http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Soil Erosion Assessment Tool - Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP)
Min-Kyeong Kim(김민경),Seong-Jin Park(박성진),Chul-Man Choi(최철만),Byong-Gu Ko(고병구),Jong-Sik Lee(이종식),D.C. Flanagan 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.41 No.4
토양침식을 예측하는 WEPP(Water Erosion Prediction Project)모델은 연방 정부기관이 토양과 물 보전 및 환경을 계획하고 평가하는데 활용하고자 1985년 8월 차세대 물에 의한 토양침식을 예측하기 위해 만들어졌다. 미농무성 농업연구소에 의해 개발된 WEPP 모델은 경험적인 침식 예측을 위한 도구로써 침투, 유거수, 강우와 물에 의한 토양입자의 분리, 침전물의 이동, 퇴적, 작물의 생장 및 수확 후 잔여물의 분해 등을 포함한 토양 침식과 관련된 많은 중요한 물리적 과정을 모의한다. WEPP 모델은 모델을 구성하는 모듈의 입력자료와 모델을 시험하기 위해서 필요한 자료를 경작지, 초지, 산림 등 광대한 현장 실험 결과들로부터 얻었다. 미국내 여러 농업연구소와 협력 대학 등 수 많은 연구소의 큰 노력으로 모델을 만들 수 있었다. WEPP 모델은 경사지 혹은 작은 유역 규모에 적용이 가능하며, 물리적 모델이기 때문에 미국과 다른 여러 나라에서 중요한 자연자원을 효과적으로 평가할 수 있다. 최근 들어 DOS프로그램으로 만들어진 초기 WEPP모델을 윈도우 인터페이스와 GIS 프로그램을 통합하여 향상시켰다. 또한, 바람과 물에 의한 침식을 통합 예측하는 시스템을 쉽게 이용할 수 있도록 구축 중에 있다. The Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) was initiated in August 1985 to develop new generation water erosion prediction technology for federal agencies involved in soil and water conservation and environmental planning and assessment. Developed by USDA-ARS as a replacement for empirical erosion prediction technologies, the WEPP model simulates many of the physical processes important in soil erosion, including infiltration, runoff, raindrop detachment, flow detachment, sediment transport, deposition, plant growth and residue decomposition. The WEPP included an extensive field experimental program conducted on cropland, rangeland, and disturbed forest sites to obtain data required to parameterize and test the model. A large team effort at numerous research locations, ARS laboratories, and cooperating land-grant universities was needed to develop this state-of-the-art simulation model. The WEPP model is used for hillslope applications or on small watersheds. Because it is physically based, the model has been successfully used in the evaluation of important natural resources issues throughout the United State and in several other countries. Recent model enhancements include a graphical Windows interface and integration of WEPP with GIS software. A combined wind and water erosion prediction system with easily accessible databases and a common interface is planned for the future.
솔잎혹파리 耐蟲性 品種 育成에 關한 硏究 Ⅱ. 솔잎혹파리 耐蟲性 Pinus thunbergii의 針葉內 Monoterpene의 季節的 變化
C. S. KIM(金鼎錫),S. H. HONG(洪性昊),J. B. RYU(柳長發),C. CHOI(崔澈),J. S. KIM(金鍾秀) 한국육종학회 1976 한국육종학회지 Vol.8 No.3
Employing 7-15 resistant and 8-15 susceptible Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) trees to pine gall midge (Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye) as samples, needle monoterpenes were analysed by GLC in January and June, and observation was made on the oviposition preference. Following results were obtained. 1. In January, the resistant trees showed higher contents of myrcene, limonene, β-phellandrene and terpinolene but lower contents of α-and β-pinene and camphene compared to the susceptible trees. But in June, α-pinene, camphene, limonene, β-phellandrene and terpinolene were higher and the content of β-pinene and myrcene were lower in the resistant trees than the susceptible trees. 2. The content of limonene was higher by 6.8 percent and the content of β-pinene was lower by 9.2 percent in the resistant trees than in the susceptible trees in June. 3. No preference for oviposition was found between resistant and susceptible trees. But in the resistant trees gall formation rate was quite lower than the susceptible trees. It was considered. therefore, that limonene and β-pinene content in the needle might be used as an indicator of the resistant Japanese black pine to the pine gall midge regardless of season.
솔잎혹파리 耐虫性 品種 育性에 關한 硏究 Ⅰ. 耐虫性 選拔木의 虫廮形成度 및 含有 Monoterpene의 組成
C. S. Kim(金鼎錫),S. H. Hong(洪性昊),C. Choi(崔澈),J. W. Kim(金鍾完),J. B. Ryu(柳長發),M. H. Park(朴文漢) 한국육종학회 1975 한국육종학회지 Vol.7 No.3
Employing 13 resistant and 17 susceptible Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) trees to pine gall midge (Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye) as sample, observations were made on the needle length, the ratio of gall-formed needles, the number of larva per gall and the weight of larva. And, monoterpenes of the oleoresin of 1-year-old branches, new shoots and needles were analysed by means of gas liquid chromotograph. And, following results were obtained. 1. Oviposition of pine gall midge was also made on the neeldes of resistant trees, but the larvae were mostly dead afterward. 2. The percentage of gall-formed needles in the resistant trees was 2.0, and the number of larva per gall and the weight of 100 larvae in the resistant trees were 640 and 91.4 percent respectively of those in the susceptible trees. 3. No directional differences in monoterpene composition were found in 1-year-old branches and the new shoots of the same trees. 4. The contents of limonene and β-phellandrene were higher and the content of β-pinene was lower in the resistant than in the susceptible trees in the their 1-year-old branches and new shoots. 5. In the needles, the resistant trees showed higher contents of limonene and terpinolene but lower contents of both α-and β-pinene compared to the susceptible trees. 6. In all of the 1-year-old branches, the new shoots and the needles, limonene was always higher and β-pinene was lower in their contents in the resistant trees than in the susceptible trees. Especially the limonene content in the needle was significantly higher in the resistant trees compared to the susceptible trees. It was, therefore, considered that the limonene content in the needle might affect the resistance of the Japanese black pine to the pine gall midge.