Purification and characterization of exo-polygalacturonase from Zygoascus hellenicus V25 and its potential application in fruit juice clarification

Xiaohua Lu,Jianguo Lin,Changgao Wang,Xin Du,Jun Cai 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5

The purification and characterization of the extracellular polygalacturonase from Zygoascus hellenicus V25 submerged culture using orange peel waste were investigated. This polygalacturonase, with a molecular weight of 75.28 kDa, was purified to 16.89 purification fold with a recovery of 18.46% and specific activity of 2469.77 U/mg protein by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE cellulose chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at 60oC and pH 5.0 and was stable over a wide range of pH levels (3.0-11.0). Moreover, enzyme activity was enhanced by Cu2+ and cysteine, whereas it was strongly inhibited by Hg2+. The extent of enzymatic hydrolysis was negatively correlated with the degree of pectin esterification. Km and Vmax values of the polygalacturonase were 5.44 mg/mL and 61.73 μmol/(min·mg), respectively. The polygalacturonase was applied in the juice clarification of four fruits, and results showed that the percentage transmittance at 660 nm increased by 3.51, 4.36, 8.04, and 12.2%.

Outcomes of Posterior Lumbar Hemivertebra Resection and Short Fusion in Patients With Severe Sacral Tilt

Shengru Wang,Jianguo Zhang,Yanbin Zhang,You Du,Yang Yang,Guanfeng Lin 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.3

Objective: To introduce surgical strategies to restore coronal balance during limited fusion for early lumbar hemivertebra resection in patients with severe sacral tilt. Methods: Sacral tilt was defined as a sacral tilt angle ≥5, and severe sacral tilt was defined as a sacral tilt angle >10. From July 2004 to December 2017, 73 consecutive patients treated with posterior hemivertebra resection and short fusion in our institution were evaluated. Severe sacral tilt was noted in 26 patients (14 boys and 12 girls), and all were enrolled in this study. Undercorrection of the primary lumbar curve as compensation for the sacral tilt and short fusion was performed in these patients. The medical charts and imaging data of the patients were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the outcomes. Results: All patients were followed for at least 2 years. The mean age at the time of surgery was 3.7 (2–9) years old, with a total of 31 lumbar hemivertebra excised. On average, 2.8 (2–5) segments were fused for each patient. Sacral tilt minimally improved from 14.5° preoperatively to 13.6° postoperatively (p=0.15) and remained stable at the follow-up. The overall lumbar curve was 41.9° preoperatively, 11.7° immediately postoperatively, and 14.6° at the final follow-up. The segmental scoliosis curve was 39.1° preoperatively, 9.7° immediately postoperatively, and 11.2° at the final follow-up. Segmental kyphosis was corrected from 27.2° to 6.5° after the surgery and was 7.1° at the latest follow-up. Conclusion: Sacral tilt is seen in patients with congenital scoliosis in lumbar hemivertebra. Undercorrection of the lumbar curve and segmental scoliosis to compensate for sacral tilt and short fusion after hemivertebra resection may be helpful to restore coronal balance and preserve mobility in segments in patients with pronounced severe sacral tilt.

The effect of environmental innovation behavior on economic and environmental performance of 182 Chinese firms

LONG Xingle,CHEN Yaqiong,DU Jianguo,OH Keunyeob,HAN Insoo,YAN Jinhua 한국무역학회 2017 한국무역학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2017 No.11

Purification and characterization of exo-polygalacturonase from Zygoascus hellenicus V25 and its potential application in fruit juice clarification

Lu, Xiaohua,Lin, Jianguo,Wang, Changgao,Du, Xin,Cai, Jun 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.5

The purification and characterization of the extracellular polygalacturonase from Zygoascus hellenicus V25 submerged culture using orange peel waste were investigated. This polygalacturonase, with a molecular weight of 75.28 kDa, was purified to 16.89 purification fold with a recovery of 18.46% and specific activity of 2469.77 U/mg protein by ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE cellulose chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at $60^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0 and was stable over a wide range of pH levels (3.0-11.0). Moreover, enzyme activity was enhanced by $Cu^{2+}$ and cysteine, whereas it was strongly inhibited by $Hg^{2+}$. The extent of enzymatic hydrolysis was negatively correlated with the degree of pectin esterification. $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ values of the polygalacturonase were 5.44 mg/mL and $61.73{\mu}mol/(min{\cdot}mg)$, respectively. The polygalacturonase was applied in the juice clarification of four fruits, and results showed that the percentage transmittance at 660 nm increased by 3.51, 4.36, 8.04, and 12.2%.

The effect of environmental innovation behavior on economic and environmental performance of 182 Chinese firms

Long, Xingle,Chen, Yaqiong,Du, Jianguo,Oh, Keunyeob,Han, Insoo,Yan, Jinhua Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.166 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper investigated the role of environmental innovation behavior in the economic and environmental performance of 182 Chinese firms. We established an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) model and proposed seven hypotheses by combining TPB and environmental innovation theory. Through structure equation model, we found that attitude toward environment behavior, subjective environmental norm, perceived environment behavioral control positively impact environmental innovation intention. Environmental innovation behavior had a 0.232 larger effect on environmental performance than on economic performance. Production processes have a 0.028 greater positive influence on environmental performance than on economic performance. Enhancing environmental innovation promotes sustainable development. It is important to strengthen cleaner production processes to reduce environmental pollution. It is a significant obligation to conduct environment-related education or training for personnel within firms.</P>

Environmental innovation and its impact on economic and environmental performance: Evidence from Korean-owned firms in China

Long, Xingle,Chen, Yaqiong,Du, Jianguo,Oh, Keunyeob,Han, Insoo Elsevier 2017 Energy Policy Vol.107 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This paper analyses the impact of environmental innovation on the economic and environmental performance of Korean-owned firms in China. We establish a theoretical model and propose eight hypotheses, which combine TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) with theories of global environmental management and environmental innovation. We analyse the determinants of environmental innovation intention. We also analyse the effects of environmental innovation behavior on economic performance and environmental performance in different provinces and of different corporate ownership. We find that environmental innovation behavior has a greater effect on environmental performance than economic performance. Innovation in production processes, in particular, positively affects environmental performance for Korean-owned firms in Jiangsu. We also find that wholly Korean-owned firms (WKOEs) are more receptive to environmental innovation than Sino-Korean joint ventures. It is important to enhance environmental innovation within Korean-owned firms in China. Environmental innovation should concentrate on improving production processes in Jiangsu.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Environmental innovation behavior has a greater effect on environmental performance than economic performance. </LI> <LI> Innovation in production processes positively affects environmental performance for Korean-owned firms in Jiangsu. </LI> <LI> Environmental innovation should concentrate on improving production processes in Jiangsu. </LI> </UL> </P>

Biotransformation and detoxification of aflatoxin B₁ by extracellular extract of Cladosporium uredinicola

Shao, Shuai,Cai, Jun,Du, Xin,Wang, ChangGao,Lin, JianGuo,Dai, Jun 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

Aflatoxin contamination of food and grain poses a serious economic and health problem globally. Aflatoxin $B_1$ ($AFB_1$) is extremely mutagenic and toxic as well as a potent carcinogen to both humans and livestock. In this study, the degradation of $AFB_1$ by extracellular extract of Cladosporium uredinicola was examined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Within 24 h of incubation, $AFB_1$ was efficiently eliminated by the culture supernatant of C. uredinicola ($84.5{\pm}5.7%$) at $37^{\circ}C$; the elimination was proven to be enzymatic, and the enzyme was thermostable. The biotransformation products of $AFB_1$ detected by HPLC and TLC were proven to be the same compound. Analysis with LCMS showed that $AFB_1$ was bio-transformed to a structurally different compound ($m/z=365[M+Na]^+$), which is first reported. The cytotoxicity study to HeLa cells indicated that culture supernatant-treated $AFB_1$ is less toxic as compared with $AFB_1$.

Lowest Instrumented Vertebra at L3 Versus L4 in Posterior Fusion for Moderate Lenke 5C Type Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Case-Match Radiological Study

Zhiyi Li,You Du,Yiwei Zhao,Guanfeng Lin,Haoran Zhang,Chenkai Li,Xiaohan Ye,Yang Yang,Shengru Wang,Jianguo Zhang 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: To compare the radiological outcomes in Lenke 5C type patients whose lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) was L3 or L4 in a case-match study. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-match study and included 82 patients in the study. Radiological results before surgery, after surgery, and at last follow-up were recorded and analyzed in the L3 and L4 groups. Results: After matching the age, Risser’s sign, sex, and main Cobb, 41 pairs of patients were enrolled in our study. The total fusion segments in the L3 group (median [interquartile range]: 5.0 [6.0–5.0]) were shorter than those in the L4 group (6.0 [6.5–6.0]). The main curve was significantly corrected after surgery in both groups, and was comparable at the last followup between groups. In addition, according to the results of Fisher precision probability test, there was no significant difference of coronal or sagittal imbalance between the 2 groups at the 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: The correction in coronal and sagittal planes in L3 group and L4 group remains similar. On account of more motion segments, L3 could be an ideal choice as LIV in moderate Lenke 5C type AIS. Long-term follow-up is needed to evaluate the effect of larger compensatory lumbar-sacral curve when stopping at L3.

Traditional Dual Growing Rods With 2 Different Apical Control Techniques in the Treatment of Early-Onset Scoliosis

Shengru Wang,Yiwei Zhao,Guanfeng Lin,You Du,Yang Yang,Jianguo Zhang 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.3

Objective: Based on traditional dual growing rods (TDGR), apical control techniques (ACTs) were introduced as adjuvant procedures to improve deformity correction at the apex segment in the treatment of early-onset scoliosis (EOS). We aimed to explore whether TDGR+ ACTs have different indications, attain more deformity correction, have negative effects on spinal growth, and have different complications. Methods: Between 2004 and 2019, a retrospective study of EOS patients treated with TDGR with or without ACTs was conducted and divided into 3 groups: TDGR group; hybrid technique (HT) group: Vertebrectomy/hemivertebrectomy with short fusion and TDGR; ACPS group: apical convex control pedicle screws (ACPS) and TDGR. Demographic, radiographic parameters, clinical outcomes, complications, and revisions were analyzed and compared. Results: Seventy-eight EOS patients were enrolled. The preoperative main curve was the largest in the HT group. ACPS group had the smallest residual curve (19° ± 8.9°) and apical vertebral translation (12.0 ± 9.0 mm) at the latest follow-up, followed by the HT group (30° ± 17.4°, 22.1 ± 13.4 mm) and TDGR group (30° ± 13.2°, 32.8 ± 17.1 mm). ACPS group had the largest T1–12 height and T1–S1 height after index surgery. Complications and revisions in the ACTs groups was lower than the TDGR group. Scoliosis Research Society-22 self-image questionnaire was superior in the ACPS group. Conclusion: According to our intermediate results, TDGR+ACTs could improve correction ability of apex deformity. ACTs had little deleterious effects on spinal height during the lengthening procedures, with a lower complication rate than TDGR. TDGR+ACTs might be a supplemental option for suitable EOS patients.

Biotransformation and detoxification of aflatoxin B1 by extracellular extract of Cladosporium uredinicola

Shuai Shao,Jun Cai,Xin Du,Changgao Wang,Jianguo Lin,Jun Dai 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.6

Aflatoxin contamination of food and grain poses a serious economic and health problem globally. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is extremely mutagenic and toxic as well as a potent carcinogen to both humans and livestock. In this study, the degradation of AFB1 by extracellular extract of Cladosporium uredinicola was examined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Within 24 h of incubation, AFB1 was efficiently eliminated by the culture supernatant of C. uredinicola (84.5±5.7%) at 37oC; the elimination was proven to be enzymatic, and the enzyme was thermostable. The biotransformation products of AFB1 detected by HPLC and TLC were proven to be the same compound. Analysis with LCMS showed that AFB1 was bio-transformed to a structurally different compound (m/z=365 [M+Na]+), which is first reported. The cytotoxicity study to HeLa cells indicated that culture supernatant-treated AFB1 is less toxic as compared with AFB1.