Effectiveness of UV irradiation for reducing microflora in dried laver

Aro Han,Seong-Hee Kim,Do-Hee Hong,Ah-Hyun Kim,Jong-Lak Cho,Jeong-Mok Kim 한국수산해양기술학회(구 한국어업기술학회) 2017 한국수산해양기술학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2017 No.11

GAN 기반 초해상화 기법을 활용한 MIV 데이터셋 화질 개선 연구

김아로(Aro Kim),김동휘(Dong-hwi Kim),박상효(Sang-hyo Park) 한국방송·미디어공학회 2024 한국방송미디어공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2024 No.6

본 논문에서는 GAN 기반의 초해상화 모델의 훈련과정을 조정하여 기존 모델에서 제시하는 훈련 iteration 보다 적은 횟수로도 더 나은 퀄리티의 고해상도 이미지를 생성하는 방법에 대한 실험을 다룬다. 이를 통해 GAN 기반 모델의 과매개변수화의 가능성을 보이고 기존 GAN 기반 모델 훈련과정에서 변화를 통해 최적화의 여지를 보였다. 또한 제안 모델을 활용하여 다 시점 데이터셋인 MPEG MIV 데이터를 초해상화를 하여 메타버스 컨텐츠의 화질 개선을 통해서 사용자의 실감도를 높이도록 하였다. 제안 모델을 통해서 MIV 데이터셋을 초해상화한 경우 기존 모델 대비 PSNR 1.42dB SSIM 은 0.0317 개선이 되었다.

약지도 의미론적 분할을 위한 거대 커널 기반 고품질 수도 마스크 생성 기법

윤아로(ARo Yun),권준형(Junehyoung Kwon),장수진(Soojin Jang),고벽란(Bilan Gao),김영빈(YoungBin Kim) 한국정보과학회 2022 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.06

제3공간에서 개인의 안정감 증대를 위한 형태심리 기반의 개인공간 디자인 연구

이아로 ( Aro Lee ),이정교 ( Jung-kyo Lee ) 한국공간디자인학회 2019 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.14 No.3

(Background and purpose) The cafe is a representative commercial space in modern cities and has become a third space, or a public space that can provide a sense of stability. However, the modern cafe has a limited area and is often densely packed, which prevents individuals from achieving relaxation and mental stability. To resolve the difference between the quantitative and psychological domains, development plans for individual psychological stability are needed in the third space. This study proposes a design structured to give individuals a higher sense of stability in a shared public space. (Method) The scope of this research is limited to cafes, which are representative third spaces and are commonly utilized in modern society. For the design proposal, we deal with three theories related to behavioral psychology. The theories consist of the study of psychology according to physical distance: Proximity theory, Prospect and Refuge theory, and an Affordance theory. Based on behavioral psychology, the proposed design can be portable and block the view of others. The results of the design were evaluated by the cafe's primary customers, those in their 20s. (Results) The design structure can be customized, made portable, and can isolate the user so that various types of spaces can be constructed, including a single-person space, a two-person space, a four-person space, and many more. A design that realizes a stable space can be achieved outside of structural limits by using the concept of affordance, and it can be utilized for various purposes according to the user. The evaluations from those in their 20s were analyzed, considering psychological factors including the individual’s sensibility and his or her purpose when visiting the cafe. The design of this study was intended to make it possible to transform a limited cafe space into an individual space or a space for a small group and to enhance the individual's sense of stability by blocking the view of others. (Conclusion) A survey of 47 people in their 20s verified that the proposed designs could create 1) stable and private spaces and 2) a space for private communication with acquaintances by blocking others' view. The designs, which were assessed by those in their 20s who were displeased with being in others’ field of vision, were given scores of 71 points for innovation, 74 points for stability, 62 points for comfort, and 71 points for design satisfaction. The evaluation results indicate that further development of the design is needed for better comfort. The proposed designs are expected to be utilized in spatial design so that individuals can feel secure in public spaces, and they will be continuously be built in the city to resolve the lack of personal space.

Testing of Common Electromagnetic Environments for Risk of Interference with Cardiac Pacemaker Function

Tiikkaja, Maria,Aro, Aapo L.,Alanko, Tommi,Lindholm, Harri,Sistonen, Heli,Hartikainen, Juha E.K.,Toivonen, Lauri,Juutilainen, Jukka,Hietanen, Maila Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.3

Background: Cardiac pacemakers are known to be susceptible to strong electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This in vivo study investigated occurrence of electromagnetic interference with pacemakers caused by common environmental sources of EMFs. Methods: Eleven volunteers with a pacemaker were exposed to EMFs produced by two mobile phone base stations, an electrically powered commuter train, and an overhead high voltage transmission lines. All the pacemakers were programmed in normal clinically selected settings with bipolar sensing and pacing configurations. Results: None of the pacemakers experienced interference in any of these exposure situations. However, often it is not clear whether or not strong EMFs exist in various work environments, and hence an individual risk assessment is needed. Conclusions: Modern pacemakers are well shielded against external EMFs, and workers with a pacemaker can most often return to their previous work after having a pacemaker implanted. However, an appropriate risk assessment is still necessary after the implantation of a pacemaker, a change of its generator, or major modification of its programming settings.

GAN 압축 기법을 활용한 효율적인 ESRGAN 가지치기 기법

백보성(Bosung Baek),김아로(Aro Kim),장재윤(Jaeyun Jang),황효석(Hyosoek Hwang),최재열(Jaeyeol Choi),류영일(Yeongil Ryu),류은석(Eun-Seok Ryu),박상효(Sang-hyo Park) 한국방송·미디어공학회 2024 한국방송미디어공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2024 No.6

최근 초해상화 연구에서 생산적 적대 신경망 모델(GAN)을 활용한 사례가 많이 나오고 있다. 하지만 생산적 적대 신경망 기반 모델들은 복잡하고 많은 파라미터를 가지고 있어 한정된 하드웨어 자원 환경에서 적용하는데 많은 어려움이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에는 생산적 적대 신경망 기반 초해상화 모델을 지식 증류 기법을 이용하여 모델의 크기를 효과적으로 줄이고자 한다. 또한 지식 증류의 주체가 되는 교사 모델에 가지치기 방식을 적용하여 지식 증류 과정에서 필요한 지식들만 전달할 수 있는 방식을 제안한다. 실험 결과 더 적은 양의 파라미터를 가지는 학생모델이 오히려 교사 모델보다 평균 PSNR 과 SSIM 이 각각 1.1793dB, 0.0415 만큼 더 높은 지표를 나타내어 더 가벼운 모델로 더 고화질의 초해상화된 이미지를 생성할 수 있음을 보였다.

Parametric analysis based on energy and exergy balances of a condensing boiler

Rubén Arévalo-Ramírez,Javier Aros-Taglioni 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.3

Condensing boilers are highly efficient equipment increasingly used to heat water for heating or industrial use, characterized by taking advantage of the residual heat of the combustion gases, including the condensation latent heat of water vapor. The present work analyzes important aspects to optimize the design and operation of this type of equipment from the energy and exergy point of view, specifically, the effect that changes in fuel, water inlet temperature (20-70 °C), excess air used in combustion (5-100 %) and relative humidity of the air (10-100 %), have on their energy and exergy efficiencies. For this purpose, the energy and exergy balance equations for the reactive and heat exchange processes that occur within it were implemented and solved using the computational program engineering equation solver (EES). The model was validated by comparing its results with the efficiency curve of a commercial condensing boiler model. The results show an important effect of the fuel type on the operating ranges in condensing and non-condensing modes and on the energy efficiency values, finding that the technology is widely justified when used with natural gas, and not so much with the other fuels analyzed. Likewise, a favorable effect of the reduction of excess air for combustion on energy efficiency can be seen, which is why it is advisable to operate this equipment with the least possible amount of air that guarantees good combustion. On the other hand, exergy efficiency has the highest values using natural gas, and benefits from a higher water return temperature and lower excess air. The greatest irreversibilities are found in the main coil and the combustion chamber.

Testing of Common Electromagnetic Environments for Risk of Interference with Cardiac Pacemaker Function

Maria Tiikkaja,Aapo L. Aro,Tommi Alanko,Harri Lindholm,Heli Sistonen,Juha E.K. Hartikainen,Lauri Toivonen,Jukka Juutilainen,Maila Hietanen 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.3

Background: Cardiac pacemakers are known to be susceptible to strong electromagnetic fields (EMFs). This in vivo study investigated occurrence of electromagnetic interference with pacemakers caused by common environmental sources of EMFs. Methods: Eleven volunteers with a pacemaker were exposed to EMFs produced by two mobile phone base stations, an electrically powered commuter train, and an overhead high voltage transmission lines. All the pacemakers were programmed in normal clinically selected settings with bipolar sensing and pacing configurations. Results: None of the pacemakers experienced interference in any of these exposure situations. However, often it is not clear whether or not strong EMFs exist in various work environments, and hence an individual risk assessment is needed. Conclusions: Modern pacemakers are well shielded against external EMFs, and workers with a pacemaker can most often return to their previous work after having a pacemaker implanted. However, an appropriate risk assessment is still necessary after the implantation of a pacemaker, a change of its generator, or major modification of its programming settings.

Reliability and Validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption in Screening for Adults with Alcohol Use Disorders and Risky Drinking In Japan

Osaki, Yoneatsu,Ino, Aro,Matsushita, Sachio,Higuchi, Susumu,Kondo, Yoko,Kinjo, Aya Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.16

Background: Alcohol is well established as a risk factor for cancer development in many organ sites. To assess the reliability and validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption (AUDIT-C) for detecting alcohol use disorders or risky drinking in Japanese adults the present study was conducted. Materials and Methods: A test-retest method was applied with a 2-week interval with 113 health care employees. The k coefficient, Cronbach's coefficient alpha, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were determined and the validity of the AUDIT-C was analyzed using the data from a nationwide survey on adult alcohol use conducted in 2008 (n=4,123). Results: The reliability of the AUDIT-C score was high (${\kappa}$ coefficient=0.63, Cronbach's alpha=0.98, correlation coefficient=0.95, and ICC=0.95). According to the likelihood ratio and Youden index, appropriate cutoffs for the AUDIT-C were ${\geq}5points$ in men and ${\geq}4$ points in women. The sensitivity and specificity of these cutoffs for identifying ${\geq}8$ points on the AUDIT were 0.88 and 0.80, respectively, for men (positive likelihood ratio [LR+]=4.5) and 0.96 and 0.87, respectively, for women (LR+=7.7). The sensitivity and specificity of the cutoffs for identifying ${\geq}12$ points on the AUDIT were 0.90 and 0.84, respectively, for men (LR+=5.8) and 0.93 and 0.94, respectively, for women (LR+=15.8). The sensitivity and specificity of the cutoffs for identifying ${\geq}16$ points on the AUDIT were 0.93 and 0.80, respectively, for men (LR+=4.7) and 0.92 and 0.98, respectively, for women (LR+=55.6). With higher scores on the AUDIT, the specificity decreased and false-positives increased. The appropriate cutoffs for identifying risky drinking were the same for both genders. Conclusions: The reliability and validity of the AUDIT-C are high, indicating that it is useful for identifying alcohol use disorders or risky drinking among the general population in Japan, a group at high risk of cancer development.

Development of a self-assessment tool for resident doctors’ communication skills in India

Upendra Baitha,Piyush Ranjan,Siddharth Sarka,Charu Aro,Archana Kumar,Sada Nand Dwivedi,Asmita Patil,Nayer Jamshed 한국보건의료인국가시험원 2019 보건의료교육평가 Vol.16 No.-

PurposeEffective communication skills are essential for resident doctors to provide optimum patient care. This study was conducted to develop and validate a questionnaire for the self-assessment of resident doctors’ communication skills in India. MethodsThis was a mixed-methods study conducted in 2 phases. The first phase consisted of questionnaire development, including the identification of relevant literature, focus group discussions with residents and experts from clinical specialties, and pre-testing of the questionnaire. The second phase involved administering the questionnaire survey to 95 residents from the Departments of Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Pediatrics, and Surgery at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India in April 2019. Internal consistency was tested and the factor structure was analyzed to test construct validity. ResultsThe questionnaire consisted of 3 sections: (A) 4 items on doctor-patient conflicts and the role of communication skills in avoiding these conflicts, (B) 29 items on self-assessment of communication skills in different settings, and (C) 8 items on barriers to practicing good communication skills. Sections B and C had good internal consistency (Cronbach α: 0.885 and 0.771, respectively). Section C had a 2-factor solution, and the barriers were classified as ‘training’ and ‘infrastructure’ factors. ConclusionThis appears to be a valid assessment tool of resident doctors’ communication skills, with potential utility for identifying gaps in communication skills and developing communication skills modules.