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Chenglong Sun,Shuangshuang Ma,Lili Li,Daijie Wang,Wei Liu,Feng Liu,Lanping Guo,Xiao Wang 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.6
Background: Panax notoginseng is a highly valued medicinal herb used widely in China and many Asiancountries. Its root and rhizome have long been used for the treatment of cardiovascular and hematologicaldiseases. Imaging the spatial distributions and dynamics of metabolites in heterogeneous planttissues is significant for characterizing the metabolic networks of Panax notoginseng, and this will alsoprovide a highly informative approach to understand the complex molecular changes in the processing ofPanax notoginseng. Methods: Here, a high-sensitive MALDI-MS imaging method was developed and adopted to visualize thespatial distributions and spatiotemporal changes of metabolites in different botanical parts of Panaxnotoginseng. Results: A wide spectrum of metabolites including notoginsenosides, ginsenosides, amino acids, dencichine,gluconic acid, and low-molecular-weight organic acids were imaged in Panax notoginseng rhizomeand root tissues for the first time. Moreover, the spatiotemporal alterations of metabolites during thesteaming of Panax notoginseng root were also characterized in this study. And, a series of metabolitessuch as dencichine, arginine and glutamine that changed with the steaming of Panax notoginseng weresuccessfully screened out and imaged. Conclusion: These spatially-resolved metabolite data not only enhance our understanding of the Panaxnotoginseng metabolic networks, but also provide dire
Jung Eun Min,Nguyen Phuoc Long,Ji Yeon Hong,Sun Jo Kim,Nguyen Hoang Anh,Daijie Wang,Xiao Wang,Jeong Hill Park,Sung Won Kwon,Seul Ji Lee 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.2
Background: Ginseng, officially known as Panax ginseng Meyer, has been traditionally used as a medicinal herb, particularly in Asia. Ginseng is propagated from seeds; however, seed germination is challenging, especially in its natural environment on farms. The seeds typically exhibit morphophysiological dormancy and require release from both morphological and physiological dormancy before germination. Although some studies have proposed methods for increasing seed germination rates, the underlying mechanisms of its dormancy release process remain unclear. Here, we investigated metabolic alterations during dehiscence in P. ginseng to determine their potential roles in dormancy release. Methods: We compared the ginseng seed metabolome before and after dehiscence and the ginsenoside and phytosterol compositions of the seeds in both periods in the presence of related enzymes. Results: After seed dehiscence, the sugar, amino acid, and squalene concentrations were significantly altered, phytosterols associated with the stigmasterol biosynthesis pathway were increased, while ginsenoside and brassinosteroid levels were not significantly altered. In addition, squalene epoxidase, cycloartenol synthase, 24-methylenesterol C-methyltransferase, and the stigmasterol biosynthesis pathway were activated. Conclusion: Overall, our findings suggest that morphological activities that facilitate ginseng seed growth are the primary phenomena occurring during the dehiscence process. This study improves the understanding of P. ginseng germination processes and promotes further research of its germination and cultivation.