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Bishop, Jesse M,Lee, Hyun-Wook,Handlogten, Mary E,Han, Ki-Hwan,Verlander, Jill W,Weiner, I David American Physiological Society 2013 American journal of physiology. Renal physiology Vol.304 No.4
<P>The ammonia transporter family member, Rh B Glycoprotein (Rhbg), is an ammonia-specific transporter heavily expressed in the kidney and is necessary for the normal increase in ammonia excretion in response to metabolic acidosis. Hypokalemia is a common clinical condition in which there is increased renal ammonia excretion despite the absence of metabolic acidosis. The purpose of this study was to examine Rhbg's role in this response through the use of mice with intercalated cell-specific Rhbg deletion (IC-Rhbg-KO). Hypokalemia induced by feeding a K(+)-free diet increased urinary ammonia excretion significantly. In mice with intact Rhbg expression, hypokalemia increased Rhbg protein expression in intercalated cells in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) and in the outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD). Deletion of Rhbg from intercalated cells inhibited hypokalemia-induced changes in urinary total ammonia excretion significantly and completely prevented hypokalemia-induced increases in urinary ammonia concentration, but did not alter urinary pH. We conclude that hypokalemia increases Rhbg expression in intercalated cells in the cortex and outer medulla and that intercalated cell Rhbg expression is necessary for the normal increase in renal ammonia excretion in response to hypokalemia.</P>
Invariances of frame sequences under perturbations
Bishop, S.,Heil, C.,Koo, Y.Y.,Lim, J.K. North Holland [etc.] 2010 Linear algebra and its applications Vol.432 No.6
This paper determines the exact relationships that hold among the major Paley-Wiener perturbation theorems for frame sequences. It is shown that major properties of a frame sequence such as excess, deficit, and rank remain invariant under Paley-Wiener perturbations, but need not be preserved by compact perturbations. For localized frames, which are frames with additional structure, it is shown that the frame measure function is also preserved by Paley-Wiener perturbations.
Deformation of ''tunable'' clay-polymer composites
Bishop, M.D.,Kim, S.,Palomino, A.M.,Lee, J.S. Elsevier 2014 Applied clay science Vol.101 No.-
Responsive clay-polymer composites are the next step in the development of polymer-modified clay materials. It has been shown at the micro-scale that these materials respond to the surrounding pore fluid environment, resulting in an alteration in fabric. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the responsive nature of these materials on the consolidation properties. Two composite types were selected to highlight the differences based on modified interparticle and interparticle/interlayer spacings: one made from a kaolinite and one from a montmorillonite. Each composite was made with polyacrylamide as the polymer. The clay-polymer composites were subjected to 1-D consolidation tests during which shear wave velocity was also measured. The pH of the saturating fluid was varied to promote composite response. Results show that the compressibility, compression index, and swelling index of the composite materials are greater than the untreated clay materials. Furthermore, these properties are pH-dependent for both types of composite materials and are consistent with the long-term conformational behavior of PAM. This apparent observation confirms that the behavior of the clay-PAM composites is controlled by the behavior of PAM. On the other hand, the shear wave velocities between the control and composite samples were not significantly different.
Arctic Exposure: LOVELAND's Sublime Simulation of an Endless Apocalypse
Bishop-Stall, Reilley The Korean Society of Art Theories 2012 미술이론과 현장 Vol.13 No.-
Charles Stankievech's 2011 installation LOVELAND includes a wall-sized screen depicting video footage of a barren arctic landscape in an enclosed room, painted and bathed in white light, that appears as an extension of the imaged environment. A melodic and industrial musical score emanates from multiple sound panels and as the music increases a cloud of purple smoke becomes visible on the horizon line in the distance and gradually advances toward the viewer until it completely fills the screen. The smoke then remains, rushing about madly and lapping at the border between the screen and the room before it suddenly subsides and the spectator is again left with the desolate landscape. The entire process takes a mere five minutes and then, fixed on an endless loop, begins again. This paper positions LOVELAND as an attempt to simulate a sublime experience of the end of the world through a transposition of the Arctic atmosphere into the gallery space. Encompassing a discussion of the historical and contemporary significance of the Arctic in popular culture, aesthetics and environmental politics, it is suggested that Stankievech employs an apocalyptic trope in reference to the unstable position of the North in the current political and ecological climate. Revisiting critiques of modernist exhibition practices and investigating the perceptual and temporal dimensions of the work, this analysis focuses primarily on the experience of the installation's spectator. Visually, aurally and phenomenologically immersed, the viewer is made subject to, and implicated in, the events unfolding on the screen and within the space. Due to the looping of the video footage, this paper argues that the apocalypse imaged in LOVELAND is presented as an endless event - incessantly enacted, yet infinitely deferred - and that the spectator is enveloped in an uncertain and unceasingly extended present moment.
Justin Bishop,Syed Z. Ali,Wei Zhang,Olga B. Ioffe 대한병리학회 2013 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.47 No.3
Background: The pancreas is surrounded by soft tissue known as the peripancreatic space (PPS). Pathologic lesions of the PPS are infrequent and have only rarely been reported in the cytopathology literature. Methods: A retrospective review of cytopathology files at two large institutions revealed 42 cases of PPS lesions obtained by transabdominal fine needle aspiration (FNA) or endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNA over a 16-year period. Clinicoradiologic findings and follow-up information were also reviewed. Results: Patients ranged in age from 23-83 years (mean, 60 years) with an equal gender distribution. The major clinical presentations included pain, jaundice, nausea/vomiting, and abnormal liver enzymes. Radiographic characteristics included lymphadenopathy and cystic/solid soft tissue masses with a size range of 1.5 to 8 cm. Cytologically, 4 (9.5%) cases were nondiagnostic, 9 (21.5%) were diagnosed as benign, 4 (9.5%) were atypical or suspicious for cancer, and 25 (59.5%) were malignant. Six of 25 (24%) patients had metastasis of a prior known malignancy. Conclusions: FNA of PPS masses is a rare occurrence. The majority of lesions are metastatic carcinomas from a variety of primary sites. Flow cytometry and immunoperoxidase studies are useful adjuncts to determine the tumor origin. The sensitivity of PPS aspiration for a malignant diagnosis is 90% with a positive predictive value of 100%.