Optimized behavior of long-term rainfall for the red sea semi-arid region

Aldrees, Ali,Taha, Abubakr Taha Bakheit,Alqahtani, Abdulaziz,Hayder, Gasim Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.11 No.3

Precipitation is one of the most significant variables with an impact on the environment, agriculture, as well as the design of any hydraulic infrastructures. The rainfall analysis predicts the highest, average, and minimal values of rainfall that are expected in certain catchments for return periods. The long-term variability of rainfall over the Arbaat watershed was studied at the various stations in a duration (day, month, and year) from 1942 to 2010 rainfall runoff using the Isohyetal Map of the area besides using different plotting position formulae of rainfall ratios. This statistical analysis will offer valuable data for water resource planners for Port Sudan, farmers, and Red Sea Water Corporations engineers (RSSWC) to evaluate the availability of water and create the storage accordingly. From the rainfall-depth analysis outcomes, the rainfall pattern was found to be irregular. Although the historical data was used, the meteorological observation of Suakin, Sinkat, and Arbaat stations was stopped from work. However, Port Sudan station gave reliable results without resorting to precipitation data measured by the satellites. Besides, the outcomes of this study can provide rational guidelines and policy concerning water resources to preserve the health of several ecosystems in the regions of under study.

Intelligent estimation of the discharge peak in Al Aqiq drainage basin: A case study in Al Madinah Munwwarah region

Ali Aldrees,Abubakr Taha Bakheit,Hamid Assilzadeh 국제구조공학회 2021 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.27 No.6

The NRCS-CN model is one of the commonly used models for the estimation of discharge peak in a watershed in Saudi Arabia using the DEM outputs and daily rainfall data. The current study aims to classify the sub-basins using rainfall volume, rain off volume and estimate the discharge peak using NRCS-CN method. The drainage map of the studied sub-basin areas was extracted from SRTM Dem 30 m outputs. To estimate the surface runoff and its discharge peak, the drainage area was divided into four tributary basins for Wadi Al-Aqiq using the WMS software outputs from SRTM Dem 30 m. The extracted subbasins were Wadis Rim, Al Yitimah, Al Ishsh and Sha'ib Ruwawah. The results indicate the importance of the integrated use of the digital processing outputs of the DEM in extracting the morphometric variables necessary in calculating the concentrationtime, unit peak discharge and the land resources map in determining the runoff curve. In addition, the weighted curve numbers were ranged between 88.4, 89.9, and 92.1 in Wadi Al Ishsh, wadi Rim, and wadi Al Aqiq watersheds, respectively. It was evident that the attained results can be calibrated by the actual recorded discharge and related to several watersheds.

Prediction of total sediment load: A case study of Wadi Arbaat in eastern Sudan

Ali Aldrees,Abubakr Taha Bakheit,Hamid Assilzadeh 국제구조공학회 2020 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.26 No.6

Prediction of total sediment load is essential in an extensive range of problems such as the design of the dead volume of dams, design of stable channels, sediment transport in the rivers, calculation of bridge piers degradation, prediction of sand and gravel mining effects on river-bed equilibrium, determination of the environmental impacts and dredging necessities. This paper is aimed to investigate and predict the total sediment load of the Wadi Arbaat in Eastern Sudan. The study was estimated the sediment load by separate total sediment load into bedload and Suspended Load (SL), independently. Although the sediment records are not sufficient to construct the discharge-sediment yield relationship and Sediment Rating Curve (SRC), the total sediment loads were predicted based on the discharge and Suspended Sediment Concentration (SSC). The turbidity data NTU in water quality has been used for prediction of the SSC in the estimation of suspended Sediment Yield (SY) transport of Wadi Arbaat. The sediment curves can be used for the estimation of the suspended SYs from the watershed area. The amount of information available for Khor Arbaat case study on sediment is poor data. However, the total sediment load is essential for the optimal control of the sediment transport on Khor Arbaat sediment and the protection of the dams on the upper gate area. The results show that the proposed model is found to be considered adequate to predict the total sediment load.

Do customized orthodontic appliances and vibration devices provide more efficient treatment than conventional methods?

Abdullah M. Aldrees 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.3

The incorporation of technological advances in the field of clinical orthodontics to increase treatment efficiency has led to the development of customized appliances (Insignia<SUP>®</SUP>), archwires (Suresmile<SUP>®</SUP>), and the production of devices to enhance tooth movement (Acceledent<SUP>®</SUP>). This review presents a comprehensive study of the literature concerning these products, and analyzes the available evidence of their efficiency. To date, one pilot study has evaluated the efficiency of the Insignia<SUP>®</SUP> system, three retrospective studies have assessed the efficiency of the Suresmile<SUP>®</SUP> system, and a few Acceledent<SUP>®</SUP> reports have described its effect on treatment time. Critical appraisal of the reviewed papers revealed that the efficiency of the Insignia<SUP>®</SUP> system cannot be confirmed based on the available evidence, while the use of Suresmile<SUP>®</SUP> can reduce overall treatment time in simple cases. The acceleration of tooth movement by Acceledent<SUP>®</SUP> devices has not yet been confirmed.

A case study of sedimentation problems of Wadi Arbaat's dams reservoirs

Taha, Abubakr Taha Bakheit,Aldrees, Ali Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.11 No.5

The proper management of reservoir sedimentation is of critical importance for the sustainable development of surface water resources. Dams' reservoirs are losing their ability storage due to sedimentation processes worldwide. These losses vary from one reservoir to another depending on the characteristics of the watershed and water streams. Therefore, the performance of reservoirs is incredibly vulnerable. The area surrounding Red Sea State is under arid and semi-arid condition, and immensely suffering from a shortage of safe and reliable drinking water supplies. Wadi Arbaat is the primary source of water supply in Port Sudan city. Valleys mostly surround the Red Sea State and Wadi Arbaat suffer from a severe decline with the steep slope of 6-10 m/km. Therefore, the Wadi carries large quantities of sediments, which deposit in dams' reservoirs during the flood periods. The siltation strongly influences these dams and their reservoirs suffer from serious problems represented by increasing silting level and shortage in storage capacities. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the current situation and problems of the three existing dams and make a proper decision with a comprehensive and specific vision in the future. The main problems caused by reservoir sedimentation in the Red Sea Mountains are described as a reduction in the storage capacities, and entry of sediments into control structures such as sluice gates. The problems are further exacerbated as there is no guidance on the decision supports tool that is needed to underpin silting in the flood period and water resources management in these steep slope areas. The sedimentation processes, problems and changes of dam operation are discussed in this paper.

READER’S FORUM

Hyo-Won Ahn,Abdullah M. Aldrees 대한치과교정학회 2016 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.46 No.4