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전기화학적 수소장입 시간에 따른 Hastelloy C-276 의 수소손상 평가
원두일(Doo Il Won),마영화(Young Wha Ma),윤기봉(Kee Bong Yoon) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11
Hydrogen damage in Hastelloy C-276, which is one of the candidate materials to be used in nuclear hydrogen plant, was studied. For this study, electrochemical hydrogen charging technique and small punch test method were employed. By the former method, two sets of the specimens with four different charging time were prepared. For one set, hydrogen concentration analysis was conducted and for another set, the strength characteristic was assessed by small punch test. The hydrogen concentration increased very significantly according to the charging time. On the other hand, the strength value assessed by small punch test decreased slightly. This result shows that Hastelloy C-276 has little change in the strength even though hydrogen damage occurs.
이호준(Ho Jun Lee),원두일(Doo Il Won),윤기봉(Kee Bong Yoon) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11
Hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity analysis was conducted for candidate materials of nuclear hydrogen plant such as Alloy 617, SUS316L, Hastelloy C-276. For this study, electrochemical hydrogen charging technique was employed. Hydrogen charging was conducted in 0.5M H₂SO₄ solution and current density of 100 ㎃/㎠ was identically applied to all of the specimens. For the hydrogen charged specimens, hydrogen concentration was examined. From the result of hydrogen concentration analysis, it is found that SUS 316L has the lowest value of hydrogen concentration compare with the other candidate materials. To evaluate the sensitivity of hydrogen embrittlement additional study on strength assessment should be conducted.
돈분뇨 액비 시용이 양파의 생육, 양분흡수량 및 토양 화학성에 미치는 영향
이종태(Jong Tae Lee),하인종(In Jong Ha),김희대(Hee Dae Kim),문진성(Jin Seong Moon),김우일(Woo Il Kim),송원두(Won Doo Song) 한국원예학회 2006 원예과학기술지 Vol.24 No.2
벼와 양파 2모작 논토양에서 효율적인 돈분뇨 액비 시용을 위하여 액비 시용에 따른 양파의 생육, 양분흡수량 변화와 토양의 이화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 사용된 액비의 질소, 인산 및 칼륨 함량은 각각 4.2, 0.34, 1.2g kg⁻¹ 등이었다. 추비용 액비는 시용 10일 전에 물로 2배 희석하여 월 2회씩 4회와 6회로 나누어 시용하였다. 기비는 질소표준시비량 기준으로 19,280kg ha⁻¹로 시용하였으며 추비에 사용된 액비량은 101,910kg ha⁻¹이었다. 양파의 초장은 정식 136일 후부터 186일까지 급격히 증가하였으며 화학비료구, 액비기비+화학비료 추비구 및 액비기비+액비 4회 추비구 간에는 차이가 없었으나 무비구와 액비전량 기비구는 양분부족으로 생육이 저조하였다. 구 비대초기의 구경은 무비구에서 가장 컸으나 그 이후 화학비료구와 액비시용구에서 크게 증가하였다. 엽 생체중의 변화는 초장과 유사한 경향을 보인 반면 구 생체중은 구경과 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 초장과 엽중은 화학비료구와 액비전량 기비구 및 액비기비+액비 6회 추비구간 다소 작았으나 구경, 구중 및 엽수는 처리간 차이가 뚜렷하지 않았다. 양파 구와 잎의 양분흡수량은 전 생육기간에 시그모이드 형을 나타내었으며 잎과 구의 양분흡수량은 각각 잎과 구의 생육이 진전됨에 따라 증가하는 경향이었다. 화학비료구와 액비기비+화학비료 추비구 및 액비 4회 추비구간에 양분흡수량의 차이는 없었고 액비전량 기비구에서 잎의 질소와 칼륨흡수량이, 구의 질소흡수량이 화학비료구보다 적었다. 무비구는 질소, 칼륨 및 마그네슘 흡수량이 다른 처리구보다 적었다. 액비기비+액비 4회 추비구에서 질소와 인산이용률이 각각 23.5%, 13.2%로 가장 높았으나 액비기비+액비 4회 추비구에서 칼륨이용률이 높았고 상품 수량도 55.0Mg ha⁻¹로 가장 많았다. 구의 질소, 인산 및 칼륨함량은 생육이 진전됨에 감소하는 경향이었고 잎의 질소함량은 생육초기에 가장 많은 반면 칼륨함량은 구비대 초기에 가장 많았다. 수확 후 토양 pH, 질산태 질소, 교환성 칼륨 및 EC 농도는 화학비료구보다 액비시용구에서 약간 증가하였다. 본 연구 결과를 종합해 볼 때 돈분뇨 액비를 기비로 시용하고 3배 희석한 액비를 2월과 3월에 4회 추비하면 균형적인 양분공급이 가능하고 적정 수량도 확보할 수있었다. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of liquid pig manure (LPM) on the nutrient uptake, yield of onion and soil properties. The LPM applied to onion field contained 4.2 g kg⁻¹ N, 0.34 g kg⁻¹ P, 1.2 g kg⁻¹ K and it was diluted with water by 1:2 for top-dressing, which was applied separately 4 or 6 times from February to April. The LPM application rate for basal fertilization was 19,280 kg ha⁻¹ which included 80 kg N, 6.6 kg P, and 22 kg K. The application rate for top-dressing was 101,910 kg ha⁻¹ which included 160 kg N, 13 kg P, and 53 kg K. The plant height was not almost different among treatments until 136 days after planting. Thereafter, it enlarged abruptly until 186 days, on May 4. The significant difference among CF and LPM + top-dressing by CF or LPM I was not shown, but no fertilizer and LPM only (it was applied totally as basal fertilization) made plant height of onion lessen at the maximum growth stage because of insufficient nutrients. The plant diameter increased after 136 days, and there was a significant difference between CF or LPM and no fertilizer from 186 days after planting. The leaf weight was similar tendency to plant height while bulb weight was similar to plant diameter. The amount of nutrient uptake in leaf coincided with leaf growth and the nutrient uptake in bulb swelled simultaneously with bulb growth. The difference between CF and LPM + top-dressing by CF or LPM I was not significant in nutrient uptake of onion leaf and bulb. But LPM only decreased in nitrogen and potassium of leaf and in nitrogen of bulb. And no fertilizer made a remarkable difference to others in nitrogen, potassium and magnesium of leaf and bulb. The utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus in LPM + top-dressing by CF were 23.5%, 13.2% respectively, more than the others. The LPM + top-dressing by LPM I was most available with potassium, and it leaded the most abundant marketable yield by 55.0 t ha⁻¹ as well. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents in bulb were inclined to decrease with progress of onion growth. The nitrogen contents in leaf maximized at the initial growth stage while potassium contents increased at the initial bulbing stage. The LPM application increased pH, nitrate nitrogen, potassium and EC in soil more than chemical fertilizer (CF) did.