Dikablis (digital wireless gaze tracking system) ? operation mode and evaluation of the human machine interaction

C. Lange,Jae-Woo Yoo,M. Wohlfarter,H. Bubb 대한인간공학회 2006 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

The following paper describes the gaze tracking system Dikablis and how the human machine interaction can be evaluated with the help of this system. The system consists of a head based gaze tracking unit, a recording pc with the recording software and an offline software that can be run on any pc. The paper will describe these three parts and discuss their characteristics. Dikablis offers the possibility to evaluate novel driver assistance and information systems as well as human-computer interaction or advertisement appearances. How to do this research will be described in the second part of the paper.

[⁷⁶Br]BMK-I-152, a non-peptide analogue for PET imaging of corticotropin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor (CRHR1)

Lang, L.,Ma, Y.,Kim, B. M.,Jagoda, E. M.,Rice, K. C.,Szajek, L. P.,Contoreggi, C.,Gold, P. W.,Chrousos, G. P.,Eckelman, W. C.,Kiesewetter, D. O. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2009 Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceutica Vol.52 No.9

<P>The study of corticotropin-releasing hormone is of significant interest in mental health. We have developed a radiobromination procedure for the preparation of [<SUP>76</SUP>Br]BMK-I-152, a high-affinity corticotropin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor antagonist. The radiobromination procedure resulted in the formation of two radiobrominated products from the same trialkyltin precursor. Utilizing the results of several reaction conditions and the chromatographic and mass spectral data obtained from Waters Acquity and Q-TOF, we determined that both 3-bromo and 4-bromo isomers could be obtained. The authentic sample of the 3-bromo isomer was prepared to confirm the identity of a previously unknown radioactive side product; affinity assays revealed that the 4-bromo isomer had ∼70 times higher affinity than that of the 3-bromo compound. By manipulation of reaction conditions, the individual products could be selected. Under no-carrier-added conditions at room temperature in aqueous acetonitrile, the major radioactive product (>80%) was identified as the 3-[<SUP>76</SUP>Br]bromo-4-tributylstannyl analogue of BMK-I-152. The 4-[<SUP>76</SUP>Br]bromo isomer accounted for less than 1% of the total activity. The 3-[<SUP>76</SUP>Br]bromo BMK-I-152 could be obtained by treating this intermediate with trifluoroacetic acid to effect removal of the trialkyltin. If the radiobromination was conducted after first evaporating the water from the aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution of [<SUP>76</SUP>Br]bromide, the desired 4-[<SUP>76</SUP>Br]bromo isomer was obtained with a 58% radiochemical yield. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Radiolabeling of tributyltin precursor yielded two radioactive products. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. <img src='wiley_img/03624803-2009-52-9-JLCR1616-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/03624803-2009-52-9-JLCR1616-gra001'> </P>

오픈폼(OpenFOAM)을 활용한 본 카르만 와류의 오픈 루프 및 피드백 제어를 위한 원형 실린더 주위의 전산해석 연구

김정현,김규홍,C.F. Lange,C.R. Koch 한국항공우주학회 2013 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

본 연구에서는 저 레이놀즈 수에서 원형실린더 주위에 발생하는 유동현상에 대한 전산해석 연구를 수행하였다. 저 레이놀즈 수 영역에서는 본 카르만 와류의 흘림 현상이 발생하게 되는데, 이러한 후류 영역의 감소를 위해 Injection 과 Suction 이 가능한 두 개의 엑츄에이터를 원형실린더 표면에 설치하였다. 오픈 소스 기반의 전산유체역학 프로그램인 오픈폼을 이용하여 2 차원 Navier-Stokes 방정식을 수치적으로 접근하였고, 먼저 엑츄에이터가 없는 원형실린더 상태에서의 저 레이놀즈 수 영역에서 발생하는 본 카르만 와류의 흘림 현상을 묘사하는 수치적인 방법에 대하여 검증을 수행하였다. 검증이 완료된 해석 모델을 기반으로 후류 영역의 제어와 항력을 줄이기 위해 개방 루프 제어 시스템을 원형실린더 표면에 설치하여 전산해석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 항력의 감소뿐만 아니라 원형 실린더 뒤에서 발생하는 후류 영역의 주기성의 감소를 확인할 수 있었다. 이에 따라 오픈 소스 기반의 오픈폼의 활용가능성을 확인하였고 이를 바탕으로 향후 수행할 연구 방향을 제시하였다. A computational study of the flow past a circular cylinder at low Reynolds is performed. At this Reynolds number Von Karman vortex shedding wake is observed. To attenuate this wake, two actuators that inject fluid or remove fluid from the surface of the cylinder are used. The investigation is performed numerically by solving the Navier-Stokes equation in two-dimensions using OpenFOAM which is an open source code. The code is first validated without actuation on results from the literature for Von Karman vortex shedding at low Reynolds number and then used to study active(Open loop) control of vortex shedding to reduce drag and control the vortex strength.

Cyanophora paradoxa Genome Elucidates Origin of Photosynthesis in Algae and Plants

Price, D. C.,Chan, C. X.,Yoon, H. S.,Yang, E. C.,Qiu, H.,Weber, A. P. M.,Schwacke, R.,Gross, J.,Blouin, N. A.,Lane, C.,Reyes-Prieto, A.,Durnford, D. G.,Neilson, J. A. D.,Lang, B. F.,Burger, G.,Steiner American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2012 Science Vol.335 No.6070

Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) Stimulates IL-1β-Mediated Inflammatory Signaling through Phosphorylation of RCAN1

Han, Kyung A.,Yoo, Lang,Sung, Jee Y.,Chung, Sun A.,Um, Ji W.,Kim, Hyeyoung,Seol, Wongi,Chung, Kwang C. Frontiers Media S.A. 2017 Frontiers in cellular neuroscience Vol.11 No.-

<P>Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a Ser/Thr kinase having mixed lineage kinase-like and GTPase domains, controlling neurite outgrowth and neuronal cell death. Evidence suggests that LRRK2 is involved in innate immune response signaling, but the underlying mechanism is yet unknown. A novel protein inhibitor of phosphatase 3B, RCAN1, is known to positively regulate inflammatory signaling through modulation of several intracellular targets of interleukins in immune cells. In the present study, we report that LRRK2 phosphorylates RCAN1 (RCAN1-1S) and is markedly up-regulated during interleukin-1β (IL-1β) treatment. During IL-1β treatment, LRRK2-mediated phosphorylation of RCAN1 promoted the formation of protein complexes, including that between Tollip and RCAN1. LRRK2 decreased binding between Tollip and IRAK1, which was accompanied by increased formation of the IRAK1-TRAF6 complex. TAK1 activity was significantly enhanced by LRRK2. Furthermore, LRRK2 enhanced transcriptional activity of NF-κB and cytokine IL-8 production. These findings suggest that LRRK2 might be important in positively modulating IL-1β-mediated signaling through selective phosphorylation of RCAN1.</P>

Physical Activity and Quality of Life

Diane L. Gill,Cara C. Hammond,Erin J. Reifsteck,Christine M. Jehu,Rennae A. Williams,Melanie M. Adams,Elizabeth H. Lange,Katie Becofsky,Enid Rodriguez,Ya-Ting Shang 대한예방의학회 2013 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.46 No.suppl

Physical activity (PA) professionals and participants recognize enhanced quality of life (QoL) as a benefit of and motivator for PA. However, QoL measures are often problematic and rarely consider the participants’ perspective. This paper focuses on recent findings from a larger project on the role of QoL in PA and health promotion. More specifically, we focus on the views of participants and potential participants to better understand the relationship of PA and QoL. In earlier stages of the project we began with a conceptual model of QoL and developed a survey. We now focus on participants’ views and ask two questions: 1) what is QoL? and 2) how does PA relate to QoL? We first asked those questions of a large sample of university students and community participants as open-ended survey items, and then asked focus groups of community participants. Overall, participants’ responses reflected the multidimensional, integrative QoL model, but the responses and patterns provided information that may not be picked up with typical survey measures. Findings suggest that PA contributes to multiple aspects of QoL, that social and emotional benefits are primary motivators and outcomes for participants, and that the meaning of QoL and PA benefits is subjective and contextualized, varying across individuals and settings. Programs that directly target and highlight the multiple dimensions and integrative QoL, while considering the individual participants and contexts, may enhance both PA motivation and participants’ health and QoL.

Resonances in QCD

Lutz, M.F.M.,Lange, J.S.,Pennington, M.,Bettoni, D.,Brambilla, N.,Crede, V.,Eidelman, S.,Gillitzer, A.,Gradl, W.,Lang, C.B.,Metag, V.,Nakano, T.,Nieves, J.,Neubert, S.,Oka, M.,Olsen, S.L.,Pappagallo, North Holland Pub. Co 2016 Nuclear physics. A Vol.948 No.-

<P>We report on the EMMI Rapid Reaction Task Force meeting 'Resonances in QCD', which took place at GSI October 12-14,2015. A group of 26 people met to discuss the physics of resonances in QCD. The aim of the meeting was defined by the following three key questions: What is needed to understand the physics of resonances in QCD? Where does QCD lead us to expect resonances with exotic quantum numbers? What experimental efforts are required to arrive at a coherent picture? For light mesons and baryons only those with up, down and strange quark content were considered. For heavy-light and heavy-heavy meson systems, those with charm quarks were the focus. This document summarizes the discussions by the participants, which in turn led to the coherent conclusions we present here. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C - A Subgroup Analysis from A Nationwide Real-World HCV Registry Program (TACR) in Taiwan

( Ming-Lung Yu ),( Chi-Yi Chen ),( Kuo-Chih Tseng ),( Ching-Chu Lo ),( Pin-Nan Cheng ),( Cheng-Yuan Peng ),( Ming-Jong Bair ),( Chih-Lang Lin ),( Chi-Ming Tai ),( Chi-Chieh Yang ),( Chih-Wen Lin ),( C 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: TASL HCV Registry (TACR) is a nationwide registry program organized and supervised by Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver (TASL), which aims to setup the database and biobank of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in Taiwan. The present study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcome of sofosbuvir (SOF)/ledipasvir (LDV) in Taiwanese CHC patients in TACR. Methods: By May 2020, 19 tertiary hospitals, 23 community hospitals and one primary care clinic join the TACR program. The baseline characteristics, prior liver and non-liver related medical history, DAA regimens, laboratory results, treatment course and outcome were recorded. The primary objective was sustained virological response, defined as undetectable HCV RNA 3 months after end-of-treatment (SVR12). Results: A total of 4742 SOF/LDV+ ribavirin treated CHC patients with available SVR12 data from 39 sites were enrolled in the current analysis. The mean age was 61.3 years, and female accounted for 54.8% of the population. The dominant viral genotypes were GT1b (52.6%) and GT2 (35.6%). 1354 (28.6%) patients had liver cirrhosis, including 156 (3.3%) with liver decompensation, 552 (11.6%) had preexisting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before DAAs treatment and 413 (8.7%) had hepatitis B virus dual infections. The overall SVR12 rate was 98.5%, with 98.5%, 98.2%, 99.7% and 98.6% in treatment- naïve non-cirrhotics, treatment-naïve cirrhotics, treatment- experienced non-cirrhotics and treatment-experienced cirrhotics patients, respectively. While patients were stratified by HCV genotype, the SVR12 was 98.5%, 98.4% and 98.5% among those with GT1, GT2 and GT6 infection, respectively. The strongest factor independent associated with treatment failure was DAA adherence < 60% (odds ratio [OR]/95% confidence intervals [CI]: 125.4/25.7-612.4, P<0.0001), followed by active HCC (OR/CI: 6.20/2.57-14.97, P<0.0001), HIV co-infection (OR/CI: 3.01/1.14-7.92, P=0.026), and male gender (OR/ CI: 1.85/1.09-3.13, P=0.023). The eGFR decreased significantly at the end of treatment (EOT) (89.3 ml/min/1.73㎡ vs. 93.2 ml/min/1.73㎡, P< 0.001) and remained stable 3 months after EOT (89.3 ml/min/1.73㎡). However, the decreased eGFR was observed only in patients whose baseline eGFR > 90 ml/ min/1.73㎡. Instead, patients with chronic kidney diseases whose pretreatment eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73㎡ had improved eGFR after SOF/LDV. Conclusions: SOF/LDV is highly effective in treating CHC patients in real-world setting of Taiwan. The satisfactory result could be explicitly generalized to patients with different viral genotypes and liver disease severities.

Complex Multicolor Tilings and Critical Phenomena in Tetraphilic Liquid Crystals

Zeng, X.,Kieffer, R.,Glettner, B.,Nurnberger, C.,Liu, F.,Pelz, K.,Prehm, M.,Baumeister, U.,Hahn, H.,Lang, H.,Gehring, G. A.,Weber, C. H. M.,Hobbs, J. K.,Tschierske, C.,Ungar, G. American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2011 Science Vol.331 No.6022

<P>T-shaped molecules with a rod-like aromatic core and a flexible side chain form liquid crystal honeycombs with aromatic cell walls and a cell interior filled with the side chains. Here, we show how the addition of a second chain, incompatible with the first (X-shaped molecules), can form honeycombs with highly complex tiling patterns, with cells of up to five different compositions ('colors') and polygonal shapes. The complexity is caused by the inability of the side chains to separate cleanly because of geometric frustration. Furthermore, a thermoreversible transition was observed between a multicolor (phase-separated) and a single-color (mixed) honeycomb phase. This is analogous to the Curie transition in simple and frustrated ferro- and antiferromagnets; here spin flips are replaced by 180° reorientations of the molecules.</P>

A phase two randomised trial of neratinib monotherapy versus lapatinib plus capecitabine combination therapy in patients with HER2+ advanced breast cancer

Martin, M.,Bonneterre, J.,Geyer, C.E.,Ito, Y.,Ro, J.,Lang, I.,Kim, S.B.,Germa, C.,Vermette, J.,Wang, K.,Wang, K.,Awada, A. Pergamon Press 2013 European journal of cancer Vol.49 No.18

Background: The safety and efficacy of neratinib monotherapy were compared with that of lapatinib plus capecitabine in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER2+), locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer and prior trastuzumab treatment. Methods: Patients received neratinib 240mg/d continuously (n=117) or lapatinib 1250mg/d continuously plus capecitabine 2000mg/m<SUP>2</SUP> per day on days 1-14 of each 21-d cycle (n=116). The primary aim was to demonstrate non-inferiority of neratinib for progression-free survival (PFS). Findings: The non-inferiority of neratinib was not demonstrated when compared with lapatinib plus capecitabine (hazard ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-1.60; non-inferiority margin, 1.15). Median PFS for neratinib was 4.5months versus 6.8months for lapatinib plus capecitabine and median overall survival was 19.7months versus 23.6months. Objective response rate (neratinib, 29% versus lapatinib plus capecitabine, 41%; P=0.067) and clinical benefit rate (44% versus 64%; P=0.003) were lower for the neratinib arm but consistent with previously reported results. In both treatment arms, diarrhoea was the most frequently reported treatment-related adverse event of any grade (neratinib, 85% versus lapatinib plus capecitabine, 68%; P=0.002) and of grade ¾ (28% versus 10%; P<0.001), but was typically managed with concomitant anti-diarrhoeal medication and/or study treatment modification. Importantly, neratinib had no significant skin toxicity. Interpretation: The results are considered as inconclusive since neither inferiority nor non-inferiority of treatment with neratinib versus lapatinib plus capecitabine could be demonstrated. The study confirmed relevant single-agent clinical activity and acceptable overall tolerability of neratinib in patients with recurrent HER2+ advanced breast cancer.