Ultraviolet-ozone irradiation of HPMC thin films: Structural and thermal properties

Abdel-Zaher, Nabawia A.,Moselhey, Manal T.H.,Guirguis, Osiris W. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in materials research Vol.6 No.1

The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of ultraviolet-ozone ($UV-O_3$) irradiation with different times on the structure and thermal properties of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in the form of a thin film to be used as bioequivalent materials according to their important broad practical and medical applications. HPMC thin films were exposed to $UV-O_3$ radiation in air at a wavelength of 184.9 nm.The beneficial effects of this treatment on the crystallinity and amorphousity regions were followed by X-ray diffraction technique and FTIR spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric and differntial thermal analyses were used in order to study the thermal properties of HPMC samples following the process of photodegradation. The obtained results indicated that the rate of degradation process was increased with increasing the exposure time. Variations in shape and area of the thermal peaks were observed which may be attributed to the different degrees of crystallinity after exposing the treated HPMC samples. This meant a change in the amorphousity of the treated samples, the oxidation of its chemical linkages on its surface and its bulk, and the formation of free radical species as well as bond formation.

The Relationship Between Non-Interest Revenue and Sustainable Growth Rate: A Case Study of Commercial Banks in Jordan

Zaher Abdel Fattah AL-SLEHAT,Arshed Fouad ALTAMEEMI 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.5

As expansion of interest income business faces several limitations, non-interest revenue can play a vital role in increasing the net profit margin and the productivity of the assets to sustain the growth rate. This study aims to analyze the Effect level (partial or total) of a bank’s size on the relationship between non-interest revenue and the sustainable growth rate of Jordanian commercial banks. Baron and Kenny’s methodology (1986) was adopted to test and analyze the effect of non-interest revenue: including the bank’s size, on the sustainable growth rate during the period from 2008–2019. Data collection was done for thirteen commercial banks which constituted 100% of the study population. Testing four hypotheses by using Amos program and a regression model to diagnose the partial and total effect of size. Findings indicate that there is a nonlinear relationship between Non-IR and SGR due to the total effect of bank size on the sustainable growth rate. The results of this study is expected to enable the banks to diversify their revenue to support financial performance towards healthy growth without facing additional financial problems. This study adopted a different methodology from the prior efforts, by using the mediation effect role to verify the effect of non-interest revenue.

Effects of numerical modeling simplification on seismic design of buildings

Raheem, Shehata E Abdel,Omar, Mohamed,Zaher, Ahmed K Abdel,Taha, Ahmed M Techno-Press 2018 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.7 No.6

The recent seismic events have led to concerns on safety and vulnerability of Reinforced Concrete Moment Resisting Frame "RC-MRF" buildings. The seismic design demands are greatly dependent on the computational tools, the inherent assumptions and approximations introduced in the modeling process. Thus, it is essential to assess the relative importance of implementing different modeling approaches and investigate the computed response sensitivity to the corresponding modeling assumptions. Many parameters and assumptions are to be justified for generation effective and accurate structural models of RC-MRF buildings to simulate the lateral response and evaluate seismic design demands. So, the present study aims to develop reliable finite element model through many refinements in modeling the various structural components. The effect of finite element modeling assumptions, analysis methods and code provisions on seismic response demands for the structural design of RC-MRF buildings are investigated. where, a series of three-dimensional finite element models were created to study various approaches to quantitatively improve the accuracy of FE models of symmetric buildings located in active seismic zones. It is shown from results of the comparative analyses that the use of a calibrated frame model which was made up of line elements featuring rigid offsets manages to provide estimates that match best with estimates obtained from a much more rigorous modeling approach involving the use of shell elements.

Utilizing Semi-Natural Antibacterial Cellulose to Prepare Safe Azo Disperse Dyes and Their Application in Textile Printing

Galal A. M. Nawwar,Khlood S. Abdel Zaher,Elkhabiry Shaban,Nora M. A. El-Ebiary 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.6

The present study describes the synthesis of three new antibacterial azo disperse dyes from different diazotizedaryl amines (aniline, 2-aminothiazole, and sulfathiazole), followed by their reactions with a novel nontoxic antibacterialcyanoacetyl microcrystalline cellulose derivative (a) as a coupling component. The structures of the dyes were confirmed andelucidated by FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The new dyes were also tested for antibacterial activity and toxicity, and theywere utilized for silk screen printing polyester and nylon 6 fabrics. The color strength and fastness properties of the dyes havebeen investigated, and they exhibited high resistance to washing, perspiration, and rubbing as well as fastness to sublimationand light. Moreover, the new dyes were tested for antibacterial activity on the printed polyester and nylon 6 fabrics.

Structural control of hydrogeological aquifers in the Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt

Taha Rabeh,Said Bedair,Mohamed Abdel Zaher 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.1

This work addresses the detection of aquifers and the delineation of subsurface structures predominant in the basement rocks and their relations with these aquifers at the Bahariya Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt, and the relationship between the subsurface structures and the aquifers. In this respect, land geomagnetic and geoelectric-reconnaissance surveys were carried out over the oasis. Additionally, wells and bore-hole logs were used to verify the results and to explore the distributions of the subsurface reservoirs and the geological sequences. The results illustrate that the main groundwater aquifers in the fractured limestone ranges from 40 m to 90 m in depth and in the saturated Nubian sandstone from 800 m to 1200 m in depth. The thickness of the Carbonate reservoir varies from 90 m to 160 m. The Nubian sandstone formation that unconformably overlies the basement rocks has a thickness of approximately 250 m. In general, the depth to the basement rocks ranges from 1.2 km and 2.9 km in certain local areas according to the magnetic data. The structure trend analyses show that the dominant tectonic trends are northeastward and northwestward. These structures play an important role in controlling the aquifer depths and most probably supply water from the deeper Nubian aquifer to the shallower Carbonate aquifer.

Experimental Study on Antimicrobial Activity of Silk Fabric Treated with Natural Dye Extract from Neem (Azadirachta indica) Leaves

Abeer A. Abd El Aty,Gehan T. El-Bassyouni,Nabawia A. Abdel-Zaher,Osiris W. Guirguis 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.9

In the present study, a novel eco-friendly production of silk fabrics dyed with different natural dye bath concentrations (40, 80, 120, 160, 200 and 240 g/l) extracted from neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves was developed. The surface morphology of the fabrics was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the chemical structure of the fabrics. The SEM images of the undyed fabric show that the fabric was tightly woven with little porosity between the fibres with dozens of silk threads in orthogonal directions. By increasing the neem concentration, a scale of fine particles grew on the surface of the silk fabrics with little macroscopical defects was demonstrated. The fiber diameters and tightness between filaments were significantly increased. The FTIR displayed that, neem dye does not change the characteristic peaks of the silk fabrics. Also, the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of the undyed and neem dyed silk fabrics was monitored for Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria in addition to yeasts and fungi by using the agar diffusion method. The comparison between the different dye bath concentrations was based on the inhibition zones obtained after incubation. The antimicrobial activity in leaf extract of neem was estimated in Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus cereus (Gram positive bacteria); Escherichia coli (Gram negative bacteria); Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis (yeasts); and Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani (fungi). The results emphasized that, the highest neem dye bath concentration (240 g/l) was found to display good inhibitory effect against the Gram positive and reasonable activity against the Gram negative bacteria. Furthermore, the different dye bath concentrations possess no activities against yeast and fungi. In conclusion, the data reveal that the increase of neem dye concentration does not damage the silk fabric; however, it improves its antimicrobial activity by incorporating with antimicrobial agent. The current study highlighted that using neem leaves had beneficial effect in controlling the pathogenic microbial organisms.