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Kevin Boldt,Stela Mattiello,Venus Joumaa,Jeannine Turnbull,Paul W.M. Fedak,Walter Herzog 한국운동영양학회 2021 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.25 No.2
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet on previously reported adaptations of cardiac morphological and contractile properties to resistance training. [Methods] Twelve-week-old rats participated in 12-weeks of resistance exercise training and consumed an HFHS diet. Echocardiography and skinned cardiac muscle fiber bundle testing were performed to determine the structural and mechanical adaptations. [Results] Compared to chow-fed sedentary animals, both HFHS- and chow-fed resistance-trained animals had thicker left ventricular walls. Isolated trabecular fiber bundles from chow-fed resistance-trained animals had greater force output, shortening velocities, and calcium sensitivities than those of chow-fed sedentary controls. However, trabeculae from the HFHS resistance-trained animals had greater force output but no change in unloaded shortening velocity or calcium sensitivity than those of the chow-fed sedentary group animals. [Conclusion] Resistance exercise training led to positive structural and mechanical adaptations of the heart, which were partly offset by the HFHS diet.
Kevin Boldt,Venus Joumaa,Jeannine Turnbull,Paul W.M. Fedak,Walter Herzog 한국운동영양학회 2022 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.26 No.1
[Purpose] Aerobic exercise training results in distinct structural and mechanical myocardial adaptations. In skeletal muscle, whey protein supplementation is effective in enhancing muscle adaptation following resistance exercise. However, it is unclear whether cardiac adaptation to aerobic exercise can be enhanced by systematic protein supplementation. [Methods] Twelve-week-old rats were assigned to 12 weeks of either sedentary or aerobic exercise with either a standard (Sed+Standard, Ex+Standard) or high-protein (Sed+Pro, Ex+Pro) diet. Echocardiography was used to measure cardiac structural remodeling and performance. Skinned cardiac fiber bundles were used to determine the active and passive stress properties, maximum shortening velocity, and calcium sensitivity. [Results] Aerobic training was characterized structurally by increases in ventricle volume (Ex+Standard, 19%; Ex+Pro, 29%) and myocardial thickness (Ex+Standard, 26%; Ex+Pro, 12%) compared to that of baseline. Skinned trabecular fiber bundles also had a greater unloaded shortening velocity (Sed+Standard, 1.04±0.05; Sed+Pro, 1.07±0.03; Ex+Standard, 1.16±0.04; Ex+Pro, 1.18±0.05 FL/s) and calcium sensitivity (pCa50: Sed+Standard, 6.04±0.17; Sed+Pro, 6.08±0.19; Ex+Standard, 6.30±0.09; Ex+Pro, 6.36±0.12) in trained hearts compared to that of hearts from sedentary animals. However, the addition of a high-protein diet did not provide additional benefits to either the structural or mechanical adaptations of the myocardium. [Conclusion] Therefore, it seems that a high-whey-protein diet does not significantly enhance adaptations of the heart to aerobic exercise in comparison to that of a standard diet.
Jeff Boldt,Julia Keen,윤린(번역자) 대한설비공학회 2015 설비저널 Vol.44 No.7
수열시스템은 현재 산업에서 주요 요소이다. 이들은 에너지 수송에 있어 낮은 비용과 낮은 에너지로 대량의 열전달를 제공한다. 본고는 수열시스템의 배열, 요소기기, 설계에 대한 기본적인 정보을 제공한다. 보다 많은 정보를 위해서는 ASHRAE Handbook을 참조하기 바란다. 우리는 다른 원고에서 보다 많은 수열시스템의 다른 주제를 다루고자 한다. 콘덴싱 보일러, 밸브-코일 열전달, 압력 독립 제어 밸브 등 이다.
Chilean Women and Democratization
Kelley Boldt,Timothy J. White 한국라틴아메리카학회 2011 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.24 No.2
Historically, women played a very traditional role in Chilean society, and under Pinochet women were assumed to continue playing a private role while men dominated the public sphere of politics. Ironically, Pinochet’s regime with its neo-liberal economic policies and political oppression resulted in women’s collective action which meant that women’s role in politics was transformed. They now began to play more public roles as they took on more economic and political roles outside the home. This article focuses on the arpillera workshops which allowed women to play an important political role in the democratization process and assist in removing Pinochet from power. After the transition to democracy, women’s political role was not suddenly and unequivocally expanded, but the election of Michelle Bachelet illustrates the legacy of the arpillera movement and how women have become more effective public actors and active participants in Chilean democracy.
Grosse Mirco,Boldt Felix,Herm Michel,Roessger Conrado,Stuckert Juri,Weick Sarah,Nahm Daniel 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.3
In order to investigate the occurring processes during long-term dry storage of spent fuel assemblies, a joined project called SPIZWURZ, between the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and the Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS), was started. Aim of the SPIZWURZ project is the determination and quantification of the influence of texture and elastic strain on diffusion and solubility of hydrogen in three different zirconium alloys used in western Europe during a long-term cooling transient (1 K/d) starting at 400 ◦C. The strain in the cladding of an irradiated spent fuel rod shall be measured. Models predicting the formation of radial oriented hydrides will be validated, improved, and implemented in the GRS fuel rod performance code TESPA-ROD. This paper describes the SPIZWURZ project and already obtained first results.
S. K. Han(한상규),Kevin R Boldt,K. J. Chun(전경진),Walter Herzog,Venus Joumaa Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2021 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.11월
Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has been widely used for the treatment of muscle stiffness and hyperactivity, such as spasticity and dystonia in patients post-stroke or children with Cerebral Palsy. However, BTX-A injection has been shown to cause muscle atrophy, fat infiltration, fibrosis, and decreased force output in target muscles, but its potential effects on the contractile machinery and force production on the cellular level remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BTX-A injections on the mechanical properties of skinned fibres from rabbit paraspinal muscles. Nineteen-month-old rabbits received either saline or BTX-A injections into the paraspinal muscles, equally distributed along the left and right sides of the spine at T12, L1, and L2 for five times during 24 weeks. Fibres were tested for their active and passive force-length relationships, unloaded shortening velocity and myosin heavy chain isoforms. BTX-A injections led to significant fat infiltration within the injected muscles and a greater proportion of IIa to IIx fibres. Single fast fibres from BTX-A injected animals had lower active force and unloaded shortening velocity compared to fibres from saline-injected control animals. Force and velocity properties were not affected by BTX-A injections for the slow fibres.
Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for direct production of 1,4-butanediol
Yim, Harry,Haselbeck, Robert,Niu, Wei,Pujol-Baxley, Catherine,Burgard, Anthony,Boldt, Jeff,Khandurina, Julia,Trawick, John D,Osterhout, Robin E,Stephen, Rosary,Estadilla, Jazell,Teisan, Sy,Schreyer, H Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2011 Nature chemical biology Vol.7 No.7
1,4-Butanediol (BDO) is an important commodity chemical used to manufacture over 2.5 million tons annually of valuable polymers, and it is currently produced exclusively through feedstocks derived from oil and natural gas. Herein we report what are to our knowledge the first direct biocatalytic routes to BDO from renewable carbohydrate feedstocks, leading to a strain of Escherichia coli capable of producing 18 g l<SUP>??1</SUP> of this highly reduced, non-natural chemical. A pathway-identification algorithm elucidated multiple pathways for the biosynthesis of BDO from common metabolic intermediates. Guided by a genome-scale metabolic model, we engineered the E. coli host to enhance anaerobic operation of the oxidative tricarboxylic acid cycle, thereby generating reducing power to drive the BDO pathway. The organism produced BDO from glucose, xylose, sucrose and biomass-derived mixed sugar streams. This work demonstrates a systems-based metabolic engineering approach to strain design and development that can enable new bioprocesses for commodity chemicals that are not naturally produced by living cells.