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Antifungal Properties of Rhizopus oligosporus Against Apple Anthracnose Fungi
( Vivek K. Bajpai1 ),( Seak Won Choi ),( Sun Chul Kang ) 한국환경농학회 2010 한국환경농학회지 Vol.29 No.1
This study was carried out to assess the antifungal potential of R. oligosporus and its ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract against the fungal pathogens causing anthracnose disease in apple fruits using disc diffusion, antagonistic effect and morphological abnormalities in fungal mycelia. The percentage of inhibition of antifungal effect of the ethyl acetate extract (5 μl disc-1) of the R. oligosporus against C. acutatum KACC 40848, C. gloeosporioides KACC 40897, C. higginsianum KACC 40806, C. orbiculare KACC 40808, C. coccodes KACC 40008, C. musae KACC 40947, C. boninense KACC 40893, C. liliacearum KACC 40981, C. caudatum KACC 41028 and Colletotrichum sp. KACC 40811 was found to be 44.4, 35.5, 40, 31.1, 33.3, 37.7, 40, 51.1, 28.8 and 28.8%, respectively. Also the fungus R. oligosporus showed potential antagonistic effect of antifungal activity against the tested pathogens of Colletotrichum spp. Further, R. oligosporus had a potential detrimental effect on the morphology of the tested fungi of Colletotrichum spp. such as wrinkle abnormalities, abnormal cell formation, lysis of mycelium, empty cell formation, distorted cell formation and breakage of the mycelium. These findings strongly support the role of R. oligosporus to serve as a potential antifungal agent to control plant pathogenic fungi causing anthracnose disease in apple fruits.
Anil Kumar Bajpai,Anjana Goswami,Jaya Bajpai,Benoy Kumar Sinha 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.4
Thin films of calcium alginate (CaAlg)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and CaAlg/PVA-vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) bionanocomposites were synthesized by solution casting approach followed by impregnation of vanadium pentoxide and investigated for their structural, mechanical, optical, and electrical properties for possible use as cathode material in Li-ion batteries. The interaction of V2O5 nanoparticles with CaAlg/PVA film was investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy which suggested for strong interactions between V2O5 nanoparticles and CaAlg/PVA matrix film thus confirming successful impregnation of V2O5 into the matrix film. Crystalline nature of prepared samples was probed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique that indicated improvements in crystalline nature of the material. For evaluation of particle size and morphology, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was also used. The roughness of the surfaces of bionanocomposite films was also determined by the atomic force microscopy (AFM) which showed an increase in morphological parameters upon impregnation of vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles into the polymer matrix. The thermal properties like glass transition temperature, crystalline point and crystalline melting point were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The results of tensile strength and microhardness measurements depicted that the prepared bionanocomposite films possessed good mechanical strength than the native polymer matrix. Significant enhancement in electrical conductivities was observed upon insertion of V2O5 into the native blend film.
Bajpai, Vivek K.,Alam, Md Badrul,Ju, Mi-Kyoung,Kwon, Kyoo-Ri,Huh, Yun Suk,Han, Young-Kyu,Lee, Sang Han Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.103 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study investigates the polyphenolic composition and antioxidant mechanism of an ethyl acetate fraction of <I>Nymphaea nouchali</I> leaves (NNLE). Various <I>in vitro</I> assays were performed using RAW 264.7 cells to assess the antioxidant effects of NNLE and to understand the underlying molecular mechanism. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, caffeic acid, luteolin, and kaempferol as the key polyphenolic composition of NNLE. NNLE had a potent ability to scavenge numerous free radicals through hydrogen atom transfer and/or electron donation. In addition, NNLE prevented the damage of DNA and quenched <I>t</I>-BHP induced generation of ROS without showing toxicity. NNLE was found to combat oxidative stress by enhancing the transcription and translation of both primary antioxidant enzymes and phase-II detoxifying enzymes, especially heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1). NNLE treatment enhanced Nrf2 accumulation in the nucleus and post-translational phosphorylation level of p38 kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in RAW 264.7 cells. Treatment with p38 and ERK inhibitors completely suppressed NNLE-induced Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. We also found that p38 and ERK inhibitors significantly antagonized the increase in cell viability and cellular ROS scavenging activity induced by NNLE. The findings of this study provide scientific evidence on the potential of NNLE as a cost-effective and readily available source of natural phytochemicals, along with the strategy to prevent diseases associated with oxidative stress through attenuating disease progression.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Bajpai, Vivek K,Kang, Sun Chul,Lee, Soon-Gu,Baek, Kwang-Hyun Natural Product Communications 2012 Natural product communications Vol.7 No.1
<P>This study was carried out to produce bioconverted products by microbial fermentation of tomato using a plant pathogenic bacterium Pectobacterium atrosepticum and to evaluate their in vitro antimycotic effect against pathogenic Candida species. The bioconverted products (500 microg/disc) provoked promising antimycotic effects against pathogenic isolates of Candida species as shown by the diameters of zones of inhibition (9 +/- 0.6 to 14 +/- 0.4 mm), along with their respective minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentration values, which increased from 250 to 1000 and 250 to 2000 microg/mL, respectively. With the viable counts of the tested fungal pathogens, exposure of the bioconverted products revealed a remarkable antimycotic effect. In addition, the morphology of a clinical isolate of C. glabrata KBN06P00368, visualized by scanning electron microscopy, showed a severe detrimental effect produced by the bioconverted products at the minimum inhibitory concentration (250 microg/mL). The bioconverted products significantly inhibited the in vitro growth of all the tested clinical and pathogenic laboratory isolates of Candida species. This study confirmed the potent antimycotic efficacy of the bioconverted products of tomato, hence justifying the therapeutic uses of bioconverted products in pharmaceutical preparations as an alternative approach to support the antifungal activity of conventional antimycotics.</P>
Generating Function and Semi-Orthogonal Relations For A Class of Hypergeometric Functions
Bajpai, S . D .,Al Hawaj, A . Y .,Mishra, Sanhana 호남수학회 1994 호남수학학술지 Vol.16 No.1
We present a generating function and three semi-orthogonal relations for a class of hypergeometric functions. We employ semi-orthogonal relations to generate a theory concerning finite series expansions involving our hypergeometric functions.
Bajpai, Vivek K.,Kang, So-Ra,Xu, Houjuan,Lee, Soon-Gu,Baek, Kwang-Hyun,Kang, Sun-Chul The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2011 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.27 No.3
Diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria constitute an emerging threat to global food security. Xanthomonas is a large genus of Gram-negative bacteria that cause disease in several host plants leading to considerable losses in productivity and quality of harvests. Despite the ranges of controlling techniques available, the microbiological safety of economically important crops and crop plants including fruits and vegetables continues to be a major concern to the agriculture industry. On the other hand, many of the currently available antimicrobial agents for agriculture are highly toxic, non-biodegradable and cause extended environmental pollution. Besides, the use of antibiotics has provoked an increased resistance among the bacterial pathogens and their pathovars. Thus, novel efficient and safe remedies for controlling plant bacterial diseases are necessary. There has been an increasing interest worldwide on therapeutic values of natural products such as essential oils, hence the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the published data on the antibacterial efficacy of essential oils that could be considered suitable for application in agriculture as biocontrol measures against plant pathogenic bacteria of Xanthomonas species. The current knowledge on the use of essential oils to control Xanthomonas bacteria in vitro and in vivo models has been discussed. A brief description on the legal aspects on the use of essential oils against bacterial pathogens has also been presented. Through this review, a mode of antibacterial action of essential oils along with their chemical nature and the area for future research have been thoroughly discussed.
Bajpai, Vivek K.,Baek, Kwang-Hyun,Kim, Eun-Sil,Han, Jeong-Eun,Kwak, Myoung-Hai,Oh, Kyoung-Hee,Kim, Jin-Cheol,Kim, Soon-Ok,Choi, Gyung-Ja The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2012 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.28 No.3
Plants are the promising reservoirs for natural products with their diverse secondary metabolites. Many invasive plants have been introduced in Korea, which adversely affect on the native ecosystem but holds difficulty removing them due to their proliferation. In this study, we evaluated disease control efficacy of methanol extracts from four invasive plant species against 7 representative crop pathogens. Methanol extract of Phytolacca americana effectively suppressed rice blast, tomato gray mold, and tomato late blight in a dose dependent manner. The methanol extract of Amorpha fruticosa also exhibited potent antifungal activity against pepper anthracnose in a concentration dependent way. These data suggest that the extracts of P. americana and A. fruticosa can be developed as plant disease protection agents against rice blast, tomato gray mold, tomato late blight, and pepper anthracnose. Furthermore, more extensive research will be required to identify and isolate active compounds from problematic invasive plant species to develop valuable agrochemicals.
Bajpai, Arun K,Park, Jeong-Hoh,Moon, Ik-Jae,Kang, Hyungu,Lee, Yun-Han,Doh, Kyung-Oh,Suh, Seong-Il,Chang, Byeong-Churl,Park, Jong-Gu Nature Publishing Group 2005 Oncogene Vol.24 No.43
Ribbon antisense (RiAS) to the hTR RNA, a component of the telomerase complex, was employed to inhibit telomerase activity and cancer cell growth. The antisense molecule, hTR-RiAS, combined with enhanced cellular uptake was shown to effectively inhibit telomerase activity and cause rapid cell death in various cancer cell lines. When cancer cells were treated with hTR-RiAS, the level of hTR RNA was reduced by more than 90% accompanied with reduction in telomerase activity. When checked for cancer cell viability, cancer cell lines treated with hTR-RiAS using DNA+Peptide+Lipid complex showed 70–80% growth inhibition in 3 days. The reduced cell viability was due to apoptosis as the percentage of cells exhibiting the sub-G<SUB>0</SUB> arrest and DNA fragmentation increased after antisense treatment. Further, when subcutaneous tumors of a colon cancer cell line (SW480) were treated intratumorally with hTR-RiAS, tumor growth was markedly suppressed with almost total ablation of hTR RNA in the tumor tissue. Cells in the tumor tissue were also found to undergo apoptosis after hTR-RiAS treatment. These results suggest that hTR-RiAS is an effective anticancer reagent, with a potential for broad efficacy to diverse malignant tumors.Oncogene (2005) 24, 6492–6501. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208731; published online 15 August 2005