미국 입헌주의의 역사적 전개

이금옥 한국공법학회 1998 공법연구 Vol.27 No.1

한국적 농촌경관 조성을 위한 제언

이금옥 한국지역사회생활과학회 2012 한국지역사회생활과학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.29 No.-

言論의 自由와 國家機密 : 미국의 판례를 중심으로

이금옥 慶熙大學校 大學院 1997 高凰論集 Vol.20 No.-

선거법상 낙천·낙선운동의 위법성 문제

이금옥 한국공법학회 2001 공법연구 Vol.29 No.4

블루베리 분말을 첨가한 증편의 품질특성

이금옥,김기쁨 (사)한국조리학회 2018 한국조리학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study was to promote consumption of rice through production of jeungpyun added with blueberry attracting attention as a functional food material and to develop a functional blueberry supplement suited to the preference of Westernized consumers. For that pupose, we performed physicochemical quality test and sensory test after preparing the jeungpyun added with blueberry powder based on a ratio of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% of rice flour. The results of this experiment can be summarized as follows. When the addition of blueberry powder increased, the moisture content in jeungpyun decreased, but there was no significant difference between the samples. The lightness and the yellowness related to chromaticity decreased and redness increased when the addition of blueberry powder increased. The pH of the dough in jeungpyun increased significantly (p<0.001) when addition of blueberry powder increased. As the fermentation progressed, the pH tended to decline. The volume of dough decreased when addition of blueberry powder increased. The volume was the highest after the first fermentation, and decreased after the second fermentation. Viscosity decreased significantly as the addition of blueberry powder increased, and increased as fermentation time increased, and decreased after the third fermentation. A test was conducted to determine difference in characteristics, and the results showed that the color intensity, cell uniformity, blueberry flavor and sweetness were strong when the addition of blueberry powder increased. The results of preference test showed that JB3 containing 3% blueberry powder had the best appearance, flavor and overall acceptance.

리더십이 조직문화에 미치는 영향에 관한 고찰

이금옥 용인대학교 산업경영연구소 2008 산업경영논총 Vol.15 No.-

The study tested what effects leadership has on organizational culture through an empirical analysis. As industrial society has developed and the world has become globalized, companies today face the era of globalization. In today's globalized world, leadership plays an important role and it has a great influence on organizational culture. In this study, a survey was conducted among the organizational members working in small and medium sized companies in order to find out what effects leadership has on organizational culture and attempt to suggest concrete and practical guidelines suitable for leaders to exercise leadership in their companies. The study divided the variables of leadership styles into transformational leadership and transactional leadership. To sum up the main results of the study, there were differences in organizational culture formed within the organizations depending on leadership styles; in case of a transformational leader, innovation-oriented organizational culture has been formed and stability-oriented organizational culture has been built up when a leader is transactional. In addition, the results showed that an organization in which leadership style and organizational culture are appropriate has achieved better performance in terms of organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover intention than an organization with less appropriate relationship. By considering an empirical analysis, previous studies, and market environment, the study indicates that the effects of leadership on organizational culture are not exercised by forced obedience or through transactional relationship but by employees' voluntary participation and stimulating creativity and vesting employees with a certain level of responsibility and authority. Therefore, it implies the leadership which improves the value of company as well as the quality of life of employees can improve organizational culture in a desirable way. It suggests that the leadership is highly related with forming and maintaining organizational culture and also it plays an important role in forming and maintaining organizational culture. Furthermore, it gives a useful information on what style of leadership a leader should exercise in order to form appropriate organizational culture for an organization in particular situations. Lastly, it implies that only when a leadership style of is suitable for organizational culture, the conduct-performance of organizational members can be increased. The results of the study would provide useful information for not only the related studies but also human resource management.

고추씨를 첨가한 즉석 고추장의 품질특성

이금옥,김기쁨 (사)한국조리학회 2018 한국조리학회지 Vol.24 No.3

This study produced instant Gochujang(red pepper paste) with enhanced convenience by increasing nutritional value and palatability, and by reducing production period, adding in the red pepper seed in the red pepper paste production in order to increase the use of the red pepper seed that is not used often as a food ingredient even though its nutrition value when producing red pepper paste was proven. Moisture content, pH, L-value, a-value, b-value, sugar contents, and salinity of instant Gochujang tended to increase as the amount of red pepper seed increased, while viscosity manifested the opposite trend. Sensory evaluations were conducted on instant Gochujang to assess differences in characteristics, which demonstrated that as the amount of red pepper seeds powder increased, the intensity of redness for the red pepper paste’s external appearance, luster, spicy flavor and taste, and savory taste were evaluated strong. Meanwhile, fermentation value, which is red pepper paste’s foremost weakness was evaluated as weak. Moreover, there was no difference in the size of the grain when compared to the contrast group consisting of regular red pepper paste. The results of preference test demonstrated that the RG3 with 30% of red pepper seed is optimal in terms of the external appearance, taste, texture and overall preference.

대통령의 사면권 행사의 법적 문제와 통제

이금옥 한국헌법학회 1999 憲法學硏究 Vol.5 No.2

자기결정권에 관한 헌법재판소 판례 분석

이금옥 전북대학교 동북아법연구소 2021 동북아법연구 Vol.15 No.2

자기결정권에 관한 헌법재판소의 판례들은 자기결정권을 기본권의 하나로써 적극적으로 보 호하고자 하는 취지라는 점에서 긍정적으로 평가할 수 있다. 하지만 자기결정권의 도출 근거에 있어서는 그 결정들이 일관되지 못하고 있고, 이를 설득력 있게 논증하지도 못하고 있다. 예컨 대, 성적 자기결정권의 근거를 이전의 합헌결정에서는 헌법 제10조에서 찾았지만, 그 후 위헌결 정에서는 헌법 제10조와 제17조에서 도출하고 있다. 판례가 변경되면서 기본권의 도출 근거가 달라졌음에도 그 이유를 명확히 밝히고 있지 않다. 또한 혼인의 자유와 임신과 출산 여부에 관한 자기결정권이 여성의 중요하고 내밀한 사적 영역임에도 헌법 제17조를 언급함이 없이 헌법 제10조에서만 그 근거를 찾고 있다. 이 경우에도 헌법 제10조와 제17조에서 그 근거를 찾아야 한다고 본다. 헌법재판소가 소비자의 자기결정권에 관한 자도소주구입명령제도와 전동킥보드 사건 등에서 는 헌법 제10조의 행복추구권에서 파생된 것으로 보았으나, 국민건강보험법 사건에서는 헌법 제10조 전체를 근거로 들고 있을 뿐 그 관계를 상세하게 설명하고 있지 않다. 소비자의 자기결정 권은 소비자의 자유로운 상품선택을 포함한 소비생활 영역 또한 사생활의 중요한 영역이라고 볼 수 있으므로 헌법 제10조보다는 헌법 제17조에 따라 보장된다고 해석하는 것이 우리 헌법체 계상 더 적합하다고 본다. 최근 헌법재판소는 ‘국적이탈의 자유’의 개념에는 ‘국적선택에 대한 자기결정권’이 전제되어 있으므로 국적선택에 대한 자기결정권을 분리하여 따로 살펴볼 실익은 없다고 보아 헌법적 근거 를 언급하고 있지 않다. 그러나 국적을 이탈하는 자유는 거주⋅이전의 자유와는 그 성질도 다를 뿐만 아니라 그 본질상 헌법 제10조에서 도출되는 것으로 보아야만 국적선택에 대한 자기결정권의 논리적 근거에도 부합한다고 본다. 결국 자기결정권의 대상이 어떠한 사항인가에 따라 헌법 상 도출 근거가 달라질 수 있으므로 헌법재판소는 헌법 제10조와 제17조 등의 규범적 의미와 내용에 대한 면밀한 검토를 통해 결정을 내려야 할 것이다. The Constitutional Court's precedents on the right to self-determination can be evaluated positively in that it is intended to actively protect the right to self-determination as one of the basic rights. However, the decisions are inconsistent with the basis for deriving the right to self-determination, and they are not convincingly argued. For example, the basis for the right to sexual self-determination was found in Article 10 of the Constitution in the previous constitutional decision, but subsequent unconstitutional decisions are derived from Articles 10 and 17 of the Constitution. Although the basis for deriving basic rights has changed as precedents have changed, the reason is not clearly stated. In addition, although the freedom of marriage and the right to self-determination on pregnancy and childbirth are important and intimate private areas of women, only Article 10 of the Constitution is looking for the basis without mentioning Article 17 of the Constitution. Even in this case, it is considered that the grounds should be found in Articles 10 and 17 of the Constitution. The Constitutional Court considered that the self-determination order system and electric kickboard cases derived from the right to pursue happiness under Article 10 of the Constitution, but the National Health Insurance Act only uses Article 10 of the Constitution as a basis and does not explain the relationship in detail. Consumers' right to self-determination can be seen as an important area of privacy, including consumers' free choice of products, so it is more appropriate to interpret that it is guaranteed under Article 17 of the Constitution than Article 10 of the Constitution. Recently, the Constitutional Court has not mentioned the constitutional basis, considering that the concept of ‘freedom of nationality’ presupposes ‘self-determination of nationality choice,’ so there is no benefit in separating the right to self-determination of nationality selection. However, freedom to deviate from nationality is not only different in nature from freedom of residence and transfer, but in nature, it is considered to be consistent with the logical basis for the right to self-determination of nationality selection. In the end, the basis for the constitution's derivation may vary depending on what the subject of the right to self-determination is, so the Constitutional Court should make a decision through a close review of the normative meaning and contents of Articles 10 and 17 of the Constitution.

공직자의 종교적 편향과 국가의 종교적 중립성에 대한 논의

이금옥 전북대학교 동북아법연구소 2015 동북아법연구 Vol.8 No.3

공직자의 종교적 편향과 국가의 종교적 중립성에 대한 논의를 통해 예상되는 헌법적 접점들을 조명해 보고자 한다. 먼저 공직자들의 종교 편향적 발언으로 인해 사회적 논쟁과 대립 축이 형성되는 상황에 대한 검토의 전제로서 ‘공직자와 종교편향’을 중심으로 고찰해 본다(Ⅱ). 이를 토대로 종교의 자유를 보장하기 위해서는 종교에 대한 국가의 중립적 태도가 전제되므로 헌법적 차원에서 ‘국가의 종교적 중립성’이 어떻게 이해되고 수용되고 있는지 등을 살펴본다(Ⅲ). 그리고 국가(정치)와 종교는 현실적으로 엄격하게 분리될 수 있는 것이 아니므로, 최근의 대표적인 ‘종교편향 사례와 정교분리의 심사기준’을 통해 그 시사점을 찾아보고자 한다(Ⅳ). 이러한 논의를 통해 정치와 종교의 관계를 재정립 해보고, 종교문제에 있어서 공직자의 가치중립적인 자세와 진지한 사회적 의제로서 근본적 성찰을 제기해 본다(Ⅴ). 헌법상 정교분리의 원칙은 실제상 그 경계가 모호하고 일정한 한계가 있을 수밖에 없다. 따라서 그 경계와 부합여부를 판단하는 Lemon test는 우리의 종교관련 입법이나 정책 활동에 있어서도 어느 정도 적용이 가능하며 나름의 기준이 될 수 있다고 본다. 그리고 국가(정치)와 종교가 각자의 영역에서 각자의 몫을 충실히 이행하고, 독자적인 생활 질서를 형성해 나가도록 국가의 종교적 중립성과 공직자의 가치중립적인 자세가 요구된다. 공직자는 우리사회와 종교 영역과의 밀접성과 관련성을 고려하여 국민 전체에 대한 봉사자로서 국민들의 종교 현실에 깊은 관심을 가져야 한다. 특히 고위공직자는 법적 문제를 야기하지 않는다 하더라도 그 특성상 정치적·도덕적 책임이 수반되고 사회통합에 저해가 될 수 있으므로 자신의 언행에 있어서 항상 신중한 자세가 요청된다. This study attempts to cast light upon expected constitutional agreements through a discussion about the religious bias of public officials and neutrality of a nation. First, the study will focus on "officials and their religious bias" as a premise for reviewing the situation under which arguments and conflicts occur in our society due to public official's comments of religious bias (II). Based on this, it will examine how 'the religious neutrality of a nation' is understood and accepted in a dimension of Constitution because a neutral attitude of the nation is required in order to guarantee the citizen's freedom of religion (III). And then, it will find out some suggestions through the recently established representative 'cases of religious bias and examination guidelines of the separation of religion and politics' since the nation(politics) and religion cannot be separated strictly in reality (IV). Further, it intends to re-establish the relationship between politics and religion and to reflect on the public official's attitude of value neutrality in religious problems as an earnest agenda in our society through this discussion (V). The principle of the separation of politics and religion has no choice but to possess an ambiguous boundary and a certain limitation according to the Constitution. Thus, it can be thought that the Lemon Test under which its boundary and compatibility are judged can be applied to our legislations or political activities related to religion to some extent and may be a criterion for them. The religious neutrality and public official's attitude of value neutrality are required in order for nation(politics) and religion to fulfill their duties faithfully in their own areas and to form their own independent life order. In addition, public officials should pay deep attention to citizen's religious realities as a servant for the nation, considering the closeness and connectivity between the religious world and our society. Especially, high ranking public officials should always maintain a prudent attitude in their sayings and doings because their political and ethical responsibilities attach to their power and position and because their speeches and actions might hinder social integration, even if they do not cause legal problems in reality.