보험료불가분의 원칙에 관한 소고

박정국(Park Jeong-Kuk) 부산대학교 법학연구소 2011 법학연구 Vol.52 No.3

보험료불가분의 원칙은 보험료기간 내의 위험을 불가분의 것으로 보고 이 기간 내의 보험료도 불가분적인 것이므로 보험자는 보험료기간 전체의 보험료를 청구할 수 있다는 것이다. 그러나 보험료는 보험자의 위험부담에 대한 반대급부이므로 보험자가 실제로 부담하지 않은 위험기간에 대해서는 보험자의 보험료청구권이 인정될 수 없다고 보아야 한다. 2007년 개정된 독일 보험계약법에서도 보험자는 위험부담에 상응하는 보험료에 대해서만 권리를 행사할 수 있다고 규정하여 이 원칙을 부인하고 있고, 우리 「상법」에도 이 원칙에 대한 직접적인 규정이 없으며, 「상법」 제649조를 해석해 보아도 이 원칙을 부정하는 것이 타당하다. 문제는 반환보험료의 산정비율에 관한 것인데 최근 대법원은 단순히 계약해지 시점을 기준으로 일할 계산된 보험료가 아니라 보험자가 실제로 위험을 면하게 된 부분에 상응하는 보험료를 반환해야 한다는 판단을 한바 있다. 그러나 이 또한 「상법」의 해석론에 근거한 판단이므로 여전히 입법의 필요성이 숙제로 남아 있다 할 것인바, 이 논문에서는 법원의 판결을 분석하면서 보험료불가분의 원칙의 일반론, 우리 「상법」상 보험료불가분의 원칙의 해석론 빛 미경과 기간의 보험료산정 · 반환비율론 등을 살펴보고 문제점을 개선하는 입법방안을 모색하고자 한다. Principle of indivisible premium is that insurer can be claimed for premiums for the entire period, because the risk in premium term is an integral and the premium in premium term is an integral. However, It is considered that insurance claims of insurer can not be recognized for the risk period that insurers do not actually bear, because premium is opposition benefits for the insurer’s risk. The revised German Insurance Contract Law in 2007 has been denied this principle by regulations that insurer may exercise the right to the equivalent premium to the risk, there is no direct regulation in our 「Commercial Code」 and it makes sense to deny this principle when you try to interpret 「Commercial Code」, article 649. The problem is calculating the percentage of premium returns. Recently, The supreme court was called to determine. to return not calculated premiums by the number of days of based on the at the time of contract termination but corresponding to the premiums in part of a risk-free in reality. However, There remains the need for legislation because this is determined based on the interpretation of 「Commercial Code」. Therefore, I will be discussed in analyze the court’s ruling, looked at a general theory of principle of indivisible premium, our interpretation of 「Commercial Code」 on principle of indivisible premium, the percentage of the calculation · return of premiums of unearned period and legislative measures to improve the problem in this paper.

미래 자동차 산업 전망과 현대모비스 전략 방향성

박정국(Chung-Kook Park) 한국자동차공학회 2019 오토저널 Vol.41 No.7

위장납입의 효력에 관한 소고

박정국(Park, Jeong-Kuk) 원광대학교 법학연구소 2012 圓光法學 Vol.28 No.3

The fraudulent payment for share by revolving is an fraudulent act of payment for shares as a way to promoters of the company borrows money from a third party and pay stock as a debt, to withdraw its payment from the bank of holds payment and to repay borrowings since the company established. But the fraudulent payment for share of this approach have had paid only a formal not to paid substantially. Therefore if the validity of such fraudulent payment is in effect recognized, the company's capital faithful is inhibited, led to the company's insolvency and thereby the order of Company Law would be dismantled in the end. For this reason, Germany 「Finite Act」 revised 2008 was defined as the hidden kind contribution contract is valid, a contributory of the employee is not indemnification and the fraudulent payment for share by revolving is to be indemnification of a contributory of the employee only if the company's return claim is fully secured through Article 19 Section 4 and Article 19 Section 5 etc. Also Act was defined as a compensation mandatory of directors has been recognized when the company paid to the employee amounts of non-payment because the company's return claims did not warrant through Article 30 Section 1, Article 31 Section 4 and Article 43 Section 3 etc. But our 「Commercial Code」 have to unify because there is no direct provision as Germany 「Finite Act」 revised 2008. But our Supreme Court has consistently determined that the validity has been recognized for the effect of the fraudulent payment for share by revolving despite the problems has been as clarified above, and there has been the possibility of a problem in a number of scholars are taking a stand to the effective. But this is only interpretation theory. Therefore eventually we will need legislative resolution such as Germany. Therefore, I would like to looking for desirable legislative measures to improved the problems of our current 「Commercial Code」 after reviewing regulations of Germany 「Finite Act」 revised 2008 by comparing, looking around doctrine and the Supreme Court Case for the effects of the fraudulent payment for share by revolving, looking into the fraudulent payment for share.

연구논문 : 중국 보험소비자보호법제의 문제점,개선방안 및 시사점에 관한 소고

박정국 ( Jeong Kuk Park ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2015 법학논총 Vol.39 No.3

One of the characteristic changes in the China insurance since the global financial crisis will be referred to the strengthening trend of protection for insurance consumers. China has strengthened the protection of insurance consumers through the revision of 「China Insurance Law」in 2009. Especially, China has transformed 「China Insurance Law」the advanced-type insurance legal system to further strengthened protection for policyholders and insured by way of invalidated the agreement provisions to be not described and of switched the scope of notice to the passive response duty. Besides China has reinforcing the protection of insurance consumers through the amendment of 「Consumer Rights and Interests Protection Law」in 2014. Especially, China has further expanded the scope of protection of insurance consumers by specifying the regulations for the new trading scheme such as internet·TV in accordance with the actual needs. But China has not professional legislation for protection of insurance consumer except for the 「China Insurance Law」and 「Consumer Rights and Interests Protection Law」and depends on individual regulatory system such as regulations or notice. Further, Even the current these laws has the number of the need part for revision. Therefore I think that Chinese authorities should be the legislative supplement for integrated legislation in order to avoid the infringement phenomenon of the rights of insurance consumers to be able to become more serious with the development of insurance business.

기존채무의 이행과 관련된 어음·수표의 수수 : 대법원 2010. 12. 23. 선고 2010다44019 판결을 중심으로

박정국(Park Jeong-Kuk) 부산대학교 법학연구소 2012 법학연구 Vol.53 No.2

기존채무의 이행과 관련하여 수수된 어음·수표에 관하여 당사자간 특약이 있는 경우에는 그 특약에 따라 기존채무와 어음·수표채무의 관계를 정리하면 될 것이지만, 당사자간 특약이 없는 경우에는 우리 현행 「어음법」·「수표법」상 당사자의 의사를 해석할 직접적인 명문의 근거규정이 없기 때문에 판례가 해석의 기준이 되어 왔는데, 우리 대법원의 기존 입장은 당사자간 '특별한 사정' 내지 '특별한 의사표시'가 없다면 어음·수표를 기존채무의 '지급을 위하여' 내지 '지급을 담보하기 위하여' 수수된 것으로 해석하여 유통성을 확보하고 어음소지인을 보호해왔다. 그러나 최근 기존채무의 이행으로 수수된 약속어음을 '지급에 갈음하여' 수수된 것으로 판단한 대법원 판결이 등장했는데, 본고에서 논의하는 이 대상판결은 약속어음이 기존채무의 '지급에 갈음하여' 수수된 것으로 판단한 최초의 판결이라는 점에서 의미가 있고, 무엇보다도 항소심법원에서 간과한 사실관계를 대법원이 자세히 심리해서 '특별한 사정'으로 타당성 있는 네 가지의 판단근거를 제시하며, 계약의 이행 전반을 통해서 추정할 수 있는 당사자의 진의를 참고한 해석으로 사적자치의 원리에 보다 충실을 기하고 있다는 점에서 큰 의의가 있는 판결이라고 할 것이다. If the parties stipulated to commercial paper·checks issued with respect to the implementation of existing debt, the parties might dispose of the relationship between existing debt and bills and cheques in accordance with special agreement. But, If the parties did not stipulate to commercial paper·checks paid, our current laws does not have direct legislation for interpret the parties' intention and if the parties did not 'a special circumstances' or 'a special intention', the existing position of our supreme court has been interpreted as to be paid as 'for payment' or 'in order to guarantee the payment' and so, they has been recognized as debt is the amount of side-by-side. But, Supreme Court ruled that commercial paper·checks issued with respect to the implementation of existing debt will be paid for 'in lieu of payments'. This has meant in that of the first decision to be determined by 'in lieu of payments'. Above all, This is a decision that has significant in that although the appellate overlooked the facts, Supreme Court has presented four proper basis as 'a special circumstances' for judgments of examine in detail and to clarified entity relationship based on the interpretation of intention of the parties can be estimated through the overall agreement.

조직성과에 미치는 영향요인에 관한 연구: 정보보호 성숙도의 매개효과를 중심으로

박정국 ( Jeong Kuk Park ),김인재 ( In Jai Kim ) 한국정보시스템학회 2014 情報시스템硏究 Vol.23 No.3

Internet environment and innovative ICT(information and communication technology) have brought about big changes to our lifestyle and industrial structure. In spite of the convenience of Internet, various cyber incidents such as malicious code infection, personal information leakage, smishing(sms + phishing), and pharming have frequently occurred. Information security must be recognized as a key and compulsory element for surviving in a global economy. Strategic roles of information security have recently been increasing, but effective implementation of information security is still a major challenge to organizations. Our study examines the influencing factors of information security and investigates the causal relationship between information security maturity level and organizational performance through an empirical survey. According to the results of our study, personal, organizational, technical, and social factors affect organizations‘s information security maturity level altogether. This result suggests that when dealing with security issues, the holistic and multi-disciplinary approaches should be required. In addition, there is a causal relationship between information security maturity level and organizational performance, and organizations aim to establish the efficient and effective ways to enhance information security maturity level on the basis of the results of this study.

연구논문 : 중국 회사법상 1인회사와 법인격부인의 법리에 관한 소고

박정국 ( Jeong Kuk Park ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2014 법학논총 Vol.38 No.3

China were defined the sole possession company of the country with type of peculiar one man company in the Companies Act, prior to amend the Companies Act October 27, 2005. But this has been caused legal injustice because of excluded the establishment of one man company by private capital. Therefore China Company Law that amended by 2005 and implemented from January 1, 2006 was provided the clear special rules about one man company of limited liability as to the purpose to addresses this problem, protect investment parties and keep seamless management of company. This legislation to recognized the establishment of one man company of limited liability will give help a privately held company to the legal protection. Shareholders of many companies abuse the limited liability since China enacted and conducted the Companies Act 1993. As a result, The problem situation that applying the damage to the interests of community public and company creditors were frequent in China. But because there was not direct regulation for problem solving in China Company Law China was introduced legal principles of disregard of the corporate fiction in Companies Act 2006 to overcome this. The introduction of legal principles of disregard of the corporate fiction like this will be responsible for effectively function as in prohibit the abuse of limited liability of shareholders and enhance a market economy system. Therefore I would like to analysis;review and evaluate one man company of limited liability and legal principles of disregard of the corporate fiction to be introduced in Chinese Companies Act 2006, focusing on the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.

정관상 목적에 의한 회사의 권리능력제한에 관한 소고 : 영미법상의 능력외 이론을 중심으로

박정국(Park, Jeongkuk) 전남대학교 법학연구소 2012 법학논총 Vol.32 No.1

정관상 목적에 의한 권리능력의 제한과 관련해서는 우리 「민법」 제34조에서 법인의 권리능력제한을 규정하고 있을 뿐 회사의 권리능력제한에 관해서는 우리 「상법」상 근거규정이 없으므로 「민법」 제34조를 회사에도 유추·적용하여 정관상 목적에 의한 권리능력의 제한을 인정할 것인가의 문제가 제기되어 견해가 대립되고 있는데 다수 견해는 제한부정설을 취하고 있지만 우리 대법원은 원칙적으로 제한긍정설을 취하면서도 실질적으로는 제한부정설에 가까운 태도를 취함으로써, 결과적으로 다수 견해 및 대법원 모두 대외관계에서 회사와 거래한 상대방을 보호하는 판단을 하고 있다. 그러나 정관상 목적범위와 관련해서는 우리 현행 「상법」상 명시적인 규정이 없고, 대법원도 명시적으로 제한부정설을 취하고 있는 것은 아니며, 실제로 정관상 목적범위외의 행위로 말미암아 손해가 발생된 경우 이를 무효화하기 위한 법적 수단이 필요하고, 현행 「상법」상 규정된 이사의 해임·위법행위유지 및 손해배상 등을 청구하기 위해서는 정관상 목적범위에 관한 기준정립이 필요한바, 회사의 권리능력에 관한 영미법상의 능력외 이론이 비록 현재는 상당한 제한 내지 사실상 폐기되었다고 하더라도 우리에게는 현실적으로 정관상 목적범위내의 행위를 해석함에 있어 여전히 필요성을 갖는다고 할 것인바, 우리 대법원 판례의 분석을 통해서 그 의미를 검토하고자 한다. With regard to limit of legal capacity by the purpose of the articles of incorporation, our 「Civil Law」 article 34 has provision on limit of legal capacity but our 「Commercial Law」has this of the company. So, The problem was raised to whether recognize or not limit of legal capacity by the purpose of the articles of incorporation by applying 「Civil Law」 article 34 to company and views has been opposing. The opinion of majority has denied the limit but the our Supreme Court has denied it, as a result, The opinion of majority and the Supreme Court has been judgment to protect the counterparty. But, With regard to the scope of purpose of the articles of incorporation, the our current 「Commercial Law」 has not explicit provisions, in addition, the our Supreme Court has not denied the limit of legal capacity, it is necessary to legal means for disabling if damage has occurred and in order to qualify for damages of our current 「Commercial Law」, it is necessary to interpret the Ultra Vires Doctrine in Common Law. Therefore, I would like to review its meaning through the analysis of cases of our Supreme Court.

현행 「상법」상 자기주식의 취득,처분 및 소각에 관한 소고

박정국 ( Jiong Kuk Park ) 단국대학교 법학연구소 2013 법학논총 Vol.37 No.1

Treasury stock of the 「Commercial Code」 is issued by the company and transferred in company from shareholders again. The acquisition, disposition and cancellation of these treasury shares can be important financial management strategies in the company`s operating. But abuse of treasury shares may cause problems from company management and transaction safety. Therefore countries around the world is based on the provisions of regulations and security. The former 「Commercial Code」 of revision in Korea has allowed the acquisition of treasury shares exceptionally if necessary, but prohibited in principle. However the 「Capital Market Code」 was allowed to acquire the acquisition of treasury shares in principle, if compliance of the scope of the available profit for dividends. But many scholars have been argued that there is no legitimate reason for the dualistic discrimination handling of the 「Commercial Code」 and the 「Capital Market Code」 and raised steadily the necessity of revising of obtaining regulatory provisions. As a result, 「Commercial Code」 was revised in 2011 and it has reduced unnecessary regulations for company`s operations and resolved legally the regulatory problems of discrimination according to whether listed or not. But the current 「Commercial Code」 also involves a certain part of the problem such as misuse or the risk of market disruption of treasury stock. Therefore, I would like to seek to desirable improvement about them in this paper.

초과보험에 관한 소고

박정국(Park, Jeong-Kuk) 동아대학교 법학연구소 2012 東亞法學 Vol.- No.54

초과보험은 손해보험에서 실손해보상의 원리를 실현하기 위해 마련된 규정으로, 보험이 기평가보험인가 미평가보험인가에 따라서 초과보험여부의 판단기준ㆍ손해보상액의 산정기준 및 보상액 등이 달라질 수 있다. 비교법적으로, 영국 해상보험법은 기평가보험에서 협정가액의 확정성을 밝히고 있고, 독일 보험계약법 및 일본 보험법은 미평가보험에 관한 규정이 없다. 이에 비해 우리 현행 「상법」은 협정가액의 불확정성 규정 및 미평가보험의 산정기준에 관한 규정을 두고 있다. 문제는 기평가보험에서 협정가액의 불확정성을 규정한 「상법」 제670조 단서와 미평가보험에서 손해액 산정기준인 동법 제671조에 관하여 개정입법이 필요하다는 점인데, 여전히 해석론으로 해결하고 있는바, 이 논문에서는 초과보험 관련규정의 비교법적 검토를 통하여 문제점을 개선하는 바람직한 입법방안을 모색하고자 한다. Over insurance are designed regulations to realize the principle of the compensation for actual losses in property insurance and may vary criteria of whether the over insurance or not, calculation standards of compensation for damages and reward whether a valued policy or an unvalued policy. Compare legally, British Marine Insurance Act is clarify confirmation of the agreed value in a valued policy, there is no regulation on an unvalued policy in German Insurance Contract Law and Japan Insurance Law. By comparison, there are regulations for uncertainty of the agreed value and calculation standards of an unvalued policy in our 「Commercial Code」. The problem is necessity of legislative amendments for the exception rule of section 670 of the 「Commercial Code」 in uncertainty of the agreed value and section 671 of the 「Commercial Code」 in calculation standards of damages. Therefore, I will be discussed in legislative measures to improve the problem on the basis of legal review comparison of terms of over insurance in this paper.