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Jack Jr., Clifford R.,Garwood, Michael,Wengenack, Thomas M.,Borowski, Bret,Curran, Geoffrey L.,Lin, Joseph,Adriany, Gregor,Grö,hn, Olli H. J.,Grimm, Roger,Poduslo, Joseph F. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2004 Magnetic resonance in medicine Vol.52 No.6
<P>One of the cardinal pathologic features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the formation of senile, or amyloid, plaques. Transgenic mice have been developed that express one or more of the genes responsible for familial AD in humans. Doubly transgenic mice develop “human-like” plaques, providing a mechanism to study amyloid plaque biology in a controlled manner. Imaging of labeled plaques has been accomplished with other modalities, but only MRI has sufficient spatial and contrast resolution to visualize individual plaques noninvasively. Methods to optimize visualization of plaques in vivo in transgenic mice at 9.4 T using a spin echo sequence based on adiabatic pulses are described. Preliminary results indicate that a spin echo acquisition more accurately reflects plaque size, while a T<SUB>2</SUB>* weighted gradient echo sequence reflects plaque iron content, not plaque size. In vivo MRI–ex vivo MRI–in vitro histologic correlations are provided. Histologically verified plaques as small as 50 μm in diameter were visualized in living animals. To our knowledge this work represents the first demonstration of noninvasive in vivo visualization of individual AD plaques without the use of a contrast agent. Magn Reson Med 52:1263–1271, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
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Brannan E. O’Neill,Jamila A. Godil,Spencer Smith,Ali I. Rae,Christina H. Wright,James M. Wright,Donald A. Ross,Josiah N. Orina,Jesse J. Liu,Clifford Lin,Travis C. Philipp,Jonathan Kark,Jung U. Yoo,Won 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4
Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the utilization of kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty procedures in the management of compression fractures. With the growing elderly population and the associated increase in rates of osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures have become a daily encounter for spine surgeons. However, there remains a lack of consensus on the optimal management of this patient population. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 91 million longitudinally followed patients from 2016 to 2019 was performed using the PearlDiver Patient Claims Database. Patients with compression fractures were identified using International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision codes, and a subset of patients who received kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty were identified using Common Procedural Terminology codes. Baseline demographic and clinical data between groups were acquired. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty. Results: A total of 348,457 patients with compression fractures were identified with 9.2% of patients receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty as their initial treatment. Of these patients, 43.5% underwent additional kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty 30 days after initial intervention. Patients receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty were significantly older (72.2 vs. 67.9, p < 0.05), female, obese, had active smoking status and had higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index scores. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that female sex, smoking status, and obesity were the 3 strongest predictors of receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty (odds ratio, 1.27, 1.24, and 1.14, respectively). The annual rate of kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty did not change significantly (range, 8%–11%). Conclusion: The majority of vertebral compression fractures are managed nonoperatively. However, certain patient factors such as smoking status, obesity, female sex, older age, osteoporosis, and greater comorbidities are predictors of undergoing kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty.
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