안전한 가로환경조성을 위한 공간계획에 관한 연구-태안읍 골목길을 중심으로-

안진근 ( Jinkeun Ahn ),김지현 ( Jihyun Kim ) 한국공간디자인학회 2016 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.11 No.5

(Background and Purpose)Pathways have been formed within the population``s various lives and culture, and retain functional, social, and cultural values. However, safety has become an issue in an aging environment. Many measures are being implemented to prevent crimes with the recent social interest in creating safe environments, and especially through CPTED, or crime prevention through environmental design. Local government groups are systematically applying crime prevention designs, but many problems exist with their long-term maintenance and consistent design application. This study aimed to contemplate the role and principle of designs for safe street environments, and to propose corresponding design strategies and application methods. (Method)The role, characteristics, and design elements of street environments were contemplated through literature research. Further, actual street environments were analyzed, and strategic characteristics for crime prevention in street environment designs were deduced based on the concept and principle of crime prevention design. An alleyway in Tae``an-eup was selected based on these results, and space planning was proposed for a safe street environment by studying the current situation, establishing plans, and implementing the strategy and operating and maintenance processes. (Results)A space plan for a safe street environment was proposed to create a new female-friendly street environment image by reflecting the selected street``s characteristics. The space was divided into walking, community, entry transition, and crime-vulnerable spaces. Specifically, regarding walking space, idle space was improved by converting this to resting space, and ruined walls were used to improve the region``s image by reflecting an image of a female-friendly alley. A community space environment was proposed, in which activities were increased by utilizing the idle space adjacent to existing cultural facilities. Regarding the entry transition space, the territoriality of the village``s entry was reinforced through design to convey that the residents managed this area. Finally, a crime-vulnerable space was fortified to ensure safety at night. (Conclusions)Crime prevention designs in street environments provide an equal opportunity to enjoy pleasant, safe, and functional street environments; increase opportunity for social exchanges among the residents through public spaces; and enhance the cultural sense of community. A safe street environment, in other words, ensures an unrestricted traverse and strengthens natural surveillance through space utilization by exchange. Moreover, a street environment is formed by the sense of community through design elements that reflect the region``s identity.

도시 특성에 따른 범죄예방(CPTED) 개발 연구 - 남양주시 금곡동을 중심으로 -

안진근 ( Ahn Jinkeun ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.6

(Background and Purpose) Securing the pedestrian environment and stability in the street space in the city is an important factor and essential condition to improve the quality of life of residents. Recently, the CPTED concept was applied in new towns and it shows that some degree of prevention had an effect on crime. However, relatively alienated or ramshackle areas remain exposed to crime in the old town. According to local governments, street environment creation, urban regeneration, and public design projects applying CPTED. But post-management and aesthetics were problems due to thoughtless installing. Therefore, this paper suggests presenting a plan for efficient and sustainable environmental design. (Method) Method of the study, we examine the recent precedent cases of crime prevention design and their effects and the main theories through related documents and reports. Next, by analyzing the environmental factors via the crime characteristics from the crime status and statistical data in the target site, the cause is removed and supplemented, and a design strategy that effectively applies the CPTED factors is devised and an execution plan is established. (Results) The crime prevention design strategy is composed of five elements of “CPTED basic elements (natural monitoring, access control, territorial reinforcement, activity reinforcement, maintenance)” to improve street environments tailored to the spatial characteristics of each alley. First, in the closed space with a narrow view, one of the major causes of juvenile crimes and various misdemeanor crimes, it increases the visibility and the floating population through induce natural monitoring to reduce the incidence of crime. Second, it aims to strengthen activities and territoriality by giving residents a sense of responsibility for space and inducing proper use by deploying suitable facilities and improving the street environment. Third, in the blind spot, CCTVs combined with emergency bells are arranged to control access from criminals. As CPTED-related technologies have recently developed, we plan to use CCTV and lighting, which incorporate technologies. Fourth, considering the post-management, which is one of the biggest problems in the existing, installation of facilities that are vulnerable to damage or the technique of painting on buildings or walls (fences) are minimized and semi-permanent LED lighting and rigid space and facility plans are organized. (Conclusions) Crime prevention cannot be solved with only a defensive design. First of all, if a pleasant urban environment is provided, the residents feel safe and lead a high-quality life. Therefore, the CPTED design of this study is expected to establish itself as an element that can further enhance the brand of cities by improving the urban landscape and changing to a safe environment even in old small and medium-sized towns.

국립박물관 휴게공간의 특성에 관한 연구

김정민 ( Jungmin Kim ),안진근 ( Jinkeun Ahn ),김주연 ( Jooyun Kim ) 한국공간디자인학회 2018 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.13 No.2

(Background and Purpose) The 21st century modern museum has been transformed into a place to provide various spaces according to social and economic changes, such as libraries, restaurants, cafes, educational spaces, and spaces to experience cultures, as well as exhibitions as a place for leisure and cultural activities. According to statistical data provided by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, the main purposes of enjoying leisure life among modern people are to experience pleasure, relieve stress, rest the mind, and provide relaxation, indicating that the importance of rest zones has increased in modern society. However, previous studies on museums have mainly examined visitor behaviors and the composition of moving lines and space, with a focus on exhibition spaces. Moreover, research on rest zones remains inadequate and lacks a fundamental basis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to organize the spatial characteristics of rest zones through an analysis of domestic and foreign cases by studying and reviewing rest zones in national museums. (Method) This paper examines the rest zones of national museums representing national and ethnic identities. This paper derived five characteristics, including comfort, convenience, complexity, connectivity, and accessibility, required for space design based on previous studies on rest zones, after providing an initial understanding of the concept of rest zones in national museums. In addition, this paper selected 6 representative places from home and abroad by classifying types of rest zones in national museums according to their functions and layouts. It then analyzed the cases according to the types and characteristics of rest zones and organized the detailed contents. (Results) This paper defined a rest zone as a place with cafes, restaurants with resting functions, and spaces including resting facilities and analyzed the cases of 6 domestic and foreign places based on their indoor and outdoor facilities. Regarding functional characteristics, external rest zones were mainly activated in common, showing that the open characteristic was strong. With respect to layout type, various exhibition spaces were planned on one floor in the domestic cases, but in foreign cases, characteristics of parallel arrangement were mainly created by organizing an entire floor as an exhibition space. Furthermore, as a result of analyzing the characteristics of five rest zones, comfort and accessibility received the highest scores in both the domestic and overseas cases; however, the lack of convenient facilities such as cafes and restaurants resulted in relatively low scores in terms of convenience and complexity. (Conclusion) Rest zones in museums can provide visitors with a variety of experiences and pleasures, not just rest, which can lead to an increase in the number of visitors. As the spatial characteristics for planning rest zones and the purpose of rest zones according to user types are becoming more and more diverse, further research should be conducted in the future. Finally, it is expected that the types and characteristics of rest zones found in this study will be helpful as a basic database for future research on rest zones in museums.

CPTED를 적용한 어린이공원 디자인에 관한 연구

김정민 ( Jungmin Kim ),안진근 ( Jinkeun Ahn ),김주연 ( Jooyun Kim ) 한국공간디자인학회 2018 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.13 No.6

(Background and Purpose) According to the National Statistical Office, crime is considered by the general population to be the most worrisome concern among various social security factors. As public interest in crime and safety has risen, the importance of CPTED in the theoretical prevention of crimes and accidents, instead of post-crime responses, has also been highlighted. Children's parks are conveniently accessible from residences and thus have a high rate of usage. Since children are an easy target for crimes and cannot make appropriate responses in the event of crimes, the application of CPTED on children's parks is imperative. Previous research has examined the application of CPTED in common housing residences, schools, and park facilities. Therefore, the environmental access of children’s parks and CPTED has not been deeply explored. This study explores and reviews the CPTED theory on children’s park to identify problems and solutions by conducting an on-site research and comparative analysis of children's parks with high crime rates. (Method) Six major strategies of CPTED are drawn, and the contents are detailed through an analysis of children parks and CPTED theory. Then, by requesting the release of information from the police, four locations are selected with high children crimes in Seoul City in ascending order: Nowon-gu, Eunpyeong-gu, and Songpa-gu, Dobong-gu. Children’s parks near detached housings and villas are located. Finally, parks with an area of 1,500 ㎡ are selected and analyzed with CPTED strategies. (Results) Of the contents of the major guidelines from the central government and regional authorities regarding CPTED in Korea, it was revealed that out of the case target locations, Gukhwa, Seogalhyeon, Ansangol, and New Town Children’s Park-, New Town Children’s Park had relatively lower results. As for the six CPTED strategies, natural observation, restricted access, enhanced territoriality, increased utilization, enhanced clarity, and maintenance, all four children's parks had noticeably low maintenance. It was revealed that although the CPTED theory was applied during the design stage and recomposition period of the children’s park, it had not been maintained, which caused the parks to gradually lose CPTED functionality. (Conclusion) Parks are accessed by unspecified individuals and therefore inherit the possibilities of various crimes. Applying CPTED to parks for children who are vulnerable to crimes, can reduce residents’ concerns and may also increase park access rates. Further research is required concerning the various ages of children and the types of crimes that occur at children’s parks. We sincerely hope this study can be used as base data when designing and recomposing children’s parks.

패시브하우스를 적용한 국내 정주여건 분석에 관한 연구

이승일 ( Lee Seungil ),안진근 ( Ahn Jinkeun ),정석환 ( Jung Seokhwan ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.5

(Research background and purpose) In order to create a settlement where human beings can live well, zero-energy through the improvement of building’s energy performance is necessary. Accordingly, this study aims at finding a necessity and an effective utilization direction about the utilization plan of a passive house based on a detached house with high energy independence. (Method) First, I consider literature materials and precedent research related to passive house and energy efficiency. Second, by selecting five places of detached houses in 2019 and 2020 that are most recently certified by phiko, I analyze the settlement conditions of domestic passive house by filling in the evaluation index that reflects the analysis of experts based on effectiveness, aesthetics, convenience, safety, and openness. Third, I suggest the direction of passive house that maximizes the energy efficiency based on the results and prepare the effective operation plan for this. (Results) I considered the effects according to regional characteristics or environmental factors, such as terrain, amount of sunshine, precipitation, and the direction of wind of target houses and collected the analysis results of domestic passive houses through the standard of evaluation index. First, although the energy effectiveness increased by adjusting the cooling and heating environment of the building interior through the awning effect that flows in and obstructs the solar radiation quantity in terms of energy effectiveness, the utilization of renewable energy, such as geothermal heat, wind power, and bio tended to lack. Second, as the result of analyzing passive house in terms of facilities, the most applied technology in house construction was high performance window, natural ventilation, and super insulation system applied to folding doors. Finally, even though the plan and design in terms of space layout of the building interior and surrounding landscape are good, the cases in which the amount used for insulating to ensure thermal efficiency increasing appeared as the price of A/V increased due to the aesthetic pursuit of external building. (Conclusion) Due to high temperature in summers and low temperature in winters, the high-performance window or ventilation system and super insulation system are mostly applied to heighten the efficiency of cooling and heating in the domestic detached houses of passive house. However, the utilization of renewable energy (geothermal energy, wind power, waste, etc.) besides solar energy shows a somehow weak appearance. This aspect thus needs consistent research and development.

전기차 충전 네트워크 브랜드 분석을 통한 공공공간 현황에 관한 연구

신윤선 ( Shin Yoonsun ),안진근 ( Ahn Jinkeun ),김주연 ( Kim Jooyun ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.7

(Background and Purpose) The automobile trend is rapidly shifting toward eco-friendly vehicles to achieve zero carbon emission, being pursued in response to the climate change issue. Focusing on electric vehicle (EV) charging network brands in the automobile industry among the currently established EV charging stations, thus study recognizes the problem of relatively insufficient EV charging infrastructure compared to the rapid increase of EVs. It aimed to provide basic data that could be used when building EV charging networks by analyzing the characteristics of public space. (Method) A theoretical review was conducted on the charging network centered on EV manufacturers; through previous studies, direct visits, and an internet survey, the representative cases were selected by dividing the construction status into urban indoor and outdoor installation types. Furthermore, EV charging stations were largely divided into public spaces and public facilities, and case analysis was conducted through a survey of EV industry experts and users, using accessibility, comfort, complexity, convenience, and location as evaluation items, through previous studies. Finally, quality factors of public spaces were specified in a diagram through comprehensive analysis. (Results) In this study, the charging station installation types were divided into urban indoor and outdoor installation types and analyzed. The results were as follows. First, accessibility and complexity were found to be high in urban indoor types, and placeness was different depending on the construction location. Second, with outdoor installation type, accessibility, comfort, and complexity were all high as an independently installed place. When installed as a charging network structure, the convenience was surveyed as a slightly low because it was installed at a distance from major convenience facilities to secure space. (Conclusions) Until now, the EV charging network was a place for EVs; in the future, however, it should be recognized as a space that considers EVs users. As the market is still in its infancy, it is an area with great potential for brand building and growth. Summing up the currently established cases, it is necessary to provide contents to users that can be enjoyed while charging; further, providing a minimum resting space would make consumers’ waiting time a pleasant experience. Expectedly, this study can be utilized as useful basic data in proposing a public space by identifying the characteristics that must be supplemented along with the existing charging network in advance, when building a new charging network brand.

대천해수욕장 워터프런트 공간계획에 관한 연구

김지현 ( Jihyun Kim ),안진근 ( Jinkeun Ahn ) 한국공간디자인학회 2016 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.11 No.6

A waterfront property is naturally highlighted as a space for leisure, tours, and culture by the natural contentment it inspires and its beautiful scenery. With increasing demand for water-friendly activities and to activate the regional economy, there are multiple waterfront redevelopment businesses currently ongoing. Unfortunately, in some cases, unwarranted development efforts have led to overpopulation and ruined the landscape. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose appropriate waterfront space planning by recognizing the spatial values of the space. For this purpose, waterfront space planning for the street environment of Daecheon beach was proposed. (Method)The subject of this study was the “street environment of Daecheon beach,” and the ranges were limited to the following segments: establishing an environmental design master plan” for national territories and implementing beautiful street sign boards. For the research method, waterfront spatial values were contemplated in the theoretical contemplation phase, and the characteristics of design strategies were devised by analyzing positive development cases. Based on the findings, a spatial planning for Daecheon beach was proposed in four steps: analysis of current conditions, establishment of strategy, design conception, and detailed planning. (Results)Firstly, regarding the spatial composition plan, in order to enhance the role of public spaces, a sculpture park, observatory, and meeting space were planned for various uses with the waterfront as their hub. To improve accessibility to the waterfront, green land was formed along the coastline, and a walkable road was planned for the pedestrian network. A curved pedestrian road along the coast was constructed to create a joyful and rhythmical space. Secondly, for landscape construction plan, a forest trail with a west-coast wave motif and a night landscape, intended to expand visibility, were constructed in order to maximize emotional satisfaction through the aesthetic impression of a waterfront landscape. In addition, a public facility was planned in order to express the identity of the street environment. For color plan, a low chroma was achieved through the application of a single tone color for harmony with the surrounding environment. A signage plan with the fa□ade and signboard of the building at its center was harmonized with the surrounding environment as well as the outside of the building. The wave motif sculpture expression was created to deliver the message and to reflect the unified elements. (Conclusions)Waterfront space planning may achieve better space utilization and accessibility by promoting amenities. Furthermore, as a public space, a waterfront may provide opportunities to enjoy a pleasant environment and designs to anyone and the establishment of regional identities through waterfront landscape planning is expected.

농수산물을 활용한 6차산업화 공적지원프로그램에 관한 연구(한국과 일본의 사례비교연구)

권혜숙 ( Hyesook Kwon ),도고야스시 ( Yasushi Togo ),안진근 ( Jinkeun Ahn ) 한국공간디자인학회 2015 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.10 No.4

(Background and Purpose)Population decline and aging of people in farming and fishing areas may cause economic competitiveness in such regions to decline, which puts regional economic issues in a serious situation. With the aim of solving such regional economic issues, the South Korean government, as part of its creative approach to the economy, is to enforce a variety of policies to rebuild the local economy through the sixth industrialization of the fusion of business. On the other hand, Japan, which has the same problem as South Korea, has been aiming to solve local economic problems by promoting a variety of support programs through agriculture within the sixth industrialization. In addition, universities and research institutions have begun to conduct active research with respect to such strategies in relation to promotion trends and case studies of the sixth industrialization. However, while various public support systems are in place to promote the sixth industrialization, research on how such schemes can be adjusted and managed has not been conducted to date. In this study, therefore, the contents and scope of each process of the sixth industrialization with respect to agricultural and marine products will be considered, along with the question of whether the appropriate cooperation and support is in place to allow the program to be developed and managed adequately. (Approach) This study aims to devise a public support management program to promote the sixth-order industrialization that evolved from the conceptual diagram of the sixth industrialization, and which has been promoted in South Korea and Japan. Using it as a basic framework, we will compare the contents of public support programs at government level for the sixth industrialization. The comparison considers the five types of support within the programs, which is enforced by seven items of the sixth industrialization process in the keyword, the content, and percentage of South Korea and Japan’s support program that is currently being promoted. A graph is provided to summarize the results. (Results) Japan in support project of the sixth industrialization process as compared to the assistance of each industrialization is taking the balance, South Korea support to the stage to promote the sixth industrialization there were many. In addition, a comparative study of South Korean technical equipment and facilities and Japanese support contents revealed that a great deal of support is given in areas such as market development; in addition, Japan’s support for intellectual services was found to be greater than that given in South Korea. Japan began to promote the sixth industrialization about 10 years ahead of South Korea, because in Japan the sixth industrialization was afforded a great deal of government support, facilities, and improvement of facilities for intelligence services, which is needed for the development and commercialization of new products. (Conclusions) In order to facilitate the sixth industrialization, although it is important to build infrastructure such as techniques and equipment for the production of local goods, such as processed products that utilize agricultural and marine products, the sixth industrialization must support the contents and scope of each process, support theme appropriate cooperation to control whether or not to allocate, it is necessary to build a capable program management system, in order to address population-reduction issues and problems in the regional economy, of as well as Japan as a fundamental measure should be to offer human resources training programs that will contribute to the sixth industrialization.

근린공원의 CPTED 디자인 사례분석에 관한 연구

김수민 ( Kim Sumin ),김주연 ( Kim Jooyun ),안진근 ( Ahn Jinkeun ) 한국공간디자인학회 2021 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.5

(Background and Purpose) As an increasing tendency of the crime rate at the neighborhood parks in recent days, the anxiety of citizens is becoming higher, and accordingly, it has been shed light on the importance and necessity of the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) for securing safety from crimes. In this aspect, this study aimed to first analyze the cases of neighborhood parks that have employed the CPTED design in order to prevent the ever-increasing crimes and to ensure that citizens safely use and relax the parks under the rapidly changing society, and then to propose a safe CPTED design of neighborhood parks based on the case analysis. (Method) In order to design the effective CPTED of neighborhood parks, this study explored the theoretical background of the issues to be improved through investigating the relevant literature and proceeded the in-depth study with regard to CPTED design of neighborhood parks by focusing on the recent study trend as well as the cases of CPTED design. In terms of the spatial scope for the cases, this study selected 4 neighborhood parks in South Korea in which the CPTED design was reflected. As for the study method, 5 domains such as safety, openness, utilization, eco-friendliness, and sustainability were derived from precedent studies as the evaluation items, and based on the domains and their details that were derived, the analysis was conducted on the 4 cases of neighborhood parks through surveys with the design experts and users of the neighborhood parks. (Results) This study analyzed the 4 cases of neighborhood parks located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do province of South Korea, which were designed by applying the CPTED design of neighborhood parks after 2013 and the analysis results revealed that the safety domain was insufficient overall. In particular, safety, which is deemed as the most critical factor in the CPTED design, as well as the position of emergency bells, which directly affects safety, received a relatively low appraisal in all 4 neighborhood parks. In this context, even though the design of a neighborhood park is important for crime prevention, it was believed that the location of a park also had an important impact on the safety. (Conclusions) Thus, from the case analyses of neighborhood parks by applying the CPTED design, it was concluded that the utilization of neighborhood parks can be raised by demonstrating decreased actual crime rate and reduced anxiety of citizens. In addition, it is expected that this study will contribute to planning and designing the neighborhood parks that citizens can safely use.

기술사회의 라이프스타일 기반 스마트 주거 공간디자인에 관한 연구

문보경 ( Bokyung Moon ),김주연 ( Joo Yun Kim ),안진근 ( Jinkeun Ahn ),황용섭 ( Yongseup Hwang ) 한국공간디자인학회 2015 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.10 No.2

(Background and Purpose) Residential spaces have been evolving continuously as a result of social, cultural, environmental, and technological changes, and human lifestyles have been in sync with these changes. Thanks to advancements in digital and information technology, residential spaces in the modern age are structures characteristic of a complex spatial system that facilitates human interaction and delivers new experiences. Thus, technology blurs the various boundaries of space. Accordingly, a new and smart residential space that functions actively and independently has emerged. Predictions regarding residential spaces and their formative changes have considerable significance in space design. The purpose of this study is to examine the features and types of smart residential spaces that are forming and changing according to changes in human lifestyles in the modern technological society. The directionality in design strategies for such spaces is presented in this paper. (Method) First, a literature review was employed to understand lifestyle changes that occurred after industrialization, their interactions with residential spaces, and modern people’s residential awareness. Second, an investigation was conducted to understand changes in residential forms that have accompanied technological advancement; contemporary types and features of smart residential spaces were also examined. Third, a strategic framework design was established based on the characteristics of smart residences; further, an investigation and analysis of previous cases regarding the smart residential environment were performed. (Results) Smart residential spaces form environments and structures that correspond to the life patterns of residents. An aesthetic and eco-friendly residence comes from a harmonious combination of natural materials and smart technologies. Additions to preexisting physical spaces ensure various information accessibilities; further, changes to residential spaces and environments reflect the need for unlimited sharing of information that does not require moving to a different location. The number of people seeking the conveniences of the smart residential environment is increasing. Furthermore, the smart residential environment requires a stronger technology-based approach. However, as technology becomes generalized and polished, emotional prerequisites associated with designs will definitely increase. (Conclusions) The primary concerns underlying the construction of residential spaces are humans and communications between humans and spaces-not the combination of spaces and technologies. Thus, construction is performed in response to the expansion of human consciousness as a representational method that reflects humans’ behaviors as they pertain to spaces. This study involved the exploration of a limited number of case studies; however, its findings may prompt various follow-up studies on smart residential space design.