http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
DAHAL, Suresh Kumar,RAJU, G. Raghavender Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.7
The exchange rate is an important macroeconomic variable that influences internal and external balances. Nepal follows a dual exchange rate such that the Nepali rupee (NPR) is pegged with the Indian rupee (INR) but floats with the United States dollar (USD) and all other currencies. There have been very few studies on the exchange rate of Nepal, of which the majority focus on the bivariate relationship between exchange rate and another variable. However, this paper analyses the multivariate relationship between the USD-NPR exchange rate and major macroeconomic variables. Determinants of Nepal's exchange rate have been derived with multiple regression using the ordinary least square (OLS) approach. Since the explanatory variables could not significantly capture the movement of the dependent variable, a long-run relationship between Nepal and India's exchange rate has been analyzed using Engle-Granger cointegration to establish a relationship as suggested by a graphical representation. This explains that Nepal's exchange rate long run is determined by India's exchange rate than its own fundamentals. In addition, the macro-linkages of Nepal's macroeconomic variables have been analyzed using Standard Vector Autoregressive models followed by impulse response analysis which is useful for policy decisions. Some policy implications indicating the sustainability of Nepal's pegged regime have been drawn based on the empirical analysis.
DAHAL RAM HARI,Choi Yoon-Jung,김석호,김정민 대한미생물학회 2024 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.54 No.2
Clostridioides difficile is a spore-forming enteric pathogen that causes life-threatening diarrhea and colitis. Notably, C. difficile infection (CDI) is a major healthcare-associated infection with increasing incidence and morbidity rates. Antibiotic-induced microbial disruption has been linked to susceptibility to CDI transmission and relapse. Therefore, alternative therapeutic approaches that effectively prevent C. difficile growth and spore germination are urgently needed. Bacteriophage-derived endolysins and their derivatives have recently shown potential as novel antibacterial agents. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a novel truncated cysteine-histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase (CHAP) modular endolysin, CHAPSAP26-161, in combating CDI. In vitro studies demonstrated its potent bactericidal activity against several clinically relevant C. difficile strains, including toxin A- and toxin B-producing and nontoxigenic strains. CHAPSAP26-161 exhibited rapid and specific killing activity, thereby significantly reducing C. difficile colony-forming units. Furthermore, in a murine CDI model, CHAPSAP26-161 treatment remarkably reduced C. difficile burden and clinical symptoms, such as diarrhea and weight loss. In histopathological analysis, colonic inflammation and tissue damage decreased in CHAPSAP26-161-treated mice compared with that in the control group. Moreover, no cytotoxic effects were observed on the A549 cell line, indicating that CHAPSAP26-161 is safe as a therapeutic agent. These findings highlight that CHAPSAP26-161 is a promising treatment option for CDI. Importantly, preclinical and clinical studies are warranted to fully evaluate the therapeuti
Dahal, Bipeen,Mukhiya, Tanka,Ojha, Gunendra Prasad,Muthurasu, Alagan,Chae, Su-Hyeong,Kim, Taewoo,Kang, Dawon,Kim, Hak Yong Pergamon Press 2019 Electrochimica Acta Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon nanofibers (CNFs) show enormous potential as a high performance and cost-effective supercapacitor electrode material. However, there are two intrinsic limitations that prevent their deployment in this field, namely their low surface area and limited transporting channels for ion diffusion. Here, we design an approach that concurrently addresses both problems. We employ electrospinning of PAN and zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) nanoparticles to fabricate highly porous CNFs, followed by a sodium borohydride treatment and freeze-drying to maintain the three-dimensionalities of carbon nanofibers networks. Nitrogen and boron co-doping could be achieved together by controlling the conditions for stabilization and carbonization after the ammonium borate tri-hydrate treatment. The novel ZIF-8 incorporated 3D nitrogen and boron co-doped carbon nanofiber electrode was tested as a binder-free supercapacitor electrode and delivered a high specific capacitance of 295 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a 0.5 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> current density, exceeding that of PAN-based carbon nanofiber supercapacitor electrodes. Indeed, the novel electrode also maintained a high rate capability and remarkable cyclic stability of 94.5% capacitance retention even after 10 000 charge-discharge cycles. This superior electrochemical performance is attributed to the large surface area, mesoporous nature and high wettability of the B and N doped carbon nanofiber electrode. This study will inspire the development of new 3D PAN and metal organic framework based porous electrode materials for high performance energy storage devices.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>