Usefulness of a Classroom Observation Measure of Social and Mastery SKills in a Small Longitudinal Evaluation of a Preschool Intervention Program

Martha B . Bronson 한국유아교육학회 1996 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.1 No.1

This study shows the usefulness of a classroom observation measure of social and mastery behaviors in a small longitudinal study. A collaborative day care and public school intervention program for children in public housing was evaluated with the Bronson Social and Task Skill Profile. The intervention group and comparison children from the same classrooms, were observed four times over a two year period in their prekindergarten and kindergarten years. Comparison children came from the same neighborhood, but were economically more advantaged had few minority group members. The results demonstrate a progressive $quot;catch-up$quot; effect in most observed behavior categories for the intervention group in relation to the comparison sample. Very poor performance in a few children, eligible for the intervention but not served, underlines the effectiveness of the intervention. Observational assessment of both social and mastery variables provided valuable information on areas of skill and weakness in the samples.

Synthesis of Evidence to Support EMS Personnel's Mental Health During Disease Outbreaks: A Scoping Review

Du Bronson B.,Rezvani Sara,Bigelow Philip,Nowrouzi-Kia Behdin,Boscart Veronique M.,Yung Marcus,Yazdani Amin 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2022 Safety and health at work Vol.13 No.4

Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel are at high risk for adverse mental health outcomes during disease outbreaks. To support the development of evidence-informed mitigation strategies, we conducted a scoping review to identify the extent of research pertaining to EMS personnel's mental health during disease outbreaks and summarized key factors associated with mental health outcomes. We systematically searched three databases for articles containing keywords within three concepts: EMS personnel, disease outbreaks, and mental health. We screened and retained original peer-reviewed articles that discussed, in English, EMS personnel's mental health during disease outbreaks. Where inferential statistics were reported, the associations between individual and work-related factors and mental health outcomes were synthesized. Twenty-five articles were eligible for data extraction. Our findings suggest that many of the contributing factors for adverse mental health outcomes are related to inadequacies in fulfilling EMS personnel's basic safety and informational needs. In preparation for future disease outbreaks, resources should be prioritized toward ensuring adequate provisions of personal protective equipment and infection prevention and control training. This scoping review serves as a launching pad for further research and intervention development.

Visions of Early Childhood Education in the 21ST Century : Overview of Early Childhood Education in the United States Today

Martha B . Bronson 한국유아교육학회 2000 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.6 No.-

Suggestions for Assessing Process Skills in the Classroom

Martha B . Bronson,Ilda Carreiro King 한국유아교육학회 1997 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.2 No.1

Teachers take process skills into account when assessing student performance and assigning grades. These include skills like planning, organizing and monitoring work, and making decisions. Teachers need a meaningful structure for their observations of process skills in order to reduce subjective judgements, create a clearer focus for teaching these skills, and facilitate communication with others about a child‘s status and progress. This paper suggests categories teachers might use as prototypes for structuring their observations of process skills. The categories provide objective evidence of a child‘s skills, a focus for teaching where skills are lacking, and a way of explaining process skills so that a child‘s progress may be monitored and communicated to others.

미국 고등학생의 학교중퇴에 관한 다체계 모델

정규석(Kyu Suk Jung),Denise E . Bronson 한국아동복지학회 2000 한국아동복지학 Vol.- No.9

학교중퇴와 관련된 변수를 파악하기 위해 많은 연구가 실시 되어왔다 그러나 기존의 많은 연구들은 단일 체계요인 혹은 제한된 수의 요인에 초점을 두어왔고, 또한 학교중퇴 예방프로그램을 만드는 데 유용성이 적은 불가변적인 변수들 즉 인종/민족, 성별, 흑은 사회경제적 지위 등에 초점을 둔 경우가 많았다. 이러한 제한점들을 극복하기 위해서는 변화 가능한 변수에 초점을 둔 학교중퇴에 관한 포괄적인 모델이 필요하다고 생각된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Brlggeler의 청소년행동에 관한 다체계적 관점과 학교중퇴영역의 기존 연구를 토대로 미국 고등학생의 학교중퇴에 관한 다체계 모델을 제시, 검증하였다. 연구자료의 출처는 1988년 미국 전국교육조사자료였으며, 본 연구를 위한 대상자는 16,228명이었다. 로지스틱 회귀분석결과는 고등학생의 학교중퇴에 관한 다체계 모델이 학교중퇴를 설명하는 데 유의미하며 그 모델을 구성하는 대부분의 다체계 변수들이 고등학생의 학교중퇴에 중요한 영향을 미친다는 것을 나타내었다. 또한 분석결과는 유의미한 변수 가운데서 여러 개의 변수들(학생의 성적, 부모의 자녀양육방법, 부모의 자녀에 대한 교육적 기대, 결석, 사회경제적 지위, 낙제, 임신/자녀양육 여부, 학교중퇴 자와의 교제)은 학교중퇴에 특별히 중요한 영향을 미친다는 것을 보여주었다. 이러한 연구결과는 고등학생의 학교중퇴를 예방하기 위한 프로그램이 다체계 변수들 특히 위에서 언급한 중요한 여러 가지 변수를 포함하는 종합적 프로그램이 되어야 효과적임을 지적한다. Research on identifying variables associated with school dropout has been extensive. However, many of these studies have focused on a single or a limited number of factors. Also, most studies have focused mainly on status variables (e.g., ethnicity, socioeconomic status, family structure), which are not useful for preventing school dropout because the variables are not alterable. In order to overcome these limitations, a comprehensive model of school dropout focusing on alterable variables is needed. Thus, based on Henggeler`s multisystemic perspective of adolescent behavior and empirical findings in the area of school dropout, this study constructed a multisystemic model of high school dropout and tested it. Data for this study were taken from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. The sample consisted of 16,228 youth. Logistic regression analysis showed that the multisystemic model of high school dropout was significant and that most multisystemic variables in the model had significant impact on dropping out of high school. Among the significant variables, eight (academic performance, parenting style, parent s educational aspiration for their child, absenteeism, socio-economic status, grade retention, pregnancy/parenting, association with school dropouts) were found to have the strongest impact on dropping out. These results indicate that effective prevention programs for high school dropout need to be comprehensive, addressing multisystemic factors, with emphasis on the eight important variables.

PLANT PROTEINS AND THEIR IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY IN CARPS USING pH-STAT METHOD

JaiGopal Sharma,Ashok Kumar,Deepak Saini,Nawang Lendup Targay,Bronson Kumar Khangembam,Rina Chakrabarti 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2015 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5

FOXO protects against age‐progressive axonal degeneration

Hwang, Inah,Oh, Hwanhee,Santo, Evan,Kim, Do‐,Yeon,Chen, John W.,Bronson, Roderick T.,Locasale, Jason W.,Na, Yoonmi,Lee, Jaclyn,Reed, Stewart,Toth, Miklos,Yu, Wai H.,Muller, Florian L.,Paik, Jihy John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018 AGING CELL Vol.17 No.1

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Neurodegeneration resulting in cognitive and motor impairment is an inevitable consequence of aging. Little is known about the genetic regulation of this process despite its overriding importance in normal aging. Here, we identify the Forkhead Box O (FOXO) transcription factor 1, 3, and 4 isoforms as a guardian of neuronal integrity by inhibiting age‐progressive axonal degeneration in mammals. FOXO expression progressively increased in aging human and mouse brains. The nervous system‐specific deletion of <I>Foxo</I> transcription factors in mice accelerates aging‐related axonal tract degeneration, which is followed by motor dysfunction. This accelerated neurodegeneration is accompanied by levels of white matter astrogliosis and microgliosis in middle‐aged <I>Foxo</I> knockout mice that are typically only observed in very old wild‐type mice and other aged mammals, including humans. Mechanistically, axonal degeneration in nerve‐specific <I>Foxo</I> knockout mice is associated with elevated mTORC1 activity and accompanying proteotoxic stress due to decreased Sestrin3 expression. Inhibition of mTORC1 by rapamycin treatment mimics FOXO action and prevented axonal degeneration in <I>Foxo</I> knockout mice with accelerated nervous system aging. Defining this central role for FOXO in neuroprotection during mammalian aging offers an invaluable window into the aging process itself.</P>