal,Vikas Khullar,Hemant Goyal,Madhav Desai,Nihar Shah 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.5
Background/Aims: To analyze the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) sepsis in the early (Julyto September) and later (October to June) academic months to assess the “July effect”. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (2010–2014) was used to identify ERCP-related adult hospitalizations at urban teachinghospitals by applying relevant procedure codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification. Post-ERCP outcomes were compared between the early and later academic months. A multivariate analysis was performed to evaluatethe odds of post-ERCP sepsis and its predictors. Results: Of 481,193 ERCP procedures carried out at urban teaching hospitals, 124,934 were performed during the early academicmonths. The demographics were comparable for ERCP procedures performed during the early and later academic months. A higherincidence (9.4% vs. 8.8%, p<0.001) and odds (odds ratio [OR], 1.07) of post-ERCP sepsis were observed in ERCP performed during theearly academic months. The in-hospital mortality rate (7% vs. 7.5%, p=0.072), length of stay, and total hospital charges in patients withpost-ERCP sepsis were also equivalent between the 2 time points. Pre-ERCP cholangitis (OR, 3.20) and post-ERCP complications suchas cholangitis (OR, 6.27), perforation (OR, 3.93), and hemorrhage (OR, 1.42) were significant predictors of higher post-ERCP sepsis inprocedures performed during the early academic months. Conclusions: The July effect was present in the incidence of post-ERCP sepsis, and academic programs should take into considerationthe predictors of post-ERCP sepsis to lower health-care burden.
Effect of substrate on the nanostructured Bi2Se3 thin films for solar cell applications
Desai, N. D.,Ghanwat, V. B.,Khot, K. V.,Mali, S. S.,Hong, C. K.,Bhosale, P. N. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Journal of materials science Materials in electron Vol.27 No.3
<P>In this article, we are reporting the effect of different substrates on the growth of nanostructured bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) thin films for photoelectrochemical (PEC) application. Three different substrates are used such as glass, indium doped tin oxide (ITO) and fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) for the deposition of Bi2Se3 thin film using arrested precipitation technique at room temperature (300 K). The optical, structural, morphological, compositional and PEC properties of Bi2Se3 thin films were studied by using various characterization techniques such as UV-Vis-NIR, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and PEC as a function of different substrates. Finally, the PEC performance of deposited thin films shows highest conversion efficiency 0.14 % for Bi2Se3 thin films deposited on FTO coated substrate surface.</P>
Desai, K. G.,Park, H. J. Taylor & Francis 2006 Journal of microencapsulation Vol.23 No.1
<P>To prepare the sustained release vitamin C carriers, vitamin C was successfully encapsulated in tripolyphosphate (TPP) cross-linked chitosan (TPP-chitosan) microspheres by the spray-drying method at different manufacturing conditions. Manufacturing parameters (inlet temperature, liquid flow rate, chitosan concentration and volume of 1% w/v TPP solution) had a significant influence on the characteristics of thus prepared microspheres. The optimum spray-drying conditions such as inlet temperature, liquid flow rate and compressed air flow rate for the encapsulation of vitamin C in TPP-chitosan microspheres was found to be 170°C, 2 ml min −1 and 10 l min −1 , respectively. The size and yield of the TPP-chitosan microspheres ranged from 3.9–7.3 µm and 54.5–67.5%, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of TPP-chitosan microspheres ranged from 45.72–68.7% and it decreased with the increasing volume of 1% w/v TPP solution. At the same cross-linking extent, the encapsulation efficiency of TPP-chitosan microspheres increased when the concentration of chitosan was increased from 0.5–1% w/v. Effect of volume of 1% w/v TPP solution on the surface morphology of chitosan microspheres was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These studies revealed that chitosan solution (250 ml) cross-linked with 15 ml 1% w/v TPP solution produced more porous microspheres than that cross-linked with 5 and 10 ml TPP solution. The release rate of vitamin C from TPP-chitosan microspheres decreased when the concentration of chitosan was increased from 0.5–1.0% w/v. Vitamin C release rate was also modulated by varying the volume of 1% w/v TPP solution. The release rate of vitamin C from TPP-chitosan microspheres decreased with increasing volume (5–15 ml) of 1% w/v TPP solution.</P>
Desai, S.P.,Suryawanshi, M.P.,Gaikwad, M.A.,Mane, A.A.,Kim, J.H.,Moholkar, A.V. Elsevier S.A. 2017 Thin Solid Films Vol.628 No.-
The influence of thickness on the properties of cadmium oxide thin films deposited using simple and cost-effective chemical spray pyrolysis technique is studied. The maximum film of thickness 2752nm is achieved by tuning spraying parameters. The thickness dependent structural, morphological, and optoelectronic properties of CdO thin films have been investigated in detail. The microstructure of CdO thin films significantly changed from rough to smooth and further to rougher surface with increase in film thickness. This behavior has been further confirmed from water contact angle measurement. The optical studies show that the direct band gap energy values ranging between 2.23 and 2.46eV. The Hall effect measurement indicates that all the films exhibit n-type semiconducting behavior with their electrical resistivity lies in the range of 12.8x10<SUP>-4</SUP> to 3.7x10<SUP>-4</SUP>Ω.cm. The CdO film with thickness of 1371nm exhibited the best optoelectronics properties (transmittance of 74%, figure of merit of 18.23x10<SUP>-3</SUP>(Ω)<SUP>-1</SUP>, carrier concentration of 7.30x10<SUP>20</SUP>/cm<SUP>3</SUP> and mobility of 23.11cm<SUP>2</SUP>/Vs) among all the films.
Desai, Fanny Sharadkumar,Nongthombam, Jitendra,Singh, Lisam Shanjukumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18
Background: Urinary stones are known predisposing factors for upper urinary tract carcinoma (UUTC) which are commonly detected at advanced stage with poor outcome because of rarity and lack of specific criteria for early detection. Aims and objectives: The main aim was to evaluate the impact of age, gender andstone characteristics on risk of developing UUTC in patients with chronic nephrolithiasis. We also discuss the role of aberrant angiogenesis (AA) and immunohistochemical expression of p53, p16INK4a, CK20 and Ki-67 in diagnosis of pelvicalyceal neoplastic (NL) and pre-neoplastic lesions (PNL) in these patients. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of pelvicalyceal urothelial lesions from 88 nephrectomy specimens were carried out in a tertiary care centre from June 2012 to December 2014. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 37 selected cases. Computed image analysis was performed to analyse aberrant angiogenesis. Results: All UUTC (5.7%) and metaplastic lesions were found to be associated with stones. Some 60% were pure squamous cell carcinoma and 40% were transitional cell carcinoma. Odd ratios for developing NL and PNL lesions in presence of renal stone, impacted stones, multiple and large stag horn stones were 9.39 (95% CI 1.15-76.39, p value 0.05), 6.28 (95% CI 1.59-24.85, p value 0.000) and 7.4 (95% CI, 2.29-23.94, p value 0.001) respectively. When patient age was ${\geq}55$, the odds ratio for developing NL was 3.43 (95% CI 1.19-9.88, p value 0.019). IHC analysis showed that mean Ki-67 indices were $3.15{\pm}3.63%$ for non-neoplastic lesions, $10.0{\pm}9.45%$ for PNL and $28.0{\pm}18.4%$ for NL. Sensitivity and specificity of CK20, p53, p16INK4a, AA were 76% and 95.9%; 100% and 27.5%; 100% and 26.5%; 92.3 % and 78.8% respectively. Conclusions: Age ${\geq}55years$, large stag horn stones, multiple stones and impacted stones are found to be associated with increased risk of NL and PNL in UUT. For flat lesions, a panel of markers, Ki 67 index >10 and presence of aberrant angiogenesis were more useful than individual markers.
Search for dark matter WIMPs using upward through-going muons in Super-Kamiokande
Desai, S.,Ashie, Y.,Fukuda, S.,Fukuda, Y.,Ishihara, K.,Itow, Y.,Koshio, Y.,Minamino, A.,Miura, M.,Moriyama, S.,Nakahata, M.,Namba, T.,Nambu, R.,Obayashi, Y.,Sakurai, N.,Shiozawa, M.,Suzuki, Y.,Takeuch American Physical Society 2004 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.70 No.8
Desai, Priyanka S.,Kang, Beom-Goo,Katzarova, Maria,Hall, Ryan,Huang, Qifan,Lee, Sanghoon,Shivokhin, Maksim,Chang, Taihyun,Venerus, David C.,Mays, Jimmy,Schieber, Jay D.,Larson, Ronald G. American Chemical Society 2016 Macromolecules Vol.49 No.13
<P>We compare predictions of two of the most advanced versions of the tube model, namely the 'Hierarchical model' by Wang et al. [J. Rheol. 2010, 54, 223] and the BoB (branch-on-branch) model by Das et al. [J. Rheol. 2006, SO, 207], against linear viscoelastic G' and G '' data of binary blends of nearly monodisperse 1,4-polybutadiene 4-arm star polymer of arm molar mass 24 000 g/mol with a monodisperse linear 1,4-polybutadiene of molar mass 58 000 g/mol. The star was carefully synthesized and characterized by temperature gradient interaction chromatography and by linear rheology over a wide frequency region through time temperature superposition. We found large failures of both the Hierarchical and BoB models to predict the terminal relaxation behavior of the star/linear blends, despite their success in predicting the rheology of the pure star and pure linear polymers. This failure occurred regardless of the choices made concerning constraint release, such as assuming arm retraction in 'fat' or 'skinny' tubes. Allowing for 'disentanglement relaxation' to cut off the constraint release Rouse process at long times does lead to improved predictions for our blends, but leads to much worse predictions for other star/linear blends described in the literature, especially those of Shivokhin et al. [Macromolecules 2014, 47, 2451]. In addition, our blends and those of Shivokhin et al. were also tested against a coarse-grained slip-link model, the 'clustered fixed slip-link model (CFSM)' of Schieber and co-workers [J. Rheol. 2014, 58, 723], in which several Kuhn steps are clustered together for computational efficiency. The CFSM with only two molecular-weight- and chain-architecture-independent parameters was able to give very good agreement with all experimental data for both of these sets of blends. In light of its success, the CFSM slip-link model may be used to address the constraint release issue more rigorously and potentially help develop improved tube models.</P>
Triticum aestivum (Wheatgrass) formulation: An alternate treatment for the patients with Thalassemia
Desai, TR,Solanki, JK,Buch, Pankaj,Goyal, RK Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.5
We have developed the tablet formulation of Triticum aestivum (wheatgrass) and investigated clinically, its effects in patients suffering from b-thalassemia (major) at K. T. Children Hospital, Civil Hospital, Rajkot. The tablets (wheatgrass powder 250 mg.) were given 3 times in a day for 9 months. Blood samples were collected at the start, after 6 months and 9 months and analyzed for various biochemical and hematological parameters. Treatment with wheatgrass formulation for 9 months produced significant decrease in hemoglobin, total RBC, eosinophil and reticulocyte counts. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly increased was significantly increased. The serum ferritin was also significantly decreased. There was no influence on serum magnesium, serum iron and Thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS). Our data indicate that treatment with wheatgrass on patients with $\beta$-thalassemia (major) may have beneficial effects in the form of a decrease in ineffective erythropoiesis, stimulation of hemoglobin synthesis in RBC, decrease in iron load and decrease in eosinophil count.
Elastin-Based Rubber-Like Hydrogels
Desai, Malav S.,Wang, Eddie,Joyner, Kyle,Chung, Tae Won,Jin, Hyo-Eon,Lee, Seung-Wuk American Chemical Society 2016 Biomacromolecules Vol.17 No.7
<P>We developed rubber-like elastomeric materials using a natural elastin derived sequence and genetic engineering to create precisely defined elastin-like polypeptides. The coiled elastin-like polypeptide chains, which behave like entropic springs, were cross-linked using an end-to-end tethering scheme to synthesize simple hydrogels with excellent extensibility and reversibility. Our hydrogels extend to strains as high as 1500% and remain highly resilient with elastic recovery as high as 94% even at 600% strain, significantly exceeding any other protein-based valuable as elastomeric hydrogels for designing extremely robust scaffolds useful for tissue engineering.</P>