Cyclic Softening Properties of 30Cr2MoV Steel at Elevated Temperatures

Liu, Zongde,Yang, Kun,Bai, Shu Lin,An, Jiangying,Mao, Xue ping 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.7 No.1

Low cycle fatigue tests for 30Cr2MoV steel are done at both room and elevated temperatures and their softening properties are investigated. Based on the experimental results, a quantitative relationship between hardness and remaining life is established, allowing prediction of the remaining life of metals. A modified Mason-Coffin equation including the aging effect is also derived. Both the experimental and theoretical results show that it is useful to be able to predict the remaining life of a steam turbine rotor through the measurement of hardness.

Selection and evaluation of RT-qPCR reference genes for expression analysis in the tiny egg parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma dendrolimi matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Huo Liang-xiao,Bai Xue-ping,Che Wu-nan,Ning Su-fang,Lv Lin,Zhang Lisheng,Zhou Jin-cheng,Dong Hui 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.2

The egg parasitoid, Trichogramma spp., is an important biological control agent used against a broad range of Lepidopteran pests in agriculture and forestry. The biology of Trichogramma has been studied in details. Further studies should focus on the molecular mechanisms of Trichogramma by qualifying the expression of related genes It is critical to select appropriate reference genes for normalizing RT-qPCR results and establishing a robust method for quantifying target gene expression. This study aimed to identify and validate appropriate reference genes for use in RT-qPCR analysis of Trichogramma dendrolimi. Ten candidate housekeeping genes, namely betaactin (ACTIN), forkhead box O (FOXO), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), heat shock pro tein 90 (HSP90), ribosomal protein L10a (RPL10a), L18 (RPL18), L28 (RPL28), S13 (RPS13), S15 (RPS15), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were tested for their suitability as reference genes for developmental stage (3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th day after parasitization), tissue (head, thorax, and abdomen of adults), sex of adults (male and female), and temperature (17℃, 25℃, and 32℃). According to the GeNorm analysis, a robust analysis should involve using an appropriate combination of reference genes, namely, at least three genes for different development stages, two genes for different tissues, two genes for different sex, and two genes for different temperatures, respectively. According to the RelFinder method by the integrated results of GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and the ΔCt method, we identified the developmental stage-specific reference genes SOD, GAPDH, and ACTIN; tissue-specific reference genes RPL18 and RPS15; sex-specific reference genes RPL18 and SOD; and temperature-specific reference genes RPL18 and RPL10a. This study provides a standardized procedure for the quantification of gene expression in T. dendrolimi and will be helpful for future biological control programs using Trichogramma wasps.

Traditional medicine for post-viral olfactory dysfunction: A systematic review

Zou, Xiang-yun,Liu, Xue-han,Lu, Chun-li,Jin, Xin-yan,He, Bai-xiang,Liao, Yi-lei,Liu, Ting,Dai, Yi-dan,Qi, Shi-hao,Sheng, Zhu-jun,Yan, Zhan-feng,Yang, Guo-Yan,Stub, Trine,Liu Jian-Ping 한국한의학연구원 2024 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.13 No.2

Background: Post-viral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) is the common symptoms of long COVID, lacking of effective treatments. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is claimed to be effective in treating olfactory dysfunction, but the evidence has not yet been critically appraised. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TCM for PVOD. Methods: We searched eight databases to identified clinical controlled studies about TCM for PVOD. The Cochrane risk of bias tools and GRADE were used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Risk ratio (RR), mean differences (MD), and 95 % confidence interval (CI), were used for effect estimation and RevMan 5.4.1 was used for data analysis. Results: Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) (545 participants), two non-randomized controlled trials (non-RCTs) (112 participants), and one retrospective cohort study (30 participants) were included. The overall quality of included studies was low. Acupuncture (n = 8) and acupoint injection (n = 3) were the mainly used TCM therapies. Five RCTs showed a better effect in TCM group. Four trials used acupuncture, and three trials used acupoint injection. The results of two non-RCTs and one cohort study were not statistically significant. Two trials reported mild to moderate adverse events (pain and brief syncope caused by acupuncture or acupoint injection). Conclusions: Limited evidence focus on acupuncture and acupoint injection for PVOD and suggests that acupuncture and acupoint injection may be effective in improving PVOD. More well-designed trials should focus on acupuncture to confirm the benefit. Protocol registration: The protocol of this review was registered at PROSPERO: CRD42022366776.

Jolkinolide B from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud Induces Apoptosis in Human Leukemic U937 Cells through PI3K/Akt and XIAP Pathways

Jia-He Wang,Yi-Jun Zhou,Xue Bai,Ping He 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.32 No.5

Jolkinolide B, a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud, is known to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the molecular mecha-nism of its anti-cancer activity has not been fully eluci-dated. In the present study, we found that Jolkinolide B reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner in human leukemic U937. The induction of apoptosis was also accompanied by the downregulation of PI3K/Akt and the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family proteins. Moreover, we observed that Jolkinolide B treatment resulted in activation of caspase-3 and -9, which may partly explain the anti-cancer activity of Jolkinolide B. Taken together, our study for the first time suggest that Jolkinolide B is able to enhance apoptosis of U937 cells, at least in part, through downregulation of PI3K/Akt and IAP family proteins. Moreover, triggering of caspase-3 and -9 activation mediated apoptotic induction.

Morphological defense of the egg mass of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) affects parasitic capacity and alters behaviors of egg parasitoid wasps

Dong Hui,Zhu Kai-hui,Zhao Qian,Bai Xue-ping,Zhou Jin-cheng,Zhang Li-sheng 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.3

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a dangerous pest of cereals originating from the tropical and sub tropical parts of the Americas. It has invaded over a hundred countries and is spreading rapidly throughout East Asia. Biological control programs are a “model strategy” for the control of invasive pests. Egg parasitoids Tele nomus remus and Trichogramma pretiosum are viewed as candidates for the control of S. frugiperda. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioral patterns and parasitism efficacy of Te. remus, Tr. pretiosum, and Tricho gramma dendrolimi on S. frugiperda egg masses with and without scales. The proportion of parasitism by Te. remus was significantly higher than that by Tr. dendrolimi and Tr. pretiosum. The proportion of parasitism by Tr. pre tiosum and Tr. dendrolimi on egg masses with scales was significantly lower than that on egg masses without scales. However, Te. remus had a similar proportion of parasitism on egg masses with and without scales. Residence time, oviposition time, oviposition frequency, risk of host being found, and risk of parasitism by Te. remus were significantly higher than the corresponding parameters of Tr. pretiosum and Tr. dendrolimi. Tr. pre tiosum females exhibited a higher residence time, oviposition time, oviposition frequency, risk of host being found, and risk of parasitism than those of Tr. dendrolimi females. In addition, Te. remus females often crept into the scale layer covering the egg masses, whereas Tr. dendrolimi and Tr. pretiosum females did not; they could only parasitize the eggs located on the periphery of the egg mass. Both Te. remus and Tr. pretiosum females had similar proportions of superparasitism, which were significantly higher than that of Tr. dendrolimi. Therefore, Te. remus is the dominant egg parasitoid of S. frugiperda and this has important implications for developing augmentative biological control strategies for S. frugiperda.