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Current Status of the Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle Study in KIER
Young-Jin Baik(백영진),Junhyun Cho(조준현),Hyungki Shin(신형기),Jongjae Cho(조종재),Bongsu Choi(최봉수),Chulwoo Roh(노철우),Beomjoon Lee(이범준),Gilbong Lee(이길봉),Ho-Sang Ra(나호상) 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11
Targeting future distributed power generation applications, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) has been studying sCO2 systems since 2013. In this study, the current status of the research project on the sCO2 power cycle in KIER is introduced. During the first phase of the project, a lab-scale recuperated transcritical cycle system was built and tested. In the second phase of the project, a 500℃-class semi-pilot-scale recuperated supercritical Brayton cycle has been being designed and built. Among the components developed in this phase, a low-temperature turbine-generator of design inlet temperature of 392℃ was tested at off-design condition prior to a full cycle building. In contrast to the subminiature turbine in the first phase of the project, this turbine was designed as an axial impulse type to reduce an axial force. Its first test results showed that the maximum power output of 11 ㎾e was obtained at the inlet conditions of 205℃/100 bar. A continuous running of 4.2 hours was also successful, which shows that KIER’s unique approach that introduces an axial impulse type turbine design as well as a leakage management system was successful from the viewpoint of stability and robustness.
세계 최초 축류형 초임계 이산화탄소 터빈 발전기 시험운전
백영진(Young-Jin Baik),조준현(Junhyun Cho),신형기(Hyung-Ki Shin),조종재(Jongjae Cho),노철우(Chul Woo Roh),이길봉(Gilbong Lee),이범준(Beomjoon Lee),최봉수(Bongsoo Choi),강영석(Youngseok Kang),허재성(Jaesung Huh) 대한기계학회 2018 대한기계학회 논문집. Transactions of the KSME. C, 산업기술과 혁신 Vol.6 No.2
초임계 이산화탄소(sCO2) 발전기술은 소형화 및 고효율 잠재력 때문에 최근 관심이 증가하고 있으며, 화력, 원자력 및 태양열(CSP) 등 재생에너지 발전 분야에서 활발히 연구되고 있다. 한국에너지기술연구원은 향후 재생에너지 분산발전 적용을 목표로 지난 2013 년 연구에 착수, 3 기의 터빈과 2 기의 시험 루프를 개발하였으며, 특히 최근에는 축류형 sCO2 터빈 발전기를 개발 및 시험운전 하였다. 기존연구와는 달리, 본 연구에서는 터빈을 축류 충동형으로 설계하여 축력을 줄이고자 하였으며, 마찰손실 감소를 위하여 씰과 누설 관리 시스템을 도입하였다. 시험운전 결과, 205℃/100 bar 입구 조건에서 터빈운전이 가능함을 확인하였으며, 최대 11 kWe 의 출력을 얻었다. 이것은 초임계 이산화탄소를 작동유체로 하는 축류형 터빈으로서는 세계 최초의 실험 결과이다. Because of the growing interest in supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle technology owing to its potential enhancement in compactness and efficiency, supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) power generation technology has been studied in the fields of fossil fuel power, nuclear power, and renewable power generation such as concentrated solar power (CSP). Targeting renewable distributed power generation applications, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) has been developing three sCO2 turbines and two test loops, since 2013. Recently, KIER built and tested an axial sCO2 turbine generator. In contrast to previous studies, KIER designed the turbine as an axial impulse type to reduce the axial force and introduced a mechanical seal and leakage management system to reduce windage loss. Initial test results showed that the turbine can be operated at the inlet conditions of 205℃/100 bar while the maximum power output of 11 kWe was obtained, which is the world"s first test result of an axial turbine in the area of sCO2 technology.
칼리나 사이클을 이용한 저온도차 발전 시스템의 시뮬레이션
백영진(Young-Jin Baik),김민성(Minsung Kim),김지영(Ji-Young Kim),장기창(Ki-Chang Chang),이영수(Young-Soo Lee),박성룡(Seong-Ryong Park),나호상(Ho-Sang Ra) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5
In this study, a low-grade heat source power generation system using the Kalina cycle was investigated by the simulation method. The Kalina cycle system can be used for the utilization of a low-temperature heat sources such as geothermal and industrial waste heat that are not hot enough to produce steam. The sea/river water can be considered as a cooling media. A steady-state simulation model was developed to analyze and optimize its performance. The model contains a turbine, a pump, an expansion valve and heat exchangers. The turbine and pump were modelled by an isentropic efficiency, while a condenser, an evaporator and a regenerative heat exchanger were modeled by UA-LMTD method with a counter-flow assumption. The effect of the temperature glide in the evaporator on the cycle performance is investigated in detail.
TRNSYS 를 이용한 해수열원 히트펌프의 연간 난방성능 모사
백영진(Young-Jin Baik),이승호(Seung Ho Lee),김민성(Minsung Kim),이영수(Young-Soo Lee),장기창(Ki-Chang Chand),나호상(Ho-Sang Ra) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11
In this study, an annual heating performance of a seawater-source heat pump, assumed installed in Gangneung city near the East Sea in Korea, was simulated. An annual heating load for a typical Korean-style apartment house, which has an effective area of about 85 ㎡, was modeled by using TRNSYS program. The seawater temperature was calculated from the regression equation based on the measurement. A heat pump performance at full-load was calculated from the regression equation, which involves refrigerant’s evaporating and condensing temperatures, based on a commercial compressor performance map. A part-load performance was also considered. Simulation results show that an annual heating coefficient of performance (COP<SUB>H</SUB>) of a seawater-source heat pump is approximately 3.3 and that it is necessary to improve part-load performance to increase an annual performance of the heat pump.
백영진(Young-Jin BAIK),신형기(Hyung-Ki SHIN),이길봉(Gilbong LEE),이범준(Beomjoon LEE),조준현(Junhyun CHO),노철우(Chul Woo ROH),나호상(Ho-Sang RA) 대한기계학회 2015 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2015 No.11
In response to the growing interest in supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) power cycle technology because of its potential enhancement in compactness and efficiency, the S-CO2 cycles have been studied intensively in the fields of nuclear power, concentrated solar power (CSP), and fossil fuel power generation. By utilizing carbon dioxide’s property changes near the critical point, the compression work can be reduced, which results in a significant efficiency improvement. In this study, the current status of the research project on the supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle in KIER (Korea Institute of Energy Research) was introduced. During the first phase of the project, the un-recuperated supercritical Brayton cycle, which was designed to have a net power of 12.6 ㎾, was built. The cycle was composed of the turbo-alternator-compressor unit (TAC) of maximum speeds of 70,000 rpm, two PCHEs (Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers) and a thermal oil heater of capacity of 697 ㎾. The maximum design pressure and temperature of the cycle was 135 bar and 180℃, respectively, while the minimum of those was 79 bar and 35.9℃, respectively. After a successful cold-run test of the TAC unit at a target spin speed of 70,000 rpm, the cycle test loop was test-run up to the spin speed of 30,000 rpm with supercritical CO2. In the second phase of the project, the recuperated supercritical Brayton cycle has been being optimized and designed.
열펌프 직렬운전을 통한 근사-로렌츠 사이클 구현에 의한 성능 향상 가능성
백영진(Young-Jin Baik),강병찬(Byung-Chan Kang),김민성(Minsung Kim),장기창(Ki-Chang Chang),나호상(Ho-Sang Ra) 대한기계학회 2011 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10
In this study, the performance enhancement potential of an approximate-Lorenz cycle, which was implemented by series operation of two heat pumps, was investigated by comparison between the performance of parallel operation and that of series operation, for a heating supply temperature of 60°C. To fairly compare the performance of each configuration, the inlet temperatures and the flow rates of both the heat source and the load were fixed. Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics were also considered to achieve more realistic comparison. Results show that a heating COP of the approximate-Lorenz cycle, which was implemented by series operation of two heat pumps, is about 5% higher than that of the parallel operation under the simulation conditions considered in the present study.