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Bahmani, R.,Kim, D.,Lee, B. D.,Hwang, S. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Plant Molecular Biology Vol.94 No.4
<P>Ubiquitin (Ub)-conjugating enzyme (UBC, E2) receives Ub from Ub-activating enzyme (E1) and transfers it to target proteins, thereby playing a key role in Ub/26S proteasome-dependent proteolysis. UBC has been reported to be involved in tolerating abiotic stress in plants, including drought, salt, osmotic and water stresses. To isolate the genes involved in Cd tolerance, we transformed WT (wild-type) yeast Y800 with a tobacco cDNA expression library and isolated a tobacco cDNA, NtUBC1 (Ub-conjugating enzyme), that enhances cadmium tolerance. When NtUBC1 was over-expressed in tobacco, cadmium tolerance was enhanced, but the Cd level was decreased. Interestingly, 20S proteasome activity was increased and ubiquitinated protein levels were diminished in response to cadmium in NtUBC1 tobacco. By contrast, proteasome activity was decreased and ubiquitinated protein levels were slightly enhanced by Cd treatment in control tobacco, which is sensitive to Cd. Moreover, the oxidative stress level was induced to a lesser extent by Cd in NtUBC1 tobacco compared with control plants, which is ascribed to the higher activity of antioxidant enzymes in NtUBC1 tobacco. In addition, NtUBC1 tobacco displayed a reduced accumulation of Cd compared with the control, likely due to the higher expression of CAX3 (Ca-2(+)/H+ exchanger) and the lower expression of IRT1 (iron-responsive transporter 1) and HMA-A and -B (heavy metal ATPase). In contrast, atubc1 and atubc1atubc2 Arabidopsis exhibited lower Cd tolerance and proteasome activity than WT. In conclusion, NtUBC1 expression promotes cadmium tolerance likely by removing cadmium-damaged proteins via Ub/26S proteasome-dependent proteolysis or the Ub-independent 20S proteasome and by diminishing oxidative stress through the activation of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing Cd accumulation due to higher CAX3 and lower IRT1 and HMA-A/B expression in response to 50 mu M Cd challenge for 3 weeks.</P>
Bahmani-Oskooee Mohsen,Mohammadian Amirhossein 한국국제경제학회 2021 International Economic Journal Vol.35 No.2
Previous studies have assessed the impact of policy uncertainty on consumption and investment in G7 countries. In this study, we assess its impact on domestic output in the same countries. Furthermore, we argue that its impact could be asymmetric, implying that increased uncertainty affects domestic output at a different rate than decreased uncertainty. Unlike consumption and investment, we find the unanimous outcome in all G7 countries that increased uncertainty hurts domestic output and decreased uncertainty boosts it, though significant long-run asymmetric evidence was found only in the cases of Canada, Japan, and the U.S. Thus, any policy aimed at reducing uncertainty will be growth-enhancing.
Thymol production in hairy root culture of Sahendian savory (Satureja sahendica Bornm)
Bahmani Helia,Maroufi Asad,Majdi Mohammad,Fakheri Barat Ali 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.2
Sahendian savory (Satureja sahendica Bornm) is a medicinal plant species which produces valuable secondary metabolites including thymol, p-cymene and γ-terpinene. In this study, optimization of hairy roots culture in S. sahendica using Agrobac�terium rhizogenes was efciently established. High frequency of genetic transformation was obtained using node and inter�node explants and three bacterial strains (ATCC 15834, A4, and LBA 9402). However, leaf explants showed no susceptibility to induce hairy roots with the A. rhizogenes strains. The node explants and LBA 9402 strain were the best combination for root induction. Infection time of 20 min caused greater transformation occurrence compared to 10 and 30 min, respectively. Node explants infected with LBA 9402 were found to produce more transformants upon co-cultivation for 2 days. The maxi�mum induction of hairy roots was obtained from bacterial infection at a density of OD600=0.8. Polymerase chain reaction by gene-specifc primers from rol B gene confrmed the positive transformation events. S. sahendica efciently provided and produced a large number of hairy roots which could be used for the production of secondary metabolites or other molecular and biotechnological applications. Production of thymol an important secondary metabolite of S. sahendica from hairy root cultures was confrmed by TLC and GC analysis. Elicitor-treated hairy root cultures with methyl jasmonate and ammonium nitrate produced more amount of thymol compared to untreated roots. These results demonstrate that secondary metabolite production such as thymol in hairy root culture of Sahendian savory could be used to increase low secondary metabolite production in this valuable medicinal plant.
JORDAN GENERALIZED DERIVATIONS ON TRIVIAL EXTENSION ALGEBRAS
Bahmani, Mohammad Ali,Bennis, Driss,Vishki, Hamid Reza Ebrahimi,Attar, Azam Erfanian,Fahid, Barahim Korean Mathematical Society 2018 대한수학회논문집 Vol.33 No.3
In this paper, we investigate the problem of describing the form of Jordan generalized derivations on trivial extension algebras. One of the main results shows, under some conditions, that every Jordan generalized derivation on a trivial extension algebra is the sum of a generalized derivation and an antiderivation. This result extends the study of Jordan generalized derivations on triangular algebras (see [12]), and also it can be considered as a "generalized" counterpart of the results given on Jordan derivations of a trivial extension algebra (see [11]).
Korean Trade in 10 Service Industries and Role of the Won? An Asymmetric Analysis
Bahmani-Oskooee Mohsen,백정호 한국국제경제학회 2023 International Economic Journal Vol.37 No.1
International trade includes trade not just in goods but also in services. Introduction of internet technology has helped to boost trade in services by more than trade in goods. What has been the role of the exchange rate in this journey? While many studies have investigated the link between the exchange rate and trade in goods, only three studies in the literature have assessed the impact of exchange rate changes on trade in services. Two have used data from the U.S., and one from China. We add to this new emerging literature by assessing the symmetric and asymmetric effects of changes in the real effective exchange rate of the Korean won on Korean trade in 10 service categories with the rest of the world. Considering the symmetric (linear) models and asymmetric (nonlinear) models to be complementary, we find short-run effects of imports and exports of almost all 10 service industries. Short-run effects translate into the long run in little over 50% of industries. These findings did not change significantly when we considered real trade in services versus nominal trade. Our findings were industry-specific.
Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee,Augustine Charles Arize 한국국제경제학회 2019 International Economic Journal Vol.33 No.3
exchange rate changes on a country’s inpayments from and outpayments to its trading partners. Most studies have considered the U.S. experience with partners from OECD but not for those from Africa. We fill this gap by including 14 African partners in our study. We assess not only the symmetric effects of exchange rate changes on the U.S. inpayments from and outpayments to each African partner, but also the asymmetric effects which requires incorporating nonlinear adjustment of the exchange rate. While we found asymmetric effects in the trade with almost all partners in the short run, in a limited number of cases the short-run effects lasted into long-run asymmetric effects. All in all, our findings are partner specific, but they provide more support for using nonlinear models.
Exchange-Rate Volatility and Industry Trade between the U.S. and Korea
MOHSEN BAHMANI-OSKOOEE;HANAFIAH HARVEY;SCOTT W. HEGERTY 경제연구소 2012 Journal of Economic Development Vol.37 No.1
Even though numerous empirical studies have investigated the effects of the post-Bretton Woods increase in exchange-rate volatility, they have not reached a consensus whether this uncertainty universally reduces trade flows. As a result, recent studies have employed industry-level data to further isolate the causes of these ambiguous results. In this study, we investigate U.S. trade with South Korea, both at the bilateral level and for 96 U.S. export and 29 U.S. import industries. We find that exchange rate volatility has significant short-run effects on most industries’ exports and imports. In the long run, however, only 16 exporting industries and seven importing industries are affected by volatility (some positively and some negatively). Most affected industries are small, as measured by their trade share.
MOHSEN BAHMANI-OSKOOEE;ORHAN KARA 경제연구소 2008 Journal of Economic Development Vol.33 No.1
In 1950 Orcutt conjectured that a country’s trade flows could respond to a change in exchange rate quicker than they do to a change in relative prices. Previous research that supported Orcutt’s hypothesis employed non-stationary data rendering the results to suffer from spurious regression problem. When we account for stationarity of the data by using cointegration and error-correction modeling, no strong evidence is found in support of the Orcutt’s hypothesis. The findings in this paper for developing countries are similar to those found for developed countries.
Korean Trade Flows and the S-Curve
Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee,Ruizin Zhang 한국경제연구학회 2014 Korea and the World Economy Vol.15 No.1
Over the last few decades Korea has relied upon export promotion policies and has enjoyed substantial increase in its trade with the rest of the world including China which has replaced the U.S. as major trading partner of Korea. Is Korea’s trade sensitive to changes in the value of won? The S-Curve hypothesis is used to answer this question. At bilateral level the answer was in the affirmative only in limited number of countries which excluded China. At commodity level between Korea and China, only 32 out of 96 industries seemed to benefit from won depreciation. The 32 industries were all small.