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분자생물학적 방법을 이용한 지열시스템 관정 및 주변지역 미생물종 모니터링
안창민,한지선,김창균,박유철,목종구,장범주,Ahn, Chang-Min,Han, Ji-Sun,Kim, Chang-Gyun,Park, Yu-Chul,Mok, Jong-Koo,Jang, Bum-Ju 한국지하수토양환경학회 2012 지하수토양환경 Vol.17 No.6
This study was conducted to monitor microbial species dynamics within the aquifer due to long term operation of geothermal heat pump system. The species were identified by molecular biological methods of 16S rDNA. Groundwater sample was collected from both open (S region) and closed geothermal recovery system (J region) along with the control. J measured and control as well as S measured found Ralstonia pickettii as dominant species at year 2010. In contrast, Rhodoferax ferrireducens was dominantly observed for the control of S. In 2011, Sediminibacterium sp. was universely identified as the dominant species regardless of the monitoring places and type of sample, i.e., measured or control. The difference in the dynamics between the measured and the control was not critically observed, but annual variation was more strikingly found. It reveals that possible environmental changes (e.g. ORP and DO) due to the operation of geothermal heat recovery system in aquifer could be more exceedingly preceded to differentiate annual variation of microbial species rather than positional differences.
생물학적 칼슘화에 의해 생성된 CaCO<sub>3</sub> 광물의 정량분석 방법 비교 평가
안창민,배영신,함종헌,천승규,김창균,Ahn, Chang-Min,Bae, Young-Shin,Ham, Jong-Heon,Cheon, Seung-Kyu,Kim, Chang-Gyun 한국지하수토양환경학회 2013 지하수토양환경 Vol.18 No.5
This study was performed to develop a method for quantitative analysis obtaining the amount of calcium carbonate minerals formed when Ca salts biomimetically reacted with carbon dioxide. There were two methods compared; 1) volumetric calcimeter method that determining the amount of released carbon dioxide after calcium carbonate minerals were acidified by 4N HCl and 2) Thermogravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) adopting differential decomposition temperature breaking-up the structural link within calcium carbonate minerals. The comparisons were made by batch experiment (i.e., biocalcification process) along with control (i.e., nominal concentration of $CaCO_3$ prepared). For the control, TG-DTA took a minor root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 1.1~5.9 mg, whereas volumetric calcimeter exposed a greater RMSD of 28.3 mg. For the biocalcification, the amount of $CaCO_3$ was more precisely obtained for TG-DTA rather than that of volumetric calcimeter. It was decided that TG-DTA was more successfully used for quantitative analysis to observe the amount of calcium carbonate minerals derived from biocalcification.
매립지 복토용 슬러지 고화물내 이산화탄소 생광물화 고정균 분석 및 생광물화능 평가
안창민(Chang Min Ahn),배영신(Young Shin Bae),함종헌(Jong Heon Ham),천승규(Seung Kyu Chun),김창균(Chang Gyun Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.8
본 연구에서는 실제 매립장에 매립되어 있는 슬러지 고화물을 대상으로 생광물화 미생물 종분석을 위한 기초 연구를 수행 하였고, 또한 분석된 미생물을 배양하여 일반적으로 알려진 생광물화균과의 대조 실험을 통해 토착 미생물의 carbonate 생성능을 기기분석을 통해 비교 평가하였다. 시료내 미생물 종분석을 16S rDNA 시퀀스 분석을 통해 수행해본 결과, 다양한 미생물종이 관찰되었으며, 특히 생광물화 기작에 관여한다고 알려진 호기성 토양 미생물의 한종인 Bacillus megaterium과 금속을 환원시켜 미네랄염 상태로 전환시키는 Alkaliphilus metalliredigens의 근연종을 확인 하였다. 복토재에서 분리 배양한 균주를 이용하여 실험을 수행한 결과, 생광물화 균주가 주입된 실험군에서 미생물이 주입되지 않은 대조군보다 이산화탄소의 감소량이 더 컸다. 이와 연계하여 반응후 열중량분석기(TG-DTA)를 이용하여 탄산염(carbonate minerals)을 정량한 결과, 미생물이 주입된 실험군에서 대조군에 비해 약 30% 정도 더 생성된 것을 확인 하였다. 이러한 실험 결과로 비춰 볼 때 열중량분석법(TG-DTA)은 이산화탄소의 생물학적 전환에 의해 생성된 탄산염물의 정략적 분석에 적합할 것으로 판단된다. 이를 종합해 보면 복토재로 현장 매립된 슬러지 고화물은 매립장에서 표면 발산되는 이산화탄소의 자연적인 탄산염 전환 매체로서 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. This study was performed to determine whether biomineralization microbes were actively present underneath landfill cover soil producing biocalcification. From this, various types of microbes were observed. Among them, two species were dominantly found; Bacillus megaterium and Alkaliphilus metalliredigens that were known as biominerlization bacteria. With those microbes, CO₂ was more highly consumed than without bacteria. In response, the calcium carbonate mineral was produced at 30% (wt) greater than that of the control. At the same time, TG-DTA was successfully used for quantification of CO₂ consumed forming calcium carbonate minerals resulting from biocalcification. It was decided that the presence of solidified sewage sludge cake utilized as a cover soil in the landfill could efficiently contribute to possible media adaptably and naturally sequestering CO₂ producing from the landfill.
이산화탄소 생광물화 특성 및 슬러지 고화물 적용성 평가
민동희(Dong Hee Min),안창민(Chang Min Ahn),한지선(Ji Sun Han),윤순욱(Soon Uk Yoon),전은정(Eun Jeong Jeon),원종철(Jong Choul Won),천승규(Seung Kyu Chun),김창균(Chang Gyun Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2011 대한환경공학회지 Vol.33 No.11
본 연구는 이산화탄소의 생광물화에 관한 연구로 광물별 생광물화 특성을 알아보기 위하여 CaO, MgO, SiO₂ 수용액을 이용하여 bottle test를 진행하였으며, 슬러지 고화물을 이용하여 batch test를 진행하였다. 대상 미생물은 생광물화 관련 미생물 중 Bacillus Megaterium과 Bacillus pasteurii 종을 이용하여 실험을 진행하였다. 단일 수용액을 사용한 실험에서는 CaO, MgO, SiO₂에 대해 각각 1.1, 4.0, 0.3 mmol의 이산화탄소 가스가 감소되었다. 혼합 수용액을 사용한 실험에서는 Ca+Mg, Ca+Si, Mg+Si에 대해 각각 2.7, 1.8, 2.3 mmol의 이산화탄소가 감소되었다. 슬러지 고화물을 이용한 batch test의 경우, 슬러지 고화물의 양과 주입된 이산화탄소 가스의 농도에 따라 각각 다른 이산화탄소의 소모를 보였다. XRD 분석 결과, Ca 이온이 존재할 때CaCO₃ (Calcite)가 가장 잘 형성되었으며, SEM 분석 결과, 생광물화 반응 후 대상매체에 단립화된 결정이 더 많이 형성된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과 생광물화 기술이 이산화탄소를 저감하기 위한 기술로 활용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. This study was conducted to characterize CO₂ biomineralization on several minerals (i.e., CaO, MgO, SiO₂) by bottle test in an aqueous solution and solidified sludge using different aerobic bacterial strains like Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus pasteurii by batch test. These bacteria promote the formation of microenvironments that facilitate the precipitation of mineral phases that were unsaturated in the bulk solution. For one type of mineral solely amended, the CO₂ was reduced at the highest of 4.0 mmol for MgO while it was not that much lower for CaO and SiO₂ showing 1.1 and 0.3 mmol CO₂, respectively. For two types of minerals simultaneously amended, the CO₂ was reduced at the greater extent for both Ca+Mg and Mg+Si showing 2.7 and 2.3 mmol, respectively whereas it was less for Ca+Si at 1.8 mmol. For solidified sludge, the CO₂ reduction rate changed depending on the volume of solidified sludge placed in the medium and the input CO₂ concentration.. The reduction rate of CO₂ was increased with increasing the volume of solidified sludge. Results of XRD analysis indicate that CaCO₃ (Calcite) was dominantly formed among others (e.g., Aragonite, Dolomite). SEM analysis showed that the sample with Bacillus pasteurii, could more form minerals rather than control. As demonstrated in this study, CO₂ would be effectively sequestered in biomineralization process.
전기장 및 초음파에 의한 반송슬러지의 가용화에 따른 활성슬러지에서의 슬러지 감량화
윤순욱 ( Soou Uk Yoon ),안창민 ( Chang Min Ahn ),김창균 ( Chang Gyun Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2013 한국물환경학회지 Vol.29 No.3
This study was conducted to reduce excess sludge generation by recycling of return sludge to the aeration tank after solubilization by electric field charger and ultrasonifier. The return sludge was purposely broken-up to the ratio of SCODCr / TCODCr at 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, which was tested along with control (i.e., untreated). Solubilized sludge was subsequently treated in a bench-scaled conventional activated sludge reactor. According to varying SCODCr / TCODCr ratios, TSS in the reactor was correspondingly increased from 129 to 219 mg/L and TCODCr was also from 257 to 335 mg/L. However, TSS in the effluent was nevertheless kept lower at below 30 mg/L and TCODCr was also unvaryingly below 40 mg/L. For SCODCr / TCODCr = 0.3, the amount of excess sludge produced was at the highest decreased up to as high as 78%.