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Koh, Young Jun,Koh, Bong Ihn,Kim, Honsoul,Joo, Hyung Joon,Jin, Ho Kyoung,Jeon, Jongwook,Choi, Chulhee,Lee, Dong Hun,Chung, Jin Ho,Cho, Chung-Hyun,Park, Won Seok,Ryu, Ji-Kan,Suh, Jun Kyu,Koh, Gou Young Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2011 Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol.31 No.5
Lee, Yeongjoon,Kwak, Chulhee,Jeong, Ki-Woong,Durai, Prasannavenkatesh,Ryu, Kyoung-Seok,Kim, Eun-Hee,Cheong, Chaejoon,Ahn, Hee-Chul,Kim, Hak Jun,Kim, Yangmee American Chemical Society 2018 Biochemistry Vol.57 No.26
<P>Cold-shock proteins (Csps) are expressed at lower-than-optimum temperatures, and they function as RNA chaperones; however, no structural studies on psychrophilic Csps have been reported. Here, we aimed to investigate the structure and dynamics of the Csp of psychrophile <I>Colwellia psychrerythraea</I> 34H, (<I>Cp</I>-Csp). Although <I>Cp</I>-Csp shares sequence homology, common folding patterns, and motifs, including a five β-stranded barrel, with its thermophilic counterparts, its thermostability (37 °C) was markedly lower than those of other Csps. <I>Cp</I>-Csp binds heptathymidine with an affinity of 10<SUP>-7</SUP> M, thereby increasing its thermostability to 50 °C. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of the <I>Cp</I>-Csp structure and backbone dynamics revealed a flexible structure with only one salt bridge and 10 residues in the hydrophobic cavity. Notably, <I>Cp</I>-Csp contains Tyr51 instead of the conserved Phe in the hydrophobic core, and its phenolic hydroxyl group projects toward the surface. The Y51F mutation increased the stability of hydrophobic packing and may have allowed for the formation of a K3-E21 salt bridge, thereby increasing its thermostability to 43 °C. <I>Cp</I>-Csp exhibited conformational exchanges in its ribonucleoprotein motifs 1 and 2 (754 and 642 s<SUP>-1</SUP>), and heptathymidine binding markedly decreased these motions. <I>Cp-</I>Csp lacks salt bridges and has longer flexible loops and a less compact hydrophobic cavity resulting from Tyr51 compared to mesophilic and thermophilic Csps. These might explain the low thermostability of <I>Cp</I>-Csp. The conformational flexibility of <I>Cp-</I>Csp facilitates its accommodation of nucleic acids at low temperatures in polar oceans and its function as an RNA chaperone for cold adaptation.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
An Analysis of Withdrawn Shareholder Proposals
Maggie Foley,Richard Cebula,Chulhee Jun,Robert Boylan 한국재무학회 2014 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.08
In this study we analyze withdrawn shareholder proposals to gain insight into the role of shareholder proposals in the governance of public corporations. A cursory look at the data suggests that unions are the most likely group to withdraw proposals. We focus on the behavior of unions and find that unions often resubmit a shareholder proposal which had garnered significant support in the previous year, only to withdraw the proposal in the second year. Interestingly, about fifty percent of those resubmitted proposals are withdrawn but are not resubmitted in year 3 or later. Our contention is that the proposals were withdrawn in year 2 because the issue was settled in a manner agreeable to the union. Furthermore, our research suggests that unions are more likely to withdraw proposals when the prior years’ appeal is higher, when firms have a record of poor performance, lower insider ownership, or relatively independent boards. This phenomenon suggests that unions submit and withdraw shareholder proposals strategically. We contend that unions use shareholder proposals and the withdrawal of proposals to improve conditions for union workers at the expense of shareholder value.
Park, Sang-Wook,Jun Koh, Young,Jeon, Jongwook,Cho, Yun-Hee,Jang, Mi-Jin,Kang, Yujung,Kim, Min-Jeong,Choi, Chulhee,Sook Cho, Yee,Chung, Hyung-Min,Young Koh, Gou,Han, Yong-Mahn American Society of Hematology 2010 Blood Vol.116 No.25
<B>Abstract</B><P>Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into functional cell types is a crucial step in cell therapy. In the present study, we demonstrate that functional CD34+ progenitor cells can be efficiently produced from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) by combined modulation of 2 signaling pathways. A higher proportion of CD34+ cells (∼ 20%) could be derived from hPSCs by inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling and activation of bone morphogenic protein-4 (BMP4) signaling. hPSC-derived CD34+ progenitor cells further developed to endothelial and smooth muscle cells with functionality. Moreover, they contributed directly to neovasculogenesis in ischemic mouse hind limbs, thereby resulting in improved blood perfusion and limb salvage. Our results suggest that combined modulation of signaling pathways may be an efficient means of differentiating hPSCs into functional CD34+ progenitor cells.</P>
Causal interpretation with board characteristics : Caveat emptor
Jong-Min Kim,Chulhee Jun,Hope H. Han 한국재무학회 2020 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.08
The study of a causal interpretation of board and firm characteristics, that is, a hidden dependence relationship on the causal inference among board and firm characteristics, is an important but unaddressed issue in the corporate governance literature. Using diverse advanced statistical methods and focusing on Tobin’s Q, we find that i) not all board variables previously found to be significant are “robust” to latent variable data analysis, and ii) those variables that are consistently significant differ markedly in latent structural equation analysis. Our analyses provide researchers interested in board issues with an important caveat: focusing on the dependence structure of available board variables affected by latent factors may introduce a new horizon in corporate finance.