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부준오,송정민,김륜경,김수영,김원형,강창희 대한화학회 2019 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.40 No.2
Precipitation samples were collected in the Jeju Island during 2015?2016, and the ionic components of the precipitation were analyzed to investigate the chemical composition and pollution characteristics of the precipitation. In a comparison of ion balance, electrical conductivity, and acid fraction for verification of the analytical data, the correlation coefficients showed within the range of 0.953?0.991. During the study period, the volume-weighted mean pH and electrical conductivity were 5.1 and 15.9 ?S/cm, respectively. The precipitation was weakly acidic, with a high frequency of precipitation (43.8%) in the range of pH 5.0?5.5. The ionic strength of the precipitation was 0.2 ± 0.2 mM, indicating that 44.5% of the total precipitation was within the pure precipitation criteria. The volume-weighted mean concentrations (?eq/L) of the ionic components in the precipitation were in order of Cl? >?Na+ >?NH4+ >?nss-SO42? >?NO3? >?Mg2+ >?nss-Ca2+ >?H+ >?K+ >?HCOO? >?CH3COO? >?HCO3? >?F? >?NO2? >?CH3SO3? >?PO43?. Sea salt (Cl?, Na+, Mg2+) and secondary pollutants (NH4+, nss-SO42?, NO3?) contributed to the total ionic species in the precipitation samples by 52.6% and 33.6%, respectively. The acidity contributions by inorganic (nss-SO42?, NO3?) and organic (HCOO?, CH3COO?) acids were 89.3% and 10.7%, respectively. The neutralization factors by ammonium and calcium carbonate were 0.44 and 0.21, respectively. A clustered back trajectory analysis showed that the concentrations of secondary pollutants were relatively high when airflow moved to Jeju Island from the China continent.
부준오,송정민,김원형,강창희,송상근,Alastair G. Williams,Scott D. Chambers 한국대기환경학회 2017 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.11 No.2
Real-time monitoring of hourly concentrations of atmospheric Radon-222 (222Rn, radon) and some gaseous pollutants (SO2, CO, O3) was performed throughout 2013-2014 at Gosan station of Jeju Island, one of the cleanest regions in Korea, in order to characterize their background levels and temporal variation trend. The hourly mean concentrations of radon and three gaseous pollutants (SO2, CO, O3) over the study period were 2216±1100 mBq/m3, 0.6±0.7 ppb, 211.6±102.0 ppb, and 43.0±17.0 ppb, respectively. The seasonal order of radon concentrations was as fall (2644 mBq/m3)≈winter (2612 mBq/ m3)>spring (2022 mBq/m3)>summer (1666 mBq/ m3). The concentrations of SO2 and CO showed similar patterns with those of radon as high in winter and low in summer, whereas the O3 concentrations had a bit different trend. Based on cluster analyses of air mass back trajectories, the air mass frequencies originating from Chinese continent, North Pacific Ocean, and the Korean Peninsula routes were 30, 18, and 52%, respectively. When the air masses were moved from Chinese continent to Jeju Island, the concentrations of radon and gaseous pollutants (SO2, CO, O3) were relatively high: 2584 mBq/m3, 0.76 ppb, 225.8 ppb, and 46.4 ppb. On the other hand, when the air masses were moved from North Pacific Ocean, their concentrations were much low as 1282 mBq/m3, 0.24 ppb, 166.1 ppb, and 32.5 ppb, respectively.
부준오,송정민,김원형,강창희,Scott D. Chambers,Alastair G. Williams,이철규 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.6
Real-time monitoring of hourly atmospheric Radon-222 concentration and three daily monitoring of the secondary aerosol components of PM10 were performed throughout 2011–2014 at Gosan station, Jeju Island, in order to characterize their background levels and temporal variation. The annual mean radon and PM10 mass concentrations were 2326 ± 1198 mBq/m3 and 37.1 ± 19.5 µg/m3, respectively. Based on cluster analyses of air mass back trajectories, the frequencies of air masses originating from continental China, the Korean Peninsula, and North Pacific Ocean routes were 53, 28, and 19%, respectively. When the air masses were transported to Jeju Island from continental China, the concentrations of radon and secondary aerosol components (nss-SO4 2 −, NO3 −, NH4 +) were relatively high: 2577 mBq/m3 and 14.4 µg/m3, respectively. In cases when the air masses have moved from the Korean Peninsula, the corresponding concentrations were 2247 mBq/m3 and 11.4 µg/m3, respectively. On the other hand, when the air masses came from the North Pacific Ocean, their radon and secondary aerosol concentrations decreased much further, 1372 mBq/m3 and 10.5 µg/m3, respectively. Consequently, the variability of atmospheric radon concentrations at Gosan station might be characterized by synoptic changes in air mass fetch as well as diurnal changes in atmospheric mixing depth.