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착유우 (搾乳牛) 의 볏짚사료위주 사육시 양조부산물 (釀造副産物) 과 Beet Pulp 첨가에 관한 연구
지설하(S . H . Chee),박창식(C . S . Park),김준식(J . S . Kim),박상문(S . M . Park),하종규(J . K . Ha) 한국축산학회 1992 한국축산학회지 Vol.34 No.5
The current studies were conducted to determine the effect of feeding value of brewers grain(BG) and beet pulp(BP) for lactating cows compared to corn silage and hay with rice straw. Twelve lactating cows were alloted into 3 × 3 Latin square method to determine the effect of feeding BG and BP with rice straw on lactating performance. Whole tract nutritive digestion, ruminal dry matter and protein degradation, and protein retention rate were also examined with sheep. The results obtained from present experiments are as follows; 1. Daily milk yield of cows fed corn silage-hay (CS-H), rice straw-beet pulp-brewers grain (RS-BP-BG) and rice straw-beet pulp (RS-BP) was 18.12, 19.21 and 18.32㎏, respectively. Cows fed RS-BP-BG had the highest milk yield(P$lt;0.05). Milk fat and liveweight were not affected by diets. 2. No significant differences on ruminal C₂ and C₄ concentrations were observed among experimental feeds, but C₃ concentration in CS-H, RS-BP-BG and RS-BP were 13.60, 37.18 and 31.82 mM/L(P$lt;0.05). Sheep fed CS-H had the highest ruminal P (6.2), while those fed RS-BP showed the lowest ruminal P (5.7) (P$lt; 0.05). 3. Percent dry matter disappearances of experimental diets containing CS-H, RS-BP-BG and RS-BP in the rumen were 66.7, 63.3 and 69.2%, and the protein disappearances from nylon bags incubated for 24 hrs were 66.7, 61.3 and 67.1%, respectively. 4. Whole tract dry matter, protein, NDF and ADF digestion was influenced by dietry treatment with highest digestibility in sheep fed RS-BP (P$lt;0.05), while no significant differences on digestibilities of ether extract and crude ash were observed among diets. 5. Sheep fed CS-H had the highest total N intake, and RS-BP had the highest N retention (35.86%) (P$lt; 0.05). 6. Total viable counts of bacteria in the rumen of sheep fed CS-H, RS-BP-BG and RS-BP were 3.63×10^9, 3.91×10^9 and 4.05×10^9/㎖, and cellulolytic bacteria in rumen content was 0.3×10^7, 1.5×10^7 and 1.1×10^7/㎖. 7. Gross income was highest for cows fed RS-BP-BG. In conclusion, the lactating performance was improved when cows were fed RS-BP-BG as a replacement of CS-H
제한급사에 의한 산란계의 합리적인 육성방법에 관한 연구
오봉국,박상문 ( B . K . Ohh,S . M . Park ) 한국축산학회 1973 한국축산학회지 Vol.15 No.4
The effect of feed restriction during the rearing period on the reproductive performence of a total of 300 pullets from colonial layer line was examined. The rearing treatments, which from at 8 weeks to 21 weeks of age, were A-control (ab lib), B-20% restricted, C-40% restricted and D-low energy ration (ab lib). Feed consumption was checked twice weekly in each control group and the amount of feed for the restricted groups changed accordingly. All groups were full fed during laying period after 21 weeks of age. The birds remained in grower cage until 21 weeks of age whereupon they were again re-randomised within a treatment on transfer to a layer cage shed with three replications each of 25 birds in a completely randomised design. The results obtained were as follows; 1) Mortality was not significantly affected by the rearing treatment in either the rearing phase or laying phase of the experiment. 2) In the body weight at 21 weeks of age, the full fed birds (control) weighted 1.43㎏ while 20% restricted birds averaged 1.24㎏, 40% restricted averaged 1.03㎏ and low energy ration (full fed) averaged 1.27㎏. These differences in the body weight disappeared by the time the birds were 31 weeks of age. 3) Restricting the feed intake from 8 to 21 weeks of age resulted in an overall feed saving of 20 to 40% during rearing period, however there were no differences between treatments in total feed consumption during experimental period(8-72 weeks). 4) In feed conversion, the kilograms feed required to produce a kilograms of eggs were less for the restricted groups. The restricted feeding groups (20% and 40%) were saved feed about 10 to 15% of feed requirement to produce eggs. 5) Feed restricted groups delayed sexual maturity as measured by age at 50% production, by 10 to 26 days depending upon the severity of restriction. 6) Average hen day egg production up to the end of the experiment 72 weeks of age) was 59% for the control, and 60∼62% for the restricted groups. Average hen housed egg production per bird up to the end of the experiment was 194 eggs for control, and 212 for 20% restricted, 209 for 40% restricted and 203 for low energy ration. 7) The egg size was significantly increased in restricted groups relative to control. The difference between restricted groups and control was highly significant for extra large, large and medium egg size. 8) In the economic analysis, relative profit was about 10 to 13% higher fur the restricted groups, compared to the birds on the full fed group.
정기화(K . H . Chung),박상문(S . M . Park),곽대오(D . O . Kwack),박충생(C . S . Park) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.6
A field experiment was performed to investigate the cause of retained placenta by season gestation length parity and sex of calf. and to determine the effect of placenta retention on the subsequent reproduction. days to first service days open and services per conception were evaluate in Holstein dairy cows. The cows which did not expell their placenta until 12 hours post-Parturient were termed as cow of Placenta retention. The time for placenta release was caleulated in the normal cows without retained placenta. The results obtained in these studies were summarized as follows; 1. The mean incidence of retained placenta was 24.4% in a total of 377 cows examined. Incidence of retained placenta was lowest in autumn calving cows(18.4%). in cows having longer than 286 days of gestation(20.0%), in 1st caking cows(14.7%) and in male calving but highest in summer calving(35.7%), in cows having shorter than 276 days of gestation(31.6%). in the 5th calving cows(28.2%) and in female calving although there were not significant differences between the respective groups. Birth weight of calves did not significantly affect the incidence of retained placenta Embryo transferred and artificial inseminated cows showed placenta retention of 33.3% and 23.9% respectively. with no significantly difference between both groups. 2. The times for placenta release in winter calving cows were significantly (P$lt; 0.05) longer than in spring and summer calving cows he 6.5±0.2 hours. but the gestation length, parity and sex of call were not found significant factors on incidence of placenta retention. 3. The period from calving to first service was significantly(p$lt; 0.01) longer in spring calving cows than autumn or winter calving ones. and also significantly(P$lt; 0.05) longer in the cows of 3rd parity than in tile cows of the 1st. 2nd, 6th and over parity. The results on days open and the services per conception showed significantly(p$lt; 0.111) lower reproductive performance in the cows of 4th parity but not significantly affected by gestation length or sex of calf. From these results. it seem to be no direct relationship between incidence of retained placenta and reproductive performance
보리를 위주로한 사료를 섭취하는 병아리의 소금 요구량에 관한 연구
이봉덕(B . D . Lee),권순기(S . K . Kwon),박상문(S . M . Park) 한국축산학회 1984 한국축산학회지 Vol.26 No.3
This study was conducted to determine the optimum level of dietary salt in barley-based diets for growing chickens. In Feeding Trial 1, day-old 180 Rhode Island Red chickens were fed corn- and barley-based diets, each containing 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5% level of added salt, for 3 weeks. It was found that the growth rate of barley-fed chickens improved significantly(P≤.05) as the added salt level increased. The growth rate of corn-fed birds was not affected by the salt level. The result of Feeding Trial 1 also indicates that the drop in energy value of diets caused by the use of high levels of barley can be overcome by the proper level of fat supplementation. In Feeding Trial 2, day-old 200 chickens(Maniker strain) were fed barley-based diets containing 5 levels (0.05, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8%) of added salt for 4 weeks. The growth rates of chickens kept increasing until plateaued at 0.6% salt level. From the results of Feeding Trials 1 and 2, it was found that the optimum level of added salt in barley-based diets for growing chickens was ∼0.6%, 2 to 3 times higher than the levels usually added. Data from the Metabolism Trial with 18 adult SCWL roosters fed diets used in Feeding Trial 1 showed that barley contains more fiber than does corn. The possible influence of high fiber contents in barley-based diets on the sodium requirement of chickens was discussed.
사료의 단백질 및 에너지 수준이 New Hampshire 웅추의 성장율 , 사료효율과 에너지 대사율에 미치는 영향
정근기 ( K K Jung ),안병홍 ( B H Ahn ),박상문 ( S M Park ),한인규 ( Han I K ),유한웅 ( H W Yu ) 한국축산학회 1970 한국축산학회지 Vol.12 No.1
This experiment was carried out to study the effect of the level of dietary protein and energy on the growth rate, feed efficiency and energy metabolizability of 270 New Hampslaire male chicks for 8 weeks. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The chicks fed 23% of dietary protein and 1,300 ㎉ of energy per pound in the starter ration obtained the best result (p$lt;0.01) in the body weight gain. 2. The amount of diet consumed by the chicks fed 23% level of protein and 1,200 ㎉ of energy per pound was higher than other groups of chicken. However, feed efficiency was significantly (p$lt;0.01) improved by the chicks fed high protein-high energy ration. 3. Protein utilization, nitrogen retention and metabolizable energy value has been significantly (P$lt;0.01) improved by the chicks fed the lowest dietary protein level (17%) with the highest energy level (1,400 ㎉/lb) 4. Feed cost required per ㎏ gain of chicks was cheapest when the dietary level of protein and energy was 23%-1,200 ㎉.