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3상 생물막 유동상 반응기를 이용한 피혁폐수처리에 관한 연구
임경택,김춘희,손희정 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1996 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.2
The object of this study is to survey the effect of media concentration, tannery wastewater hydraulic loading rate and its organic shock loading on substrate removal efficiency and biofilm, in the three-phase biofilm fluidised bed reactor (BFBR). The conclusions from experiment are as following : 1. MLVSS volume was increased with increasing volumetric loading rate. Behind 3.5 kgCOD/ ㎥-day, the substrate removal efficiency was observed above 90%. 2. The mean biofilm thickness was 163 μm and the highest dry biofilm density was observed 0.087 gVSS/㎤, during operation period. 3. With influent COD_(Cr), changes from 800 mg/l to 1,700 mg/l, the biofilm thickness was increased to 181 ㎛ and dry density was decreased to 0.063 gVSS/㎤.
Chun, Sungwoo,Son, Wonkyeong,Kim, Da Wan,Lee, Jihyun,Min, Hyeongho,Jung, Hachul,Kwon, Dahye,Kim, A-Hee,Kim, Young-Jin,Lim, Sang Kyoo,Pang, Changhyun,Choi, Changsoon American Chemical Society 2019 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.11 No.18
<P>Wearable and skin-attachable electronics with portable/wearable and stretchable smart sensors are essential for health-care monitoring devices or systems. The property of adhesion to the skin in both dry and wet environments is strongly required for efficient monitoring of various human activities. We report here a facile, low-cost, scalable fabrication method for skin-adhesive graphene-coated fabric (GCF) sensors that are sensitive and respond fast to applied pressure and strain. With octopus-like patterns formed on the side of the GCF that touches the skin, the GCF adheres strongly to the skin in both dry and wet environments. Using these characteristics, we demonstrate efficient monitoring of a full range of human activities, including human physiological signals such as wrist pulse and electrocardiography (ECG), as well as body motions and speech vibrations. In particular, both measurements of ECG and wrist-bending motions were demonstrated even in wet conditions. Our approach has opened up a new possibility for wearable and skin-adherent electronic fabric sensors working even in wet environments for health-care monitoring and medical applications in vitro and in vivo.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Chun Hwan Kim,Seung Ho Jeon,Ki Cheol Seong,Doo Kyong Moon,Young Bin Jung,Chan Kyu Lim,Seong Cheol Kim,Daniel Son 한국국제농업개발학회 2016 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.28 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various mulching materials on growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). Three kinds of polyethylene (PE) mulching materials were used which are: black (Black), green (Green), and white and black on both sides (White), black non-woven fabric (Fabric), and barley straw (Straw) and the control plot (Control) were also used in this study. The change of soil temperature was observed in various mulching materials with Green showing the highest average temperature of 24.4o, followed by Black > Fabric > Control > White > Straw. The variation of plant length,, aboveground weight, and root weight were constant in the order of Green > Black > White > Fabric > Control > Straw. Total yield (number of fruits) were 281,000 in Green which was the highest yield, and the least was from Straw which was 62.3% of Green. Total weight of fruits in Green was 395 kg which was the heaviest, and in Straw was least with 226 kg Hence, the weight of fruits
A Novel Method for Porous Chitosan Scaffold
Lim, Jin Ik,Kim, Gun Woo,Na, Jae Sik,Noh, In Sup,Son, Young Sook,Kim, Chun Ho Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2007 Key Engineering Materials Vol.342-343 No.-
<P>This study is to develop a novel method for preparation of the chitosan scaffold having interconnected open pore structure and controlled pore distribution. For this, the effects of addition of non-solvent on chitosan solution were estimated. The porous scaffolds were typically prepared by solid-liquid separation and subsequent sublimation of solvent. Alcohol was used as non-solvent for chitosan. The difference of freezing temperature of each of the components induced the liquidliquid and the liquid-solid phase separation via demixing solution (solvent/non-solvent/chitosan). The morphology, heterogeneous pore distribution and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were examined. The addition of non-solvent in chitosan solution was to make the controlled homogeneous micropores and improved interconnectivity between pores without any surface skin layer. For control chitosan scaffold, the pore size was mainly about 80~100 μm. On the contrary, Pore diameters could be controlled mainly within the range 30~100 μm, with a variation of solvent/non-solvent ratio. The number of minute pore (4~25 μm) over chitosan scaffold increased with increasing ratio of non-solvent. New prepared scaffold exhibited larger value of breaking elongation, more elasticity, but less tensile strength than that of control scaffold.</P>
한국산 파인애플에서 분리한 bromelain 의 정제와 특성
임성일,조영제,최청,손규목,천성숙,석영란 한국농화학회 1992 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.35 No.1
Bromelain was purified from Korean pineapple, Ananas comosus, L. The enzyme was purified about 21 fold by DEAF-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. Purified enzyme was confirmed as active single band by polyacrylamide electrophoresis and the molecular weight was estimated to be about 22,000 by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH and temperature were 6.0 and 60℃, respectively. The range of its stability to the pH and temperature were respectively 5.0 to 7.0 and below 50℃. It was found that Mn^(2+) increased the enzyme activity, whereas Mg^(2+) and Fe^(2+) decreased it abruptly. The purified enzyme was inhibited by ρ-chloromercuribenzoic acid, indicating that reactive SH groups are required for the enzyme activity. The reaction of the enzyme followed typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km value of 5.747×10^(-4) M and Vmax of 131.58 ㎍/min for casein. When meat was treated with the enzyme, free soluble nitrogen and amino acid nitrogen increased as enzyme concentration increased.
Chun, Chi-Sung,Kim, Ji-Hyun,Lim, Hyun-Ae,Sohn, Ho-Yong,Son, Kun-Ho,Kim, Young-Kyoon,Kim, Jong-Sang,Kwon, Chong-Suk The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.2
The free radical scavenging activities and the protective effects of Rhus javanica extracts against oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated. n-Hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions were prepared from a methanol extract. DPPH radical, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were estimated. Intracellular ROS formation was quantified using fluorescent probes, 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) for hydroxyl radical and dihydroethidium (DHE) for superoxide anion. The oxidative DNA damage was investigated by the comet assay in HepG$_2$ cells exposed either to $H_2O$$_2$ or to menadione. The highest $IC_{50}$/ values for DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in the ethyl acetate fraction with a value of 5.38 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. Cells pretreated with $\geq$ 1 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL of the ethyl acetate extract had significantly increased cell viability compared to control cells, which were not pretreated with the extract. Intracellular ROS formation and DNA damage in HepG$_2$ cells, which were pretreated with the various concentrations of Rhus javanica ethyl acetate extract and then incubated either with $H_2O$$_2$ or with menadione, reduced in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that Rhus javanica might have biologically active components which have strong protective effects against ROS induced oxidative damages to the biomolecules, such as cell membranes and DNA.
Chun, Sungwoo,Son, Wonkyeong,Kim, Haeyeon,Lim, Sang Kyoo,Pang, Changhyun,Choi, Changsoon American Chemical Society 2019 Nano letters Vol.19 No.5
<P>Finger skin electronics are essential for realizing humanoid soft robots and/or medical applications that are very similar to human appendages. A selective sensitivity to pressure and vibration that are indispensable for tactile sensing is highly desirable for mimicking sensory mechanoreceptors in skin. Additionally, for a human-machine interaction, output signals of a skin sensor should be highly correlated to human neural spike signals. As a demonstration of fully mimicking the skin of a human finger, we propose a self-powered flexible neural tactile sensor (NTS) that mimics all the functions of human finger skin and that is selectively and sensitively activated by either pressure or vibration stimuli with laminated independent sensor elements. A sensor array of ultrahigh-density pressure (20 × 20 pixels on 4 cm<SUP>2</SUP>) of interlocked percolative graphene films is fabricated to detect pressure and its distribution by mimicking slow adaptive (SA) mechanoreceptors in human skin. A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was laminated on the sensor array to detect high-frequency vibrations like fast adaptive (FA) mechanoreceptors, as well as produce electric power by itself. Importantly, each output signal for the SA- and FA-mimicking sensors was very similar to real neural spike signals produced by SA and FA mechanoreceptors in human skin, thus making it easy to convert the sensor signals into neural signals that can be perceived by humans. By introducing microline patterns on the top surface of the NTS to mimic structural and functional properties of a human fingerprint, the integrated NTS device was capable of classifying 12 fabrics possessing complex patterns with 99.1% classification accuracy.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>