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자녀(子女)의 성구성(性構成)이 출산조절행위(出産調節行爲)에 미치는 영향분석(影響分析)
함희순 ( Hee Soon Hahm ),고갑석 ( Kap Suk Koh ) 한국보건사회연구원 1981 保健社會硏究 Vol.1 No.1
This study attempts to analyze the effect of sex composition on fertility control behavior of Korean women. As has been known, the son preference is still prevailing among Korea, even though the nation`s fertility declined from 6.0 in 1960 to 2.6 in 1979. Moreover, nobody can assure that the fertility level will continuously decrease or will not because the son preference still remains as a barrior to family planning in Korea With this background, it is possible to assume that Korean women`s fertility control behaviors are likely to be sex composition besides the number of children. The data used in this study came from the "1979 Korea Contraceptive Prevalance Survey" which was conducted jointly by KIFP and Westinghouse Health Systems in 1979. Out of total respondents who ever-married and aged 15-49 women, 9256 who have one, two, three or four children were selected for this analysis. As analytical tools, ANOVA and MCA were used to test the relationships between dependent and independent variables, and analyze the pattern of such relationships by sex-composition categories. The current status of the sex composition of Korean women. was reviewed In com-parison with Sheps` theoretical probability at birth by sex composition . Among several sex compositions, the preponderance of each sex deviated from h is theoretical probabili-ty. Especially, the son`s preponderance exceeded the probability and the daughter`s didn`t reach the probability, This means that the current status of sex composition reflected the Korean`s son preference. The most preferred sex composition of Korean Women is "2 sons and 1 daughter" This was followed by "3 sons and 1 daughter" and "1 son and 1 daughter ". Reversely, their most unfavored sex compositions are "3 daughters and 1 son" and "2 daughters and 1 son". This would also indicate the other side of Korean son preference. Fertility control behaviors by sex composition varied a great deal. Higher practice rate of contraceptive were seen among women who had sons than among women with daughter`s. Induced abortion, which is one of the strong birth control methods showed a pattern similar to that found in contraceptive practice. it means that women, who have her favored number of sons or her satisfied sex combination, are going to control their child birth more actively and effectively. But women, who have only daughters or don`t have the favored sex combination, tends to neglect the fertility control and are likely to progress to the next number of children. The results of analysis show that the women`s contraceptive practice was related significantly with sex composition. experience of induced abortion, and number of children. Contraceptive behavior was affected from these three variables. The most powerful effects among them came from the experience of induced abortion and then, from sex composition. The effects of sex composition could be decomposed into from ef-fects of sex preponderance and that of mixed composition. The former was negatively associated with women`s contraceptive use and the latter promoted contraceptive use more effectively. It is an unexpected result that sex preponderance for only son`s is also associated with neglect of birth control. Number of induced abortion was related Significantly with sex composition. number of children and contraceptive practice. Number of induced abortion was also affected by these three variables. The most powerful effects among them came from sex composi-tion and then, from contraceptive practice. The effects of sex composition could be also decomposed into the sex preponderance`s and mixed combination`s. The effects came from the mixed combination associated positively with number of induced abortion and also were much more than that in contraceptive practice.
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