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Directional Age-Primitive Pattern (DAPP) for Human Age Group Recognition and Age Estimation
Bin Iqbal, Md Tauhid,Shoyaib, Mohammad,Byungyong Ryu,Abdullah-Al-Wadud, M.,Oksam Chae IEEE 2017 IEEE transactions on information forensics and sec Vol.12 No.11
<P>An appropriate aging description from face image is the prime influential factor in human age recognition, but still there is an absence of a specially engineered aging descriptor, which can characterize discernible facial aging cues (e.g., craniofacial growth, skin aging) from a detailed and more finer point of view. To address this issue, we propose a local face descriptor, directional age-primitive pattern (DAPP), which inherits discernible aging cue information and is functionally more robust and discriminative than existing local descriptors. We introduce three attributes for coding the DAPP description. First, we introduce Age-Primitives encoding aging related to the most crucial texture primitives, yielding a reasonable and clear aging definition. Second, we introduce an encoding concept dubbed as Latent Secondary Direction, which preserves compact structural information in the code avoiding uncertain codes. Third, a globally adaptive thresholding mechanism is initiated to facilitate more discrimination in a flat and textured region. We apply DAPP on separate age group recognition and age estimation tasks. Applying the same approach to both of these tasks is seldom explored in the literature. Carefully conducted experiments show that the proposed DAPP description outperforms the existing approaches by an acceptable margin.</P>
Gender Recognition from Facial Sketch Images using Local Adaptive Structural Pattern
Md Tauhid Bin Iqbal(엠디 타우휘드 이크발),Oksam Chae(채옥삼) Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2018 정보과학회논문지 Vol.45 No.8
In this paper, we present a new edge-based local image descriptor named Local Adaptive Structural Pattern (LASP), for the recognition of gender from facial sketch images. LASP generates eight directional edge responses of a pixel by applying Kirsch compass masks and selects top two directions to represent the local texture structure. Moreover, LASP applies an adaptivelyselected threshold on the top directional response in order to filter the low response of the flat pixels producing spurious codes. The top two Kirsch directions represent the local texture structure appropriately, whereas the imposed threshold on the top Kirsch-response differentiates the spurious codes generated from the flat regions, yielding a compact description of the facial sketches. We evaluate the performance of LASP in existing facial sketch datasets for the recognition of gender and observe improved accuracies compared to existing local descriptors.
Surgical Site Infection Following Fixation of Acetabular Fractures
( Faizan Iqbal ),( Sajid Younus ),( Asmatullah ),( Osama Bin Zia ),( Naveed Khan ) 대한고관절학회 2017 Hip and Pelvis Vol.29 No.3
Purpose: Acetabular fractures are mainly caused by high energy trauma. Surgical fixation of these fractures requires extensive surgical exposure which increases the length of operation and blood loss as well. This may increase the risk of surgical site infection. Our aim is to evaluate the prevalence of surgical site infections and the risk factors associated with it so as to minimize its chances. Materials and Methods: A total of 261 patients who underwent acetabular fracture surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups, with or without surgical site infection. Factors examined include patients` gender, age, body mass index (BMI), time between injury and surgery, operative time, estimated blood loss, number of packed red blood cell transfused, length of total intensive care unit (ICU) stay, fracture type, surgical approach, smoking status, patients` comorbids and associated injuries. Results: Fourteen patients (5.4%) developed surgical site infection. Out of 14 infections, 4 were superficial and 10 were deep. The factors that were found to be associated with surgical site infection following acetabular fracture fixation were prolonged operation time, increased BMI, prolonged ICU stay, larger amount of packed red blood cell transfused and associated genitourinary and abdominal trauma. Conclusion: In our study, we conclude that measures should be undertaken to attenuate the chances of surgical site infection in this major surgery by considering the risk factors significantly associated with it.
( Faizan Iqbal ),( Intikhab Taufiq ),( Muhammad Kazim Raheem Najjad ),( Naveed Khan ),( Osama Bin Zia ) 대한고관절학회 2016 Hip and Pelvis Vol.28 No.4
Purpose: Acetabular fractures are mainly caused by trauma and the incidence is rising in developing countries. Initially these fractures were managed conservatively, due to lack of specialized and dedicated acetabulum surgery centres. Our aim is to study the radiological and functional outcomes of surgical management of acetabular fractures in tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: Total 50 patients were enrolled. The patients with acetabular fractures were enrolled between the years 2012 to 2014. Patients were evaluated clinically with Harris hip score (HHS) and radiologically with Matta outcome grading. The factors examined include age, gender, fracture pattern, time between injury and surgery, initial displacement and quality of reduction on the final outcome. Results: There were 34 males and 16 females. Mean age was 44.20±11.65 years while mean duration of stay was 9.28±2.36 days. Duration of follow-up was 24 months. Most common mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accident (n=37, 74.0%). Open reduction and internal fixation of fractures were performed using reconstruction plates. Mean HHS at 24 months was 82.36±8.55. The clinical outcome was acceptable (excellent or good) in 35 (70.0%) cases and not acceptable (fair or poor) in 15 (30.0%) cases. The radiological outcome was anatomical in 39 (78.0%) cases, congruent in 5 (10.0%) cases, incongruent in 6 (12.0%) cases. Conclusion: Study results indicated that mechanism of injury, time between injury and surgery, initial degree of displacement and quality of reduction had significant effect on functional as well as radiological outcome.
Topology-Based Flow-Oriented Adaptive Network Coding-Aware Routing Scheme for VANETs
( Muhammad Azhar Iqbal ),( Bin Dai ),( Muhammad Arshad Islam ),( Muhammad Aleem ),( Nguyen-son Vo ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.5
Information theory progression along with the advancements being made in the field of Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) supports the use of coding-aware opportunistic routing for efficient data forwarding. In this work, we propose and investigate an adaptive coding-aware routing scheme in a specific VANET scenario known as a vehicular platoon. Availability of coding opportunities may vary with time and therefore, the accurate identification of available coding opportunities at a specific time is a quite challenging task in the highly dynamic scenario of VANETs. In the proposed approach, while estimating the topology of the network at any time instance, a forwarding vehicle contemplates the composition of multiple unicast data flows to encode the correct data packets that can be decoded successfully at destinations. The results obtained by using OMNeT++ simulator reveal that higher throughput can be achieved with minimum possible packet transmissions through the proposed adaptive coding-aware routing approach. In addition, the proposed adaptive scheme outperforms static transmissions of the encoded packets in terms of coding gain, transmission percentage, and encoded packet transmission. To the best of our knowledge, the use of coding-aware opportunistic routing has not been exploited extensively in available literature with reference to its implications in VANETs.
Person-Independent Facial Expression Recognition with Histograms of Prominent Edge Directions
( Farkhod Makhmudkhujaev ),( Md Tauhid Bin Iqbal ),( Md Rifat Arefin ),( Byungyong Ryu ),( Oksam Chae ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.12
This paper presents a new descriptor, named Histograms of Prominent Edge Directions (HPED), for the recognition of facial expressions in a person-independent environment. In this paper, we raise the issue of sampling error in generating the code-histogram from spatial regions of the face image, as observed in the existing descriptors. HPED describes facial appearance changes based on the statistical distribution of the top two prominent edge directions (i.e., primary and secondary direction) captured over small spatial regions of the face. Compared to existing descriptors, HPED uses a smaller number of code-bins to describe the spatial regions, which helps avoid sampling error despite having fewer samples while preserving the valuable spatial information. In contrast to the existing Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) that uses the histogram of the primary edge direction (i.e., gradient orientation) only, we additionally consider the histogram of the secondary edge direction, which provides more meaningful shape information related to the local texture. Experiments on popular facial expression datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed HPED against existing descriptors in a person-independent environment.