http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Acquisition of Syllable Structure in Jordanian Arabic
Bassil M. Mashaqba,Khalid G. Al-Shdifa,Anas I. Al Huneety,Mais Abu Alhala 한국언어청각임상학회 2019 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.24 No.4
Objectives: The aim of this research was to investigate the early word syllable structure and notable phonological processes in the speech of Jordanian Arabic (JA)-speaking children. Methods: Elicited and spontaneous speech productions of 20 children were transcribed and analyzed by syllable structure. The ages of the participants ranged from 1 to 3 years, divided into four age groups: 1;0-1;6, 1;7-2;0, 2;1-2;6, and 2;7-3;0. Then, the data was analyzed according to ten phonological processes influencing word syllable structure and number. Results: CVC was found to be the most prevalent syllable structure used across all age groups. In terms of syllable number, disyllabic words were the most frequently used. Onomatopoeia, weak syllable deletion, and closed syllable CVVC reduction to CVV were noticed in the productions of children in the first age group. Cluster reduction and onset/ coda deletion occurred the most with the age group 2;1-2;6, while syllable deletion was evident until age 3. Conclusion: It appears that JA-speaking children use CVC syllable structure heavily in bisyllabic and polysyllabic words in their early speech; they avoid monosyllabic CV or CVC syllables to preserve the minimal bimoraic weight of Arabic phonological words. Onomatopoeia is noticed beyond the age of 1 with syllable deletion in the speech of children up to 3. The results are discussed within the context of the current literature.
Vandenplas, Yvan,Alturaiki, Muath Abdurrahman,Al-Qabandi, Wafaa,AlRefae, Fawaz,Bassil, Ziad,Eid, Bassam,El Beleidy, Ahmed,Almehaidib, Ali Ibrahim,Mouawad, Pierre,Sokhn, Maroun The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2016 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.19 No.3
This paper covers algorithms for the management of regurgitation, constipation and infantile colic in infants. Anti-regurgitation formula may be considered in infants with troublesome regurgitation, while diagnostic investigations or drug therapy are not indicated in the absence of warning signs. Although probiotics have shown some positive evidence for the management of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), the evidence is not strong enough to make a recommendation. A partially hydrolyzed infant formula with prebiotics and ${\beta}$-palmitate may be considered as a dietary intervention for functional constipation in formula fed infants. Lactulose has been shown to be effective and safe in infants younger than 6 months that are constipated. Macrogol (polyethylene glycol, PEG) is not approved for use in infants less than 6 months of age. However, PEG is preferred over lactulose in infants >6 months of age. Limited data suggests that infant formula with a partial hydrolysate, galacto-oligosaccharides/fructo-oligosaccharides, added ${\beta}$-palmitate may be of benefit in reducing infantile colic in formula fed infants in cases where cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is not suspected. Evidence suggests that the use of extensively hydrolyzed infant formula for a formula-fed baby and a cow's milk free diet for a breastfeeding mother may be beneficial to decrease infantile colic if CMPA is suspected. None of the FGIDs is a reason to stop breastfeeding.
Yvan Vandenplas,Muath Abdurrahman Alturaiki,Wafaa Al-Qabandi,Fawaz AlRefaee,Ziad Bassil,Bassam Eid,Ahmed El Beleidy,Ali Ibrahim Almehaidib,Pierre Mouawad,Maroun Sokhn 대한소아소화기영양학회 2016 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.19 No.3
This paper covers algorithms for the management of regurgitation, constipation and infantile colic in infants. Anti-re-gurgitation formula may be considered in infants with troublesome regurgitation, while diagnostic investigations or drug therapy are not indicated in the absence of warning signs. Although probiotics have shown some positive evi-dence for the management of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), the evidence is not strong enough to make a recommendation. A partially hydrolyzed infant formula with prebiotics and β-palmitate may be considered as a dietary intervention for functional constipation in formula fed infants. Lactulose has been shown to be effective and safe in infants younger than 6 months that are constipated. Macrogol (polyethylene glycol, PEG) is not approved for use in infants less than 6 months of age. However, PEG is preferred over lactulose in infants >6 months of age. Limited data suggests that infant formula with a partial hydrolysate, galacto-oligosaccharides/fructo-oligosac-charides, added β-palmitate may be of benefit in reducing infantile colic in formula fed infants in cases where cow’smilk protein allergy (CMPA) is not suspected. Evidence suggests that the use of extensively hydrolyzed infant formula for a formula-fed baby and a cow’s milk free diet for a breastfeeding mother may be beneficial to decrease infantile colic if CMPA is suspected. None of the FGIDs is a reason to stop breastfeeding.
The Establishment of a Standard SSR System Fitting for Pear Germplasm Management
Seolah Kim,Youngjae Oh,Hyunsuk Shin,Hyoundae Han,Yoon-Kyeong,Kim, Nahla Bassil,Daeil Kim 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07
Pear (Pyrus spp.) is one of the most important temperate fruit species in the world. The identification of Pyrus spp. based on analysis and comparison of their phenotypes has been causing a number of synonyms and homonyms among Pyrus spp. For accurate identification, genotype analysis with molecular marker such as microsatellite is necessarily to use. However, It is difficult to share and compare of microsatellite profiles obtained among different laboratories because no effort has made to standardize equipment or protocols. A strategy for data comparison by dint of reference to the alleles detected in well-known cultivars will be helpful for co-work with laboratories and developing international databases. Thus the study was performed to compare results between laboratories of microsatellite DNA profiling for reproducibility and standardize allele scoring by defining reference alleles efficiently. In this study, ninety pear species including forty-four comparison Asian pears, six of comparison suspicious Asian pears and reference pears, seven basic pear species, and twenty-seven Korean native pear cultivars to development of a standard set of SSR reference alleles. Twelve primers covering most of pear genome were chosen, which are CH02b10, CH03g07, CH04e03, CH03d12, EMPc117, CH01f07a, EMPc11, CH01d09, GD147, CH01d08, CH05c06, and GD96 located in pear chromosome of 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, and 17 respectively. Genotyping was conducted with Fragment Analyzer. After genotyping, a set of defined standard alleles based on reference pear cultivars can facilitate data comparison among laboratories and will permit the improvement of a common international database.
Anas al Huneety,Moh’d Ahmad Khaled Al-omari,Bassil Mashaqba,Mohammed Nour Abu Guba,Anas al Huneety 한국언어청각임상학회 2024 Communication Sciences and Disorders Vol.29 No.1
Objectives: This study investigated the validity of four language measures, i.e., phonological mean length of utterance (PMLU), the proportion of whole-word proximity (PWP), the proportion of whole-word correctness (PWC), and percentage of correct consonants, in assessing phonological development in Jordanian Arabic (JA) speaking children with phonological disorders in comparison with typically developing (TD) children. Methods: The study involved 88 monolingual JA-speaking children within the age range of 5 to 6 years, with 44 children diagnosed with phonological disorders and 44 TD children. Each group was further categorized into two age groups, namely 5;0-5;6 and 5,7-6,0. Data were gathered by observing the interactions between the children and their caregivers or parents using age-appropriate toys. A minimum of 100 utterances were collected from each participant. Results: The study found that TD children performed better than the children with phonological disorders on all measures, indicating delayed phonological performance in the phonological disorders group. Positive correlations between the measures were also observed, indicating their ability to provide significant information about children’s phonological abilities. Specific speech sound errors and substitution patterns exhibited by children with phonological disorders were identified, highlighting the motor control and articulatory challenges experienced by this group. Age was found to be a significant factor in the development of TD children, while children with phonological disorders showed similar scores across different age groups. Conclusion: These findings support the usage of the four measures for understanding phonological development in children with phonological disorders, accurately diagnosing them and tracking their progress.