Study on the movements of the football players and a ball using the three-dimension analysis

Akira Kan,Mitsuhisa Shiokawa,Ken Okihara,Tatsuya Deguchi,Chul Soon Choi,Seung Wook Choi,Kazufumi Takahashi,Sachio Usui 한국체육과학회 2002 한국체육과학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Required physical abilities or factors for players are researched using indirect data, Physiology of Exercise. The purpose of this paper is measuring players running distance and various types of speed as direct data. Setting two video cameras (SONY DCR-VX1000), each one covering an entire pitch, recorded one of the J-LEAGUE MATCHES. It captured every 1/3sec frame from the recorded tape, and coordinated positions of all players' movements and ball using application software (MPJapan TOMOKO-VM). The coordinated positions data are treated with original application software. After analyzing the data, we found the following; 1) Average distance of each player moved on the match was about 13 to 14 ㎞. GK's distance was about 60% of field players. 2) Increasing players running speed, the number of one's propotion was decreased. 3) Each team showed similar total distances with the 1st and 2nd half, and the 2nd half distance indicated much longer than the 1st half. In comparison each plaver's 1st half distance and 2nd half, it was not unified.

フットサル競技における“チーム重心”を用いたゲーム分析に關する硏究

菅輝(Akira KAN),崔喆洵(Choi Chul-Soon),鹽川滿久(Mitsuhisa SHIOKAWA),沖原謙(Ken OKIHARA) 한국체육과학회 2000 한국체육과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

In the research regarding the analysis of football game, the various ways are used. And the football game is very mobile and difficult to evaluate the movement of the whole team objectively. However, the futsul game is played with 5 players, so we can conceive that the analysis of the futsal game is easier in comparison with the football game. The purpose of this study is the analysis of the futsul game, by using the new parameter called 'the team cetner of gravity' that is calculated by DLT method. Furthermore, we examine the usefulness of this parameter. Setting two videl cameras (SONY CCD-TR2000), each one covering an entire pitch, recorded one of THE FUTSAL JAPAN CAP MATCHES. It captured every l/3sec frame from the recorded tape, and coordinated positions of all player movements and ball using application software (MPJAPAN VM95). The coordinated position's data are treated with original application software. After analyzing the data, we found the following: 1) We found that the distance between the center of gravity of both teams was modified right away even if it spread temporarily. It was conceivable that the defense side was being about to correspond to the attack side of the enemy continually. As the distance between the center of gravity of both teams becomes short, the game becomes intense in offense and defense. 2) It proved that the distance from the center of gravity to each player spread and the player was more activity during offense and that the player concentrated in some degree and controlled their minimum movement during defense. 3) From the result of this study, the usefulness was suggested to analyze the futsal game by using the parameter called 'the team center of gravity', when we did it objectively in the futsul game.

Cacao bean husk: an applicable bedding material in dairy free-stall barns

Akira Yajima,Hisashi Owada,Suguru Kobayashi,Natsumi Komatsu,Kazuaki Takehara,Maria Ito,Kazuhide Matsuda,Kan Sato,Hisao Itabashi,Satoshi Sugimura,Shuhei Kanda 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.7

Objective: The objectives of the study were to assess the effect of cacao bean husk as bedding material in free-stall barn on the behavior, productivity, and udder health of dairy cattle, and on the ammonia concentrations in the barn. Methods: Four different stall surfaces (no bedding, cacao bean husk, sawdust, and chopped wheat straw) were each continuously tested for a period of 1 week to determine their effects on nine lactating Holstein cows housed in the free-stall barn with rubber matting. The lying time and the milk yield were measured between d 4 and d 7. Blood samples for plasma cortisol concentration and teat swabs for bacterial counts were obtained prior to morning milking on d 7. The time-averaged gas-phase ammonia concentrations in the barn were measured between d 2 and d 7. Results: The cows spent approximately 2 h more per day lying in the stalls when bedding was available than without bedding. The milk yield increased in the experimental periods when cows had access to bedding materials as compared to the period without bedding. The lying time was positively correlated with the milk yield. Bacterial counts on the teat ends recorded for cows housed on cacao bean husk were significantly lower than those recorded for cows housed without bedding. Ammonia concentration under cacao bean husk bedding decreased by 6%, 15%, and 21% as compared to no bedding, sawdust, and chopped wheat straw, respectively. The cortisol concentration was lowest in the period when cacao bean husk bedding was used. We observed a positive correlation between the ammonia concentrations in the barn and the plasma cortisol concentrations. Conclusion: Cacao bean husk is a potential alternative of conventional bedding material, such as sawdust or chopped wheat straw, with beneficial effects on udder health and ammonia concentrations in the barns.

Association between bone mass as assessed by quantitative ultrasound and physical function in elderly women: The Fujiwara-kyo study

Akira Minematsu,Kan Hazaki,Akihiro Harano, M.D,Nozomi Okamoto 대한골다공증학회 2017 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.3 No.2

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate differences in physical function by bone mass category as assessed by speed of sound, and the association between bone mass and physical function in Japanese elderly women. Methods: Participants (65 years, n ¼ 954) were divided into the osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal groups based on speed of sound values, and physical function parameters were compared among groups. In addition, the predictive ability of physical function for low bone mass was determined by area under the curve analysis. Data were collected in 4 cities in Nara, Japan, in 2007 or 2008. Results: All physical functions were significantly lower in the osteoporotic group than in the normal group. Lower bone mass was associated with poor muscle strength and physical function after adjusting for age, height and weight. In addition, one-leg standing time and 10-m gait time were predictive of low bone mass (osteopenia and osteoporosis levels, respectively). Elderly women with low physical function, especially those with a short one-leg standing time, should be suspected of having decreased bone mass. Conclusions: Measurements of physical function can effectively identify elderly women with low bone mass at an early stage without the need for bone mass measurements. In particular, one-leg standing time and 10-m gait time were good predictors of low bone mass, and is easy to measure, low-cost, and can be self-measured. These findings will be helpful in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Movement of Players and Ball Comparing the two games, Japan versus UAE and a J‐League Game

Mitsuhisa Shiokawa(?川?久),Akira Kan(菅輝),Tomoyasu Okuda(?田知靖),Wataru Oba(大場?),Akira Morikawa(森河亮),Kazuma Ito(伊藤?馬),Ken Okihara(沖原謙),Koki Kiniwa(木庭康樹),Yasuo Higashikawa(東川安雄),Shinya Bono(房野?也),Keishi Mar 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study was to make clear what affects the running speed of a player in a game. This research made the game of soccer of two games a research object. Two games of these were Japan versus UAE and Sanfrecce Hiroshima versus Yokohama Marinos. The method of calculating the amount of the activity used three dimensions DLT method. First of all, it takes a picture to install the entire pitch from the main stand rooftop in the competition site on each camera in two video cameras and this image is capture in PC every 1/3 seconds. And, the three?dimensional image analysis software was used, digitized, player's movement and the ball were converted into objective positional coordinates, and the amount of the activity was calculated on coordinate data. The following results were obtained by analyzing these data. In the J league game, the average speed of the ball was 6.04±6.26m/sec in the first half, and 6.23±5.52m/sec in the second half. In the game Japan versus UAE, the average speed of the ball was 6.11±6.29 in the first half, and 5.12±6.56 in the second half. The change of the average running speed of the field players of a team was highly affected by the change of the ball speed from both 2games.

三次元畫像解析法を用いたフットサル競技におけるゲーム分析に関する硏究

崔詰洵(Choi Chul-Soon),菅輝(Akira KAN),鹽川滿久(Mitsuhisa SHIOKAWA),沖原謙(Ken OKIHARA) 한국체육과학회 2000 한국체육과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

In japan futsal population is increasing rapidly. One of the reasons is that a changes of offense and defense on futsal is much faster than football. Of course we have some other reasons as less contacts, easy to player, etc. 5 players playing futsal match is an easy or a simple way to analyze or circylate team area, when it is compared with a football match. The purpose of paper is to find the relationship between team area and team transition. Setting two video cameras (SONY CCD-TR2000), each one covering an entire pitch, recorded one of THE FUTSAL JAPAN CAP MATCHES. It captured every 1/3sec frame from the recorded tape, and coordinated positions of all players movements and ball using application software (MPJapan VM95). The coordinated position's data are treated with original application software.

サッカーレフェリーに要求される基本的能力に関する硏究

木庭康樹(Koki Kiniwa),大江淳悟(Jungo Ohe),房野?也(Shinya Bono),丸山啓史(Keishi Maruyama),磨井祥夫(Sachio Usui),沖原謙(Ken Okihara),伊藤?馬(Kzuma Ito),菅輝(Akira Kan),?川?久(Mitsuhisa Shiokawa) 한국체육과학회 2010 한국체육과학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study is to show objective data about the amount of the activity of the referee in an actual game, and to use these for the referee training in the future. As a result of consideration, the main referee became clear that an equal ability of moved distance, the movement speed, and the turn frequency, etc. with the field player was demanded. The main referee showed total moved distance twice the sub?referee, and this moved distance was almost equal to the field player. Moreover, it has been understood that a considerably high ability is demanded from the main referee about brilliant because the frequency about four times the sub?referee of the turn is done. Therefore, the main referee is doing advanced work of giving a decision while equal stamina's with the field player being demanded and repeating the turn and the movement according to a diagonal method. On the other hand, the moved distance of the sub?referee was main referee and field player's halves. Moreover, it is thought that the sub?referee is giving the judgment (offside and ball out) in the stopped state at the moment from low?speed movement frequency high. The future tasks are to analyze the accuracy of the work of the sub?referee by comparing sub?referee's position with the position of an offside line, and to consider the sub ?referee qualitatively.