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국내 과실 탄저병을 일으키는 종 복합체와 종 다양성 및 살균제 감수성
장태현,올리울하산,전종엽,김치현,이대민,김주성,강은찬,김재원,Taehyun Chang,Oliul Hassan,Jong Yeob Jeon,Chi Hyun Kim,Dae Min Lee,Ju Sung Kim,Eun Chan Kang,Jaewon Kim 한국식물병리학회 2023 식물병연구 Vol.29 No.4
탄저병원균(Colletotrichum) 속의 많은 식물병원균은 한국을 비롯하여 전 세계 과수 생산에 큰 위협이 된다. 사과, 감, 자두, 복숭아, 대추, 포도 및 호두와 같은 과실에서 탄저병과 관련된 탄저병원균의 종이 동정되었다. 형태적, 다중 유전자의 계통발생적 및 병원성 시험이 다양한 접근으로 실시되었다. 동정된 탄저병원균의 종에 대한 감수성은 살균제에 대하여 평가하였다. 2종의 종복합체인 gloeosporioides와 acutatum에 속한 9종의 탄저병원균이 국내 과실에 탄저병의 주요 원인균으로 동정되었다. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides 종 복합체 안에는 6종인 C. aenigma, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. horii, C. siamense 및 C. viniferum이 있는 반면, Colletotrichum acutatum 종 복합체 안에 종은 C. fioriniae, C. nymphaeae 및 C. orientalis이 동정되었다. 사과 탄저병원균은 C. fructicola, C. siamense, C. fioriniae 및 C. nymphaeae, 자두 탄저병원균은 C. siamense, C. fioriniae 및 C. nymphaeae, 복숭아 탄저병원균은 C. siamense, C. fructicola 및 C. fioriniae, 감 탄저병원균은 C. siamense, C. horii 및 C. nymphaeae, 오미자 탄저병원균은 C. fioriniae, 호두탄저병원균은 C. orientalis, 대추탄저병원균은 C. nymphaeae, 포도 탄저병원균인 C. aenigma, C. fructicola 및 C. siamense를 국내 과수류의 과실에 병을 일으키는 병원균의 종류로 처음 국제학술지에 보고되었다. 이들 병원균의 종에 대한 살균제의 감수성 시험에서 여러 살균제에 대한 탄저병원균의 종 간에 EC<sub>50</sub>값이 매우 다양하여 감수성의 차이가 크게 나타났다. Anthracnose, caused by the Colletotrichum genus, comprises a significant number of plant pathogens and poses a major threat to fruit production worldwide, including South Korea. Colletotrichum species were identified associated with anthracnose in fruits such as apple, persimmon, plum, peach, jujube, walnut, and grape. A polyphasic approach, including morphology, multigene phylogenetics, and pathogenicity testing, was used. Additionally, the in-vitro sensitivity of identified Colletotrichum species to common fungicides was also evaluated. A total of nine Colletotrichum species within two complexes, namely gloeosporioides and acutatum, have been identified as the causal agents of anthracnose in common fruits in South Korea. In the gloeosporioides complex, we found Colletotrichumaenigma, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. horii, C. siamense, and C. viniferum. Meanwhile, in the acutatum complex, C. fioriniae, C. nymphaeae, and C. orientalis were identified. Notably, C. fructicola, C. siamense, C. fioriniae, and C. nymphaeae were reported for the first time from apple, C. siamense, C. fioriniae and C. nymphaeae from plum, C. siamense, C. fructicola, and C. fioriniae frompeach, C. siamense and C. horii from persimmon, C. fioriniae from Omija (Schisandra), C. orientalis from walnut, C. nymphaeae from jujube, and C. aenigma, C. fructicola, and C. siamense fromgrape. Fungicide sensitivity tests revealed significant variation in the EC<sub>50</sub> values among specific Colletotrichum species when exposed to different fungicides. Moreover, the same Colletotrichum species isolated from different host plants displayed varying sensitivity to the same fungicide.
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오이 시설재배에서 키토산 처리가 토양 미생물상에 미치는 효과
박기춘(Kee-Choon Park),장태현(Taehyun Chang) 한국원예학회 2012 원예과학기술지 Vol.30 No.3
Soil microbial community and soil physiological parameters were investigated by analyzing phospholipid fatty acids extracted from the soils amended with chitosan powder and solution in a cucumber greenhouse. The soils were sampled at 90, 160, 200 days after treatment. Identified fatty acids were analyzed with principal component (PC) analysis. Chitosan powder soils and chitosan solution soils were separated from non-treated control soils by PC1 and PC2 90 days after treatment, respectively. And chitosan powder soils were separated from non-treated control soils by PC2 160 days after treatment. The ratio of fungi to bacteria increased significantly in chitosan solution-amended soils compared with the control soils 90 days after treatment. Microbial groups and physiological parameters were investigated 160 days after treatment: vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM) significantly increased in soils amended with chitosan powder compared with other soils, the ratio of gram negative bacteria to gram positive bacteria and cyclo-fatty acids to precursors were significantly higher and lower in soils amended with chitosan solution and chitosan powder compared with control soils, respectively, and the ratio of fungi to bacteria were significantly lower in control soils compared with chitosan-treated soils. The chitosan powder increased the ratio of aerobic to anaerobic bacteria and lowered the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids compared with chitosan solution 200 days after soil application. In conclusion, chitosan powder changed the soil microbial community and the effects maintained up to 160 days after soil application. The effect of physiological parameters on the soil microbial community started to appear 160 days after and continued up to 200 days after soil application of chitosan.
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상주와 영동지역 감나무에서 분리한 Colletotrichum horii에 의한 탄저병균의 탈메틸화억제(DMI)계 살균제에 대한 감수성 변화
안현정(Hyeon Jeong An),나희빈(Hee Been Na),임태헌(Tae Heon Lim),장태현(Taehyun Chang),송장훈(Janghoon Song),이동운(Dong Woon Lee) 한국농약과학회 2018 농약과학회지 Vol.22 No.3
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp., was one of the most serious disease in persimmon (Diospyros kaki). This study was evaluated to survey of Colletotrichum horii isolated from Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do and Yeongdong, Chungcheongbuk-do at 2016 growth responses on demethylation inhibitors (DMI) fungicides (prochloraz manganese complex, fluquinconazole+prochloraz, metconazole, tebuconazole) media. All isolates collected Sangju (127 isolates) and Yeongdong (148 isolates) showed inhibited mycelium growth over 91% on media with DMI fungicides in this experiment. Average EC<SUB>50</SUB> values (μg/ml) was lower in Yeongdong isolates than Sangju excepted prochloraz manganese complex. The lowest EC<SUB>50</SUB><SUB></SUB> value was 0.004 ppm from prochloraz manganese complex in Sangju isolates however 0.0046 ppm from fluquinconazole+prochloraz in Yeongdong isolates. DMI fungicides are judged to be sustainable because there is no change in sensitivity to the Colletotrichum spp. in two regions.
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상주와 영동지역 감나무에서 분리한 탄저병균 Colletotrichum horii의 carbendazim과 thiophanate-methyl에 대한 약제반응
안현정(Hyeon Jeong An),권오경(Oh Gyeong Kwon),나희빈(Hee Been Na),임태헌(Tae Heon Lim),장태현(Taehyun Chang),이동운(Dong Woon Lee) 한국농약과학회 2017 농약과학회지 Vol.21 No.4
Total 282 isolates of Colletotrichum horii were collected from persimmon orchards in Sangju (79 isolates at 2013 and 127 isolates at 2016) and Yeongdong (148 isolates at 2016). MBC (Methyl benzimidazole carbamates) fungicides (carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl) which are registered on persimmon, were evaluated to survey of C. horri growth responses on fungicide-media. All isolates collected in Sangju showed inhibited mycelium growth over 91% on medium with carbendazim (415 μg/ml) however, one isolate of Yeongdong showed 87.6% compared to untreated control. The sensitivity of C. horri isolates from Sangju to thiophanate-methyl (700 μg/ml) was similar between 2013 and 2016. The sensitivity of C. horri against thiophanate-methyle (700 μg/ml) was higher isolated from Yeongdong than Sangju.
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