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Retroperitoneal Cystic Lymphangioma Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration
Tyler Black,Cynthia D. Guy,Rebecca A. Burbridge 대한소화기내시경학회 2013 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.46 No.5
Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangiomas are rare tumors of the lymphatic system. These tumors usually present in childhood and are often diagnosed incidentally with imaging procedures. Although benign, they can grow to large sizes and become symptomatic due to their compressive effects. They can cause diagnostic dilemmas with other retroperitoneal cystic tumors including those arising from the liver, kidney, and pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become an invaluable tool in the assessment of cystic lesions in the region of the pancreas. This case describes a 66-year-old female who presented with 3 months of abdominal pain. Radiographic imaging was suggestive of a cystic lesion in the region of the pancreas. EUS was performed confirming a cystic lesion adjacent to the tail of the pancreas with subsequent fine needle aspiration fluid analysis consistent with a cystic lymphangioma.
Elliott Brown, Karin A.,Shetty, Vivek,Atchison, Kathryn,Leathers, Richard,Black, Edward,Delrahim, Sandra Korean Academy of Oral Biology and the UCLA Dental 1998 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.23 No.1
This study examined the relationship between perceived social support and reports of well-being and risky health behaviors among minority males treated at an urban orofacial trauma center. One hundred nineteen African American and 49 Hispanic males, who received orofacial surgery due to a fractured jaw, participated in a structured interview over a six month period. Selected scales from the MOS Short-Form(SF-20) survey were used to obtain self-reports of general health, emotional well-being and the perceived availability of general social support. Patients were also asked about alcohol and street drug use to assess risky health behavior and its relationship to social support. An overwhelming majority of the patients perceived social support to be available to them. However, significantly more Hispanic patients reported "having enough friends and social life" compared to African-American patients. For both groups, perceived availability of social support was found to be positively related to patients reports of general health and emotional well-being. Eighty percent of the patients reported alcohol use as a habit. Alcohol use did not influence perceptions of available social support. More African-American patients (46%) reported habitual street drug use than Hispanics (16%). Habitual street drug use poses a significant risk for poor social support and emotional distress. Social support did not buffer the relationship between street drug use and mental health risk. Perceptions of social support remained consistent when examined across three and six months post-surgery. The positive perceptions of available support reported by the majority of inner-city ethnic-minority males in this study suggests that the potential positive influence of social relationships on their recovery and well-being should not be underestimated. Instead, information on supportive relationships should be elicited and availed of as an adjunct to surgical care.
Solar Science with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array-A New View of Our Sun
Wedemeyer, S.,Bastian, T.,Brajš,a, R.,Hudson, H.,Fleishman, G.,Loukitcheva, M.,Fleck, B.,Kontar, E. P.,De Pontieu, B.,Yagoubov, P.,Tiwari, S. K.,Soler, R.,Black, J. H.,Antolin, P.,Scullion, E.,Gu Springer-Verlag 2016 Space science reviews Vol.200 No.1
<P>The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) is a new powerful tool for observing the Sun at high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution. These capabilities can address a broad range of fundamental scientific questions in solar physics. The radiation observed by ALMA originates mostly from the chromosphere-a complex and dynamic region between the photosphere and corona, which plays a crucial role in the transport of energy and matter and, ultimately, the heating of the outer layers of the solar atmosphere. Based on first solar test observations, strategies for regular solar campaigns are currently being developed. State-of-the-art numerical simulations of the solar atmosphere and modeling of instrumental effects can help constrain and optimize future observing modes for ALMA. Here we present a short technical description of ALMA and an overview of past efforts and future possibilities for solar observations at submillimeter and millimeter wavelengths. In addition, selected numerical simulations and observations at other wavelengths demonstrate ALMA's scientific potential for studying the Sun for a large range of science cases.</P>
Proceedings from the Ice Hockey Summit III: Action on Concussion
Aynsley M Smith(Aynsley M Smith ),Patrick A Alford(Patrick A Alford ),Mark Aubry(Mark Aubry ),Brian Benson(Brian Benson ),Amanda Black(Amanda Black ),Alison Brooks(Alison Brooks ),Charles Burke(Charle 사피엔시아 2019 Exercise Medicine Vol.3 No.-
Objectives: The Ice Hockey Summit III provided updated scientific evidence on concussions in hockey to inform these five objectives: (1) describe sport related concussion (SRC) epidemiology, (2) classify prevention strategies, (3) define objective, diagnostic tests, (4) identify treatment and (5) integrate science and clinical care into prioritized action plans and policy. Methods: Our action plan evolved from 40 scientific presentations. The 155 attendees (physicians, athletic trainers, physical therapists, nurses, neuropsychologists, scientists, engineers, coaches and officials) voted to prioritize these action items in the final Summit session. Results: (1) establish a national and international hockey data base for SRCs at all levels; (2) eliminate body checking in Bantam youth hockey games; (3) expand a behavior modification program (Fair Play) to all youth hockey levels; (4) enforce game ejection penalties for fighting in Junior A and professional hockey leagues; (5) establish objective tests to diagnose concussion at point of care (POC); and (6) mandate baseline testing to improve concussion diagnosis for all age groups. Conclusions: Expedient implementation of the Summit III prioritized action items is necessary to reduce the risk, severity and consequences of concussion in the sport of ice hockey.
Ha Choi, Ji,Wah Yee, Sook,Kim, Mee J.,Nguyen, Loan,Ho Lee, Jeong,Kang, Ji-One,Hesselson, Stephanie,Castro, Richard A.,Stryke, Doug,Johns, Susan J.,Kwok, Pui-Yan,Ferrin, Thomas E.,Goo Lee, Min,Black, B Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2009 Pharmacogenetics and genomics Vol.19 No.10
OBJECTIVES: Human multidrug and toxin extrusion member 1, MATE1 (SLC47A1), plays an important role in the renal and biliary excretion of endogenous and exogenous organic cations including many therapeutic drugs. In this study, we characterized the transcriptional effects of five polymorphic variants and six common haplotypes in the basal promoter region of MATE1 that were identified in 272 DNA samples from ethnically diverse US populations. METHODS: We measured luciferase activities of the six common promoter haplotypes of MATE1 using in-vitro and in-vivo reporter assays. RESULTS: Haplotypes that contain the most common variant (mean allele frequency in four ethnic groups: 0.322), g.–66T>C, showed a significant decrease in reporter activities compared to the reference. Two transcription factors, activating protein-1 (AP-1) and activating protein-2 repressor (AP-2rep), were predicted to bind to the promoter in the region of g.–66T>C. Results from electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that the g.–66T allele, exhibited greater binding to AP-1 than the g.–66C allele. AP-2rep inhibited the binding of AP-1 to the MATE1 basal promoter region, and the effect was considerably greater for the g.–66T>C. These data suggest that the reduced transcriptional activity of g.–66T>C results from a reduction in the binding potency of the transcriptional activator, AP-1, and an enhanced binding potency of the repressor, AP-2rep to the MATE1 basal promoter region. Consistent with the reporter assays, MATE1 mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in kidney samples from individuals who were homozygous or heterozygous for g.–66T>C in comparison with samples from individuals who were homozygous for the g.–66T allele. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the rate of transcription of MATE1 is regulated by AP-1 and AP-2rep and that a common promoter variant, g.–66T>C may affect the expression level of MATE1 in human kidney, and ultimately result in variation in drug disposition and response.
Characterization of Large Structural Genetic Mosaicism in Human Autosomes
Machiela, Mitchell J.,Zhou, W.,Sampson, Joshua N.,Dean, Michael C.,Jacobs, Kevin B.,Black, A.,Brinton, Louise A.,Chang, I.S.,Chen, C.,Chen, C.,Chen, K.,Cook, Linda S.,Crous Bou, M.,De Vivo, I.,Doherty University of Chicago Press [etc.] 2015 American journal of human genetics Vol.96 No.3
Analyses of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data have revealed that detectable genetic mosaicism involving large (>2 Mb) structural autosomal alterations occurs in a fraction of individuals. We present results for a set of 24,849 genotyped individuals (total GWAS set II [TGSII]) in whom 341 large autosomal abnormalities were observed in 168 (0.68%) individuals. Merging data from the new TGSII set with data from two prior reports (the Gene-Environment Association Studies and the total GWAS set I) generated a large dataset of 127,179 individuals; we then conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the patterns of detectable autosomal mosaicism (n = 1,315 events in 925 [0.73%] individuals). Restricting to events >2 Mb in size, we observed an increase in event frequency as event size decreased. The combined results underscore that the rate of detectable mosaicism increases with age (p value = 5.5 x 10<SUP>-31</SUP>) and is higher in men (p value = 0.002) but lower in participants of African ancestry (p value = 0.003). In a subset of 47 individuals from whom serial samples were collected up to 6 years apart, complex changes were noted over time and showed an overall increase in the proportion of mosaic cells as age increased. Our large combined sample allowed for a unique ability to characterize detectable genetic mosaicism involving large structural events and strengthens the emerging evidence of non-random erosion of the genome in the aging population.
Ronald A. Navarro,Annette L. Adams,Charles C. Lin,John Fleming,Ivan A. Garcia,Janet Lee,Mary Helen Black 대한정형외과학회 2020 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.12 No.3
Background: To determine patient factors that lead to treatment of meniscal tears with osteoarthritis (OA) with knee arthroscopy (KA) or physical therapy only (PT-only); and to assess differences in clinical outcomes including the time to knee arthroplasty. Methods: Patients aged ≥ 45 years with OA at meniscal tear diagnosis were followed up from the date of surgery (KA) or first PT visit (PT-only) until partial/total knee replacement surgery, death, disenrollment, or end of study. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared and used to derive propensity scores. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the risk of knee replacement surgery and greater healthcare utilization associated with KA vs. PT-only. Results: Among 7,026 patients (KA, 69%; PT-only, 31%), 27% had partial or total knee replacement surgery during follow-up. PT-only patients were older and more likely to be women and had more comorbidities. After accounting for differences between groups, the cumulative incidence of knee replacement was modestly but significantly higher for those who received KA than those who underwent PT-only (hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–1.44; p < 0.001), although there was no significant difference in health service utilization, narcotic medication dispenses, or knee injections after initiating treatment. Conclusions: For patients with meniscal damage complicated by OA, those who underwent KA were 30% more likely to have partial or total knee replacement surgery at any given time than those who had PT alone.
Student and Teacher Preferences in Written Corrective Feedback
Alexander Nanni,Douglas A. Black 아시아영어교육학회 2017 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.14 No.3
For the most part, teachers and students agree that WCF is an important part of language learning (Corpuz, 2011); however, there is disagreement about the type of feedback that best facilitates students’ development. This disagreement extends both to the typology of WCF (i.e., direct, indirect, metalinguistic) and to the question of whether feedback should be comprehensive or focus on specific error types (Ellis, 2009). Many studies (e.g., Biber, Nekrasova, & Horn, 2011; Kang & Han, 2015) have investigated the effectiveness of WCF in improving writing; however, few researchers have studied teachers’ and students’ perceptions of the usefulness of feedback on specific categories of error. These perceptions impact instruction, particularly when they are not aligned. Students may believe that their teachers have failed to address the most crucial errors in their writing. Conversely. teachers may believe that students have disregard important feedback. This report describes an investigation of preferences in WCF, examining the importance that teachers and students ascribe to five categories of feedback: content, grammar, organization, spelling, and vocabulary. These categories encompass the major areas of WCF. Based on a review of the literature and the state of language education in Thailand, we hypothesized that teachers’ and students’ preferences regarding WCF in the five areas studied would differ.