Extended Whole-body Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT in evaluating Tumour-Induced Osteomalacia: Case report and review of literature

Teik Hin Tan,Ew-Jun Chen,Ming Tsuey Chew,Ping Ching Chye,Ming Wong 대한핵의학회 2021 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.55 No.3

Tumour-induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome that manifests as chronic hypophosphataemia, non-specific bone pain and muscle weakness. It is generally caused by phosphaturic mesenchymal tumour (PMT), which is uncommonly associated with synchronous tumours. However, diagnosis is often delayed for several years due to the rarity, indolent growing nature and non-specific symptoms of the disease, often resulting in an overlook by clinicians during assessments. The patient initially presented with hypophosphataemia and generalised skeletal pain with multiple atraumatic fractures. Blood tests revealed serum calcium levels at the upper limit and extremely low inorganic phosphate levels. Herein, we report a case where two synchronous PMTs from two different sites were detected by ‘extended’ whole-body Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT, leading to remission of the disease after complete surgical removal. Early detection and diagnosis of PMT neoplasm is crucial, as complete surgical resection of this tumour is the only definitive treatment currently known. Upon excision, this curable disease will result in complete resolution of symptoms and blood parameters, leading to remission of the disease which significantly improves the patient’s quality of life. PMT often over-expresses somatostatin receptors (SSTR), predominantly subtype 2A, and Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT is a selective SSTR imaging that targets this characteristic over-expression in these tumours. The high diagnostic accuracy of Ga-68 DOTATATE PET-CT should be the primary imaging modality for full evaluation of this disease.

Thermally Self-Healable Titanium Dioxide/Polyurethane Nanocomposites with Recoverable Mechanical and Dielectric Properties

Xudong Wu,Jingyu Huang,Shuhui Yu,Panpan Ruan,Rong Sun,Ching-Ping Wong 한국고분자학회 2020 Macromolecular Research Vol.28 No.4

Dielectric materials with self-healing property after the occurrence of detrimental events such as tearing or scratch are highly desired, which guarantees reliability and lifetime of the electric and electronic systems. Here, a self-healing covalently bonded titanium dioxide/polyurethane (TiO2/PU) nanocomposite with enhanced dielectric constant was prepared by in-situ polymerization based upon Diels-Alder reaction. The PU prepolymer was prepared from TiO2, poly(tetramethylene glycol) and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate. Then the linking between the prepolymer and Diels-Alder adducts of bifunctional maleimide blocked by furfuryl alcohol was carried out. The in-situ polymerization method allows the TiO2 filler, the PU polymer matrix, and the DA healing portion to be tightly connected, resulting in a stable nanocomposite system. Due to the reversibility of covalent bonds, the TiO2/PU nanocomposites exhibited thermal self-healing properties after being cut. The dielectric constant and loss, mechanical properties can be effectively restored to their original state after damage.

Self-Healing and Shape Memory Linear Polyurethane Based on Disulfide Linkages with Excellent Mechanical Property

Lei Ling,Jinhui Li,Guoping Zhang,Rong Sun,Ching-Ping Wong 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.4

Self-healing polymeric materials have attracted extensively interests due to the ability to heal the damage autonomously. The self-healing systems based on dynamic disulfide bonds have been the most promising due to the efficient healing capacity at a mild condition. However, it is still of great challenge for designing the polymer with excellent mechanical and self-healing property by a simple synthetic route. Herein, a novel series of self-healing linear polyurethanes with the disulfide linkage as the grafting point were developed. The synthetic polymers all exhibited excellent mechanical properties (breaking strength and elongation at break were as much as 31.91 MPa and 1156% for PU-A). Meanwhile, the effects of different ratios of soft/hard segments on the mechanical properties and healing efficiencies have been investigated by stress-strain tests. The results showed that with the increase of soft segments contents, the breaking strength and elongation at break of the polymer improved significantly, while the healing efficiency and Young’s modulus showed a declining trend. The self-healing polyurethane can quickly restore its over 90% of mechanical property after healing at moderate temperature for 10 min. The cyclic tensile tests also showed the dissipated efficiencies and self-recovery abilities of the polymers. Finally, the recovery capability tests verified the shape memory effect in the polymers, which can replace an external force to accelerate the healing process.

Molecular Level Study of Graphene Networks Functionalized with Phenylenediamine Monomers for Supercapacitor Electrodes

Song, Bo,Choi, Ji Il,Zhu, Yuntong,Geng, Zhishuai,Zhang, Le,Lin, Ziyin,Tuan, Chia-chi,Moon, Kyoung-sik,Wong, Ching-ping American Chemical Society 2016 Chemistry of materials Vol.28 No.24

<P>Three phenylenediamine (PD) monomers, o-phenylenediamine (OPD), m-phenylenediamine (MPD), and p-phenylenediamine (PPD), were used to prepare the functionalized graphene (PD/rGO) networks. The results obtained from a series of chemical, thermal, and rheological analyses elucidated the mechanism of the covalent bonding and the existence of cross-linked graphene networks. The measured XRD patterns and molecular dynamic calculations discovered that those PPD and MPD molecules could enlarge graphene interlayer spacing to 1.41 and 1.30 nm, respectively, while OPD molecules were disorderly bonded or nonbonded to the basal planes of graphene layers, resulting in small and variable inter layer distances. The loadings of PD monomers were optimized to achieve superior supercapacitor performance. Electrochemical study showed that PPD/rGO exhibited the largest specific capacitance of 422 F/g with excellent cycling stability and low charge transfer resistance. The large variations in the capacitance values among PD/rGO networks with different PD monomers were explained by the difference in the graphene nanostructures, reversible redox transitions, and charge transfer characteristics. Particularly, density function theory calculations were adopted to compare electronic properties of the PD/rGO composites, including formation energy, electron density distribution, HOMO energy levels, and electron density of states near the Fermi level.</P>

High Refractive Index and Transparent Nanocomposites as Encapsulant for High Brightness LED Packaging

Yan Liu,Ziyin Lin,Xueying Zhao,Chia-Chi Tuan,Kyoung-Sik Moon,Sehoon Yoo,Myoung-Gi Jang,Ching-ping Wong IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on components, packaging, and ma Vol.4 No.7

<P>A high refractive index (RI) and transparent encapsulant material is in great demand for light emitting diode (LED) packaging to lower the RI contrasts between a LED chip and an encapsulant, and therefore improve the light extraction efficiency. In this paper, we prepared TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/silicone nanocomposites and studied the effects of the crystalline phases of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, and the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surface modifications on their optical properties. The rutile TiO<SUB>2</SUB> was found to be more effective to increase the RI of the nanocomposite than the anatase phase TiO<SUB>2</SUB>. At a 5 wt.% loading of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, the RI was as high as 1.62 at the wavelength of 589 nm, which represents a significant improvement from 1.54 for silicone resin. In addition, surface modification was carried out using vinyl-terminated silane to improve the dispersion of nanoparticles in a silicone matrix, leading to a high relative transmittance of 84%. We also demonstrated that the optical property degradation of the nanocomposites in this paper was negligible after the accelerated reliability test.</P>

2D layer-embedded transparent photovoltaics

Patel, Malkeshkumar,Nguyen, Thanh Tai,Kumar, Mohit,Ban, Dong-Kyun,Won, Dongyeun,Zhao, Mali,Kim, Joondong,Kim, Yu Kwon,Yang, Heejun,Wong, Ching-Ping Elsevier 2020 Nano energy Vol.68 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Transparent photovoltaics (TPV) is an efficient and practical way of producing renewable energy. While optimizing visible transmission and light-matter interaction in semiconductors is a critical challenge in the TPV, using two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors has been considered a promising solution for the TPV due to their high quantum yield and stability. The remained challenges with 2D semiconductors for the TPV are non-scalability in the fabrication method and the limited power generation with low open-circuit voltages. Here, we report wafer-scale TPV based on tin sulfide (SnS) with a sulfur-rich nanoplatelet geometry. The sulfur-rich SnS nanoplatelets originate from the unique thermodynamic nature of the growth process from confined tin and sulfur vapors between a solid SnS source and variable substrates in close proximity. The ultraviolet-selective photovoltaics with SnS via proximity vapor transfer demonstrates stable and balanced light-matter interaction: visible transmission of 60%, an open-circuit voltage of 0.7 V, and an output power of 6 mW by a 60 mW light. Our wafer-scale SnS overcomes current issues on stability and visible transmission for practical TPV.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Proximity vapor transfer, a unique wafer-scale fabrication method is conceptualized. </LI> <LI> Substrate-free dry transfer of SnS with transparent photovoltaics is reported. </LI> <LI> Optimum light-matter interaction in nanoplatelets acknowledge transparent device. </LI> <LI> Transparent solar cell moves 6 mW electric fan. </LI> <LI> Transparent solar cell exhibit excellent stability over a 1 year. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>