Fine Structural Study on Compensation Effect of Red Ginseng against Methylmercury Injury to Brain and Gill of Fightingfish

정희원,이춘구,Chung, Hee-Won,Lee, Choon-Koo Korean Society of Electron Microscopy 1993 Applied microscopy Vol.23 No.1

버들붕어 뇌와 아가미의 미세구조에 미치는 메틸수은의 독성적 영향과 이에 대한 홍삼의 보상효능을 전자현미경적 방법에 의하여 연구하였다. 뇌 신경세포의 미세구조 변화에 있어서 대조군에 비하여 메틸수은만을 투여한 군에서는 수상돌기와 축색돌기가 상당히 확장되고 핵질과 세포질이 부분적으로 손실되었으며 ribosome의 수적감소와 mitochondria의 팽대가 관찰되었다. 그리고 파괴된 핵과 공포화된 mitochondria를 함유한 괴사세포의 출현은 특이한 관찰이었다. 반면 메틸수은과 홍삼을 병행 투여한 군에서는 메틸수은만을 투여한 군에서 보다 수상돌기와 축색돌기의 확장이 감소되고 ribosome의 수가 증가되었으며 mitochondria의 팽대정도가 상당히 감소되었다. 아가미 새판의 미세구조에 있어서는 Pillar cell과 arm의 붕괴, 표피세포의 확장 및 기저막의 비후가 메틸수은만을 투여한 군에서 관찰되었고 메틸수은과 홍삼을 병행 투여한 군에서는 메틸수은만을 투여한 군에서 보다 arm의 붕괴정도와 기저막의 비후정도가 감소되어 정상세포와 거의 같은 정도로 호전되었다. The toxic effects of methylmercury on the ultrastructures of the brain and gill tissues of fightingfish and compensative effects of red ginseng were investigated by means of electron microscopy. The brain neuron of methylmercury exposure group showed dilatation of dendrite and axon, numerical decrease of ribosomes, partial loss of nucleoplasm and cytoplasm and considerable swelling of mitochondria as compared with the normal neuron. And necrotic cell with ruptured nucleus and vacuolated mitochondria was noticeable. While, slight swelling of mitochondria, some dilation of dendrite and axon and numerical increase of ribosome occurred in the neuron of methylmercury-red ginseng treatment group as compared with the methylmercury exposure group. In the gill lamella of methylmercury exposure group, collapse of pillar cells and arms, dilated epithelial cell and thickened membrane were observed. While, in the gill lamella of methylmercury-red ginseng treatment group, arms were slightly disintegrated and basement membrane was some thickend as compared with the methylmercury exposure group. From the above results, it is concluded that red ginseng has detoxication effect on methylmercury toxicity and so takes compensative effect on injured tissues caused by methylmercury intoxication.

미꾸라지 장기의 (臟器) 단백질과 젖산탈수소효소에 미치는 아연의 (亞鉛) 영향

장미화,정희원,이춘구 ( Mee Wha Jang,Hee Won Chung,Choon Koo Lee ) 한국하천호수학회 1990 생태와 환경 Vol.23 No.3

Zinc accumulation, protein content, electrophoretic pattern of serum protein, LDH activity, and electrophoretic pattern of LDH isozyme in loach after exposure to zinc were studied by biochemical method and electrophoresis. The zinc contents of the normal liver, kidney, and whole blood were 4.86, 9.06, and 6.68 ppm respectively, and those of the liver, kidney, and whole blood were increased to 24.32, 10.70, and 13.44 ppm respectively after loach were exposed to zinc. The total protein contents of the liver, kidney, and serum of control group were 69.00 ㎎/g, 84.80 ㎎/g, and 22.08 g/㎗ respectively, and those of all organs of zinc exposure gorup were decreased to 44.80 ㎎/g, 50.00 ㎎/g, and 19.52 g/㎗ respectively. In the serum protein fractions of treatment group, the absolute values of α₂-globulin, C₃ (β-globulin), and IgG (γ-globulin) were increased, while those of albumin, α₁-globulin, and transferrin (β-globulin) were decreased in comparison to the control. And IgM disappeared after zinc exposure. The total LDH activities of the liver and kidney in zinc exposure group were decreased, while the serum showed the increased level of total LDH activity as compared with the control. In the LDH isozyme percentage, the liver of zinc exposure group showed the decrease of LDH_(1,2,4,5) fractions and increase of LDH₃. In the kidney of exposure group, LDH_(1,2) were decreased and LDH_5 was increased. While, serum of treatment group showed the decrease of LDH₁ and increase of LDH₃, and appearance of LDH_5.

무당개구리 ( Bombina orientalis ) 의 간장과 심장내 젖산탄수화물에 미치는 온도의 영향

정희원,이경애,이춘구 ( Chung Hee Won,Kyung Ae Lee,Choon Koo Lee ) 한국하천호수학회 1989 생태와 환경 Vol.22 No.1

Effect of low and high temperatures on the total LDH activities and electrophoretic patterns of LDH isozymes in the liver and heart of frog, Bombina orientalis were investigated. Total LDH activities in the liver and heart of low (0 ℃ ) and high (33 ℃ )temperature groups were increased in comparison to those of control (20 ℃ ), while LDH activity of low temperature group was greater than that of high temperature group. There were 6 LDH isozyme fractions in the liver and heart at low temperature exposure. When frogs were exposed to high temperature, 6 LDH bands were fractionated in the liver and 5 LDH fractions appeared in the heart. The percentages of liver and heart LDH isozymes at low and high temperatures showed decrease of LDH₁, and increase of LDH_5 in comparison to those of control.

버들치 간장의 LDH isozyme 과 미세구조에 미치는 아연과 홍삼의 영향

배인화(In Hwa Bae),정희원(Hee Won Chung),이춘구(Choon Koo Lee) 한국하천호수학회 1997 생태와 환경 Vol.31 No.1

N/A

버들치의 간장과 아가미의 미세구조에 미치는 아연 독성에 대한 홍삼의 해독효능

정희원,황혜란,이춘구 숙명여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1993 자연과학논문집 Vol.- No.4

The toxic influences of zinc to fine structures of liver and gill tissues of fish. Moroco oxycephalus. and detoxic effects of red ginseng were studied by electron microscopy. The hepatocyte of zinc treatment group showed partial destruction of nucleus. dispersion of chromatin within nucleoplasm. swelling of mitochondria. numerical decrease of glycogen granules. and fragment or rupture of rough endoplasmic reticula as compared with the control group. While. in the hepatocyte of zinc-red ginseng treatment group. nucleus showed similar state to that of the control. and mitochondria were slightly swollen in comparison to the zinc exposure group. The gill lamella of zinc exposure group showed collapse of pillar cell and arm. dilated epithelial cell. and partial rupture of basement membrane. While. in the gill lamella of zinc-red ginseng exposure group. pillar cell. arm. epithelial cell. and basement membrane were nearly recovered to the level of the normal cell.

Influence of different Temperatures on Foot Muscle Protein Patterns of Periwinkle, Littorina littorea

Chung, Hee-won,Lee, Choon-Koo,Choi, Shin-Sok 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1989 環境硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Electrophoretic patterns of water soluble protein fractions in foot muscle of periwinkles exposed to different temperatures were investigated. The number of water soluble protein fractions of foot muscle was 8 fractions at 20℃ of room temperature. And when the shells were exposed to low (-4℃) and high (45℃) temperatures, the number of fractions was increased to 12 and 13 fractions respectively.

Study on the Toxic Effect of Cadmium on LDH and Fine Structure of Gill in Eel

Lee, Choon Koo,Chung, Hee Won 淑明女子大學校 1988 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

뱀장어의 아가미組織에 미치는 카드뮴의 毒性的 影響을 밝히기 위하여 LDH isozyme과 組織蛋白質의 增感, 그리고 微細構造 變化를 비교 연구하였다. 正常인 뱀장어 아가미의 總LDH活性値는 28,542 U/1이고 카드뮴을 처리한 아가미에서는 19,899 U/1로 감소되었다. LDH isozyme의 百分率에 있어서 카드뮴處理群의 LDH_1은 감소되고 LDH_3는 거의 2배로 증가되었다. 카드뮴處理群에서 總蛋白質量은 감소되었으며 組織蛋白質 分劃數는 對照群의 11개로 부터 8개로 감소되었다. 새辨의 微細構造에 있어서는 카드륨處理로 인하여 pillar cell 외부의 基底膜이 비후되고 表皮細胞는 基底膜으로 부터 부분적으로 분리되어 붕괴되었으며 큰 腔胞와 lysosome이 나타났다. 새辨의 頂上部位에 위치한 血管의 內皮細胞는 다소 붕괴되었다.

Studies on Detoxication Effect of Red Ginseng Extract to Methylmercury Toxicity on Physio-Function and Fine Structure of Mouse Brain

Lee, Choon Koo,Chung, Hee Won 淑明女子大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

생쥐 뇌의 생리기능과 미세구조에 미치는 염화 메틸수은 독성에 대한 홍삼의 해독효과를 생화학적 분석, 전기영동 및 전자현미경적 방법으로 연구하였다. 동물은 대조군, 체중 kg당 15mg의 염화 메틸수은을 1일 1회씩 23일간 투여한 Ⅰ군, 그리고 체중 kg당 200 mg의 홍삼 추출물을 1일 1회씩 7일간 전처리한 후 체중 kg당 15 mg의 염화 메틸수은과 체중 kg당 200 mg의 홍삼 추출물을 병행하여 1일 1회씩 23일간 후처리한 Ⅱ군으로 나누었다. 총 LDH 활성에 있어서 Ⅰ군에서의 활성치는 대조군치의 절반으로 크게 감소되었고 Ⅱ군에서의 활성치는 대조군과 비슷한 수치를 유지하였다. LDH isozyme pattern의 변화에 있어서는 3 실험군 모두에서 LDH_1,2,3,4,5의 5가지 분획이 분리되었다. 5가지 LDH isozyme 백분율 분포치는 Ⅰ군에서 LDH_1이 현저하고 감소되고 LDH_5가 현저하게 증가된 반면 Ⅱ군은 대조군과 비슷한 LDH isozyme 백분율 분포치를 나타내었다. 총 LDH 활성치에 있어서 Ⅰ군은 대조군의 64% 수준으로 감소되고 Ⅱ군의 활성치는 대조군의 87% 수준으로 Ⅰ군에서 보다 훨씬 덜 감소되었다. CPK isozyme pattern의 변화에 있어서는 3군 모두에서 CPK_(1,2,3)의 3가지 분획이 분리되었다. 3가지 CPK isozyme 백분율 분포에 있어서는 Ⅰ군에서 CPK_1이 감소되고 CPK_(2,3)가 증가된 반면 Ⅱ군에서는 KPK_(1,2)가 약간 감소되고 CPK_3는 약간 증가되어 대조군의 분포치는 비슷한 수준을 나타내었다. 총 단백질량 측정결과를 보면 Ⅰ군의 총 단백질량은 대조군에 비하여 감소되고 Ⅱ군에서의 총 단백질량은 Ⅰ군에서 보다 덜 감소되었다. 뇌 조직 단백질 pattern의 변화에 있어서 Ⅰ군에서의 조직 단백질 분획의 수는 대조군과 Ⅱ군에서의 조직단백질 분획수보다 2개가 적은 8개로 나타났다. 뇌 신경원의 전자현미경적 미세구조 관찰에서 대조군의 정상형태와 비교할때 Ⅰ군에서는 핵질과 세포질이 손실되고, 수상돌기와 축색돌기의 수초가 확장되었으며 ribosome의 수적 감소와 mitochondria의 부분적 소낭화가 관찰되었다. 반면 Ⅱ군에서는 핵, mitochondria, 수상돌기 및 축색돌기의 형태가 정상세포와 거의 비슷한 상태로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 홍삼은 메틸수은 독성에 대해 해독기능을 가지며 메틸수은 중독에 의한 피해적 증상을 대조군과 거의 같은 정도로 호전시킨다는 결론을 얻었다. The antitoxic effects of red ginseng against the toxicity of methylmercury chloride to mouse brain were investigated by means of biochemical analysis, electrophoresis, and electron microscopy. Mice were divided into 3 groups of control, group Ⅰ treated orally with methylmercury chloride of 15 mg/kg, b.w/day for 23 days, and group Ⅱ pretreated orally with red ginseng extract of 200 mg/kg, b.w/day for 7days, then posttreated together with methylmercury chloride of 15 mg/kg, b.w./day and red ginseng extract of 200 mg/kg, b.w/day for 23 days. the total LDH activity of group Ⅰ was considerably decreased to about half that of the control, and that of group Ⅱ was maintained similar lever with the control. The LDH isozymes were separated into 5 fractuibs if LDH_(1,2,3,4,5) in all 3 experimental groups. In the percentage of 5 LDH isozymes, group Ⅰ showed marked decrease of LDH_1 and marked increase of LDH_5 in comparison to the control. However, group Ⅱ showed similar percentage distribution of LDH isozymes with the control. The total CPK activity of group Ⅰwas decreased to the level of 64% if the control, and that of group Ⅱ was decreased to the level of 87% of the control, which was less decrease than that of group Ⅰ. The CPK isozymes were seprated into 3fractions of CPD_(1,2,3) in all 3 groups. In the percentage of 3 CPK isozymes, group Ⅰ showed decrease of CPK_1 and increase of CPK_(2,3) as compared with the control. While, the percentage distribution of CPK isozymes of group Ⅱ showed slight decrease of CPK_(1,2)and slight increase of CPK_3, which was similar level with that of the control. Total protein content of group Ⅰ was decreased in comparison to the control, while that of group Ⅱ showed less decrease than that of group Ⅰ. In the protein pattern of brain tissue, the number of protein fractions of group Ⅰ was 8 which was less fractions in number than those of both control and group Ⅱ. Fine structure of the brain neuron of group Ⅰ showed rarefaction of nucleoplasm and cytoplasm, dilatation of dendrite and myelin sheath of axon, decrease in number of ribosomes, and partially vacuolated mitochondria as compared with the control. While, in the neuron of group Ⅱ, nucleus, mitochondria, dendrites and axon were almost resemble to those of the control. From the above results, the physio-functions and fine structures in group Ⅱ were less altered than group Ⅰ. Therefore, it is concluded that Korean red ginseng has detoxication effect on methylmercury toxicity and recovers injured state caused by methylmercury to the similar level with the normal state.

Biometrical Study on Shell Features of Perivinkle, Littorina littorea

Chung, Hee-Won,Lee, Chon-Koo,Choi, Shin-Sok 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1989 環境硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Biometrical variations of shells of periwinkles were studied. In biometrical shell features of 215 periwinkles, mean shell length was approximately similar to mean shell width. The linear regression equations of the relateionships among shell length (SL), shell width (SW), aperture length (AL) and aperture width (AW) were as follews : SW=0.9361 SL + 0.3445(Υ=0.9988) AL=0.6759 SL + 0.2149(Υ=0.9636) AW=0.6171 SL + 0.3958(Υ=0.9648)

Toxicological Effect of Methylmercury on Lactate Dehydrogenase in Organs of Killifish, Oryzias latipes

Chung,Hee-Won,Lee,Choon-Koo,Choi,Shin-Sok 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1988 環境硏究 Vol.6 No.1

The toxicological effects of methylmercury on the total LDH activities and LDH isozyme patterns in the tissues of liver, eye, and gill of killi-fish were investigated. 1. Total LDH activity in the liver of normal fish was 25,636mU/ml and that of methylmercury exposure group was decreased to 9,526 mU/ml remarkably. 2. LDH activeity in eye of fish exposed to methylmercury was decreased from 4,494mU/ml to 3,320mU/ml. 3. When fish were exposed to methylmercury, LDH activity in gill was decreased from 3,864mU/ml to 64% of the control. 4. There was single band of LDH?? in the normal liver and 2 bands of LDH₄ and LDH?? appeared in the liver of methylmercury exposure group. 5. All the 5 LDH isozyme bands were fractionated in the normal fish ere, and 4 LDH isozyme bands except LDH₁ appeared in the eye of the fish exposed to methylmercury. 6. The numbers of the LDH isozyme bands in the gill of the control and methylmercury exposure groups were 1 and 2 respectively.