White-light crosslinkable milk protein bioadhesive with ultrafast gelation for first-aid wound treatment

Zhu Qinchao,Zhou Xuhao,Zhang Yanan,Ye Di,Yu Kang,Cao Wangbei,Zhang Liwen,Zheng Houwei,Sun Ziyang,Guo Chengchen,Hong Xiaoqian,Zhu Yang,Zhang Yajun,Xiao Ying,Valencak Teresa G.,Ren Tanchen,Ren Daxi 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background : Post-traumatic massive hemorrhage demands immediately available first-aid supplies with reduced operation time and good surgical compliance. In-situ crosslinking gels that are flexibly adapting to the wound shape have a promising potential, but it is still hard to achieve fast gelation, on-demand adhesion, and wide feasibility at the same time. Methods : A white-light crosslinkable natural milk-derived casein hydrogel bioadhesive is presented for the first time. Benefiting from abundant tyrosine residues, casein hydrogel bioadhesive was synthesized by forming di-tyrosine bonds under white light with a ruthenium-based catalyst. We firstly optimized the concentration of proteins and initiators to achieve faster gelation and higher mechanical strength. Then, we examined the degradation, cytotoxicity, tissue adhesion, hemostasis, and wound healing ability of the casein hydrogels to study their potential to be used as bioadhesives. Result : Rapid gelation of casein hydrogel is initiated with an outdoor flashlight, a cellphone flashlight, or an endoscopy lamp, which facilitates its usage during first-aid and minimally invasive operations. The rapid gelation enables 3D printing of the casein hydrogel and excellent hemostasis even during liver hemorrhage due to section injury. The covalent binding between casein and tissue enables robust adhesion which can withstand more than 180 mmHg blood pressure. Moreover, the casein-based hydrogel can facilitate post-traumatic wound healing caused by trauma due to its biocompatibility. Conclusion : Casein-based bioadhesives developed in this study pave a way for broad and practical application in emergency wound management.

Development and manufacturing of a surgical simulator based on virtual reality

Di Cao,Ao Zhang,Xiaojun Chen 한국생산제조학회 2014 한국생산제조시스템학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.9(2)

Microwave-assisted low-temperature hydrothermal treatment of red seaweed (<i>Gracilaria lemaneiformis</i>) for production of levulinic acid and algae hydrochar

Cao, Leichang,Yu, Iris K.M.,Cho, Dong-Wan,Wang, Di,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Zhang, Shicheng,Ding, Shiming,Wang, Linling,Ok, Yong Sik Elsevier 2019 Bioresource technology Vol.273 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, red seaweed (<I>Gracilaria lemaneiformis</I>) food waste with high carbohydrate content was valorized into levulinic acid (LA) and algae hydrochar through microwave-assisted low-temperature hydrothermal treatment in dilute acid solution. Various parameters including treatment temperature (160–200 °C), reaction time (1–40 min), acid concentration (0–0.6 M), and biomass-to-liquid ratio (1%–10%, w/v) were examined. The energy efficiency and carbon recovery of the proposed process were investigated. Under the experimental conditions of 5% (w/v) biomass loading, 0.2 M H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4,</SUB> 180 °C, and 20 min, the highest levulinic acid yield of 16.3 wt% was produced. The resulting hydrochar showed approximately 45–55% energy yield and higher heating values of 19–25 MJ kg<SUP>−1</SUP>. The energy efficiency of the present study (1.31 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> g LA/J) was comparable to those of the conventional hydrothermal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass, while the reaction time (20 min) was much shorter with a high carbon recovery (73.3%).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Red seaweed food waste was used as a sustainable feedstock for LA production. </LI> <LI> Microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment facilitated fast red seaweed conversion. </LI> <LI> High LA yield of 16.3 wt% was obtained from <I>Gracilaria lemaneiformis</I>. </LI> <LI> Algae hydrochar recovered can serve as a potential solid fuel. </LI> <LI> Energy efficiency of 1.31 × 10<SUP>−6</SUP> g LA/J and high carbon recovery of 73.3% were achieved. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Preliminary numerical study on hydrogen distribution characteristics in the process that flow regime transits from jet to buoyancy plume in time and space

Di Wang,Lili Tong,Luguo Liu,XUEWU CAO,Zhiqiang Zou,Lingjun Wu,Xiaowei Jiang 한국원자력학회 2019 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.51 No.6

Hydrogen-steam gas mixture may be injected into containment with flow regime varying both spatiallyand transiently due to wall effect and pressure difference between primary loop and containment insevere accidents induced by loss of coolant accident. Preliminary CFD analysis is conducted to gain informationabout the helium flow regime transition process from jet to buoyancy plume for forthcomingexperimental study. Physical models of impinging jet and wall condensation are validated using separatedeffect experimental data, firstly. Then helium transportation is analyzed with the effect of jetmomentum, buoyancy and wall cooling discussed. Result shows that helium distribution is totallydominated by impinging jet in the beginning, high concentration appears near gas source and wallwhere jet momentum is strong. With the jet weakening, stable light gas layer without recirculating eddyis established by buoyancy. Transient reversed helium distribution appears due to natural convectionresulted from wall cooling, which delays the stratification. It is necessary to concern about hydrogenaccumulation in lower space under the containment external cooling strategy. From the perspective ofexperiment design, measurement point should be set at the height of connecting pipe and near the wallfor stratification stability criterion and impinging jet modelling validation.

Analysis of Co-Relation Between Objective Measurement and Subjective Assessment for Dynamic Comfort of Vehicles

Ao Di,Wong Pak Kin,Huang Wei,Mei Xing Tai,Cao Yu Cong,Zhao Jing 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.6

The assessment of vehicle dynamic comfort to human body vibration varies from person to person. Even though the dynamic comfort rating can be obtained by placing measurement devices over the cabin, passengers may have dissimilar sensations. For many car manufacturers, both subject and objective measurements are used together at development of new cars. To effectively assess the dynamic comfort of vehicle, this research explores the correlation between the objective measurement of the whole body vibration, hand-transmitted vibration and subjective assessment. The whole body vibration is measured from the backrest, seat surface and vehicle floor, whereas the hand-transmitted vibration is measured from the steering wheel. Four different vehicles are driven at various speeds on five types of pavements. Both simple linear regression and polynomial regression models based on Stevens’s power law from psychophysics are built to correlate the subjective and objective data. The regression results show that (1) the seat surface is more reliable than other positions for assessing the human body vibration; (2) the hand transmitted vibration on rough roads is more trustful for dynamic comfort evaluation than on smooth roads; (3) the overall dynamic comfort value is the most reliable index for dynamic comfort evaluation.

Baicalein Induces Programmed Cell Death in Candida albicans

Bao Di Dai,Ying Ying Cao,Shan Huang,Yong Gang Xu,Ping Hui Gao,Yan Wang,Yuan Ying Jiang 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2009 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.19 No.8

Accelerating Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting Using Hybrid Deep Learning and Iterative Reconstruction

Peng Cao,Di Cui,Yanzhen Ming,Varut Vardhanabhuti,Elaine Lee,Edward Hui 대한자기공명의과학회 2021 Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: To accelerate magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) by developing a flexible deep learning reconstruction method. Materials and Methods: Synthetic data were used to train a deep learning model. The trained model was then applied to MRF for different organs and diseases. Iterative reconstruction was performed outside the deep learning model, allowing a changeable encoding matrix, i.e., with flexibility of choice for image resolution, radiofrequency coil, k-space trajectory, and undersampling mask. In vivo experiments were performed on normal brain and prostate cancer volunteers to demonstrate the model performance and generalizability. Results: In 400-dynamics brain MRF, direct nonuniform Fourier transform caused a slight increase of random fluctuations on the T2 map. These fluctuations were reduced with the proposed method. In prostate MRF, the proposed method suppressed fluctuations on both T1 and T2 maps. Conclusion: The deep learning and iterative MRF reconstruction method described in this study was flexible with different acquisition settings such as radiofrequency coils. It is generalizable for different in vivo applications.

Systematic Review of Single Large and/or Multinodular Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Surgical Resection Improves Survival

Yang, Xiang-Di,Pan, Ling-Hui,Wang, Lin,Ke, Yang,Cao, Ji,Yang, Chun,Zhong, Jian-Hong,Luo, Wang,Guo, Jiao,Li, Le-Qun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.13

Background: The role of surgical resection for patients with single large (${\geq}5cm$) and/or multinodular (${\geq}2$) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still controversial. This systematic review was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of resection for patients with single large and/or multinodular HCC. Materials and Methods: Databases (the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases) were systematically searched to identify relevant studies exploring the safety and efficacy of resection for single large and/or multinodular HCC, published between January 2000 and December 2014. Perioperative morbidity and mortality, overall survival, and disease-free survival of the resection group were calculated. In addition, these outcome variables were also calculated for the control group in the included studies. Results: One randomized controlled trial and 42 nonrandomized studies involving 9,580 patients were eligible for analysis. Eight (1,594 patients) of the 43 studies also reported the outcomes of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Although 51.4% of patients featured cirrhosis, 90.7% of them demonstrated Child-Pugh A liver function in the resection group. The median rates of morbidity (24.5%) and mortality (2.5%) after resection were significantly higher than that of TACE (11.0%, P<0.001; 1.9%, P<0.001). However, patients who underwent resection had significantly higher median one-, three-, and five-year overall survival (76.1%, 51.7%, and 37.4%) than those who underwent TACE (68.3%, 31.5%, and 17.5%, all P<0.001). The median 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates after resection were 58.3%, 34.6%, and 24.0%, respectively. Conclusions: Although tumor recurrence after resection for patients with single large and/ or multinodular HCC continues to be a major problem, resection should be considered as a strategy to achieve long-term survival.

Time-Released Black Phosphorus Hydrogel Accelerates Myocardial Repairing through Antioxidant and Motivates Macrophage Polarization Properties

Jiahui Zhang,Di Sun,Yuhan Liao,Bingxin Cao,Ran Gao,Zhuanglin Zeng,Chuansheng Zheng,Yumiao Wei,Xiaopeng Guo 한국생체재료학회 2024 생체재료학회지 Vol.28 No.00

The improvement of the myocardial microenvironment largely determines the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI). After MI, early removal of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the microenvironment can alleviate oxidative stress injury and promote M2 phenotype polarization of macrophages, which is important for advocating myocardial repair. In this study, we combined traditional natural hydrogel materials chitosan (CS) and gelatin (Gel) to encapsulate polydopamine-modified black phosphorus nanosheets (BP@PDA). We designed an injectable composite gel (CS–Gel–BP@PDA) with a time-released ability to achieve in situ sustained-release BP@PDA in the area of MI. Utilizing the inflammation inhibition ability of CS-Gel itself and the high reactive activity of BP@PDA with ROS, continuous improvement of infarct microenvironment and myocardial repair were achieved. The studies in vivo revealed that, compared with the saline group, CS-Gel-BP@PDA group had alleviated myocardial fibrosis and infarct size and importantly improved cardiac function. Immunofluorescence results showed that the ROS level and inflammatory response in the microenvironment of the CS–Gel–BP@PDA group were decreased. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the time-released ability, antioxidative stress activity and macrophage polarization modulation of the novel composite hydrogel CS-Gel-BP@PDA, which provides inspiration for novel therapeutic modalities for MI.

Dysfunctional Mitochondria Clearance in Situ: Mitophagy in Obesity and Diabetes-Associated Cardiometabolic Diseases

Songling Tang,Di Hao,Wen Ma,Lian Liu,Jiuyu Gao,Yao Peng,Haifang Yu,Lu Gan,Yu Cao 대한당뇨병학회 2024 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.48 No.4

Several mitochondrial dysfunctions in obesity and diabetes include impaired mitochondrial membrane potential, excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, reduced mitochondrial DNA, increased mitochondrial Ca²⁺ flux, and mitochondrial dynamics disorders. Mitophagy, specialized autophagy, is responsible for clearing dysfunctional mitochondria in physiological and pathological conditions. As a paradox, inhibition and activation of mitophagy have been observed in obesity and diabetes-related heart disorders, with both exerting bidirectional effects. Suppressed mitophagy is beneficial to mitochondrial homeostasis, also known as benign mitophagy. On the contrary, in most cases, excessive mitophagy is harmful to dysfunctional mitochondria elimination and thus is defined as detrimental mitophagy. In obesity and diabetes, two classical pathways appear to regulate mitophagy, including PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin-dependent mitophagy and receptors/adapters-dependent mitophagy. After the pharmacologic interventions of mitophagy, mitochondrial morphology and function have been restored, and cell viability has been further improved. Herein, we summarize the mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy alterations in obesity and diabetes, as well as the underlying upstream mechanisms, in order to provide novel therapeutic strategies for the obesity and diabetes-related heart disorders.