토끼의 혈장내 Aldosterone 농도에 미치는 Aspirin과 Furosemide의 영향

서영진,이권행,김옥녀,이상복,조규철,Suh, Y.J.,Lee, K.H.,Kim, O.N.,Lee, S.B.,Cho, K.C. 대한약리학회 1984 대한약리학잡지 Vol.20 No.2

It has been generally recognized that the secretion of aldosterone is mainly regulated by angiotensin II in animals and humans, however, potassium and ACTH are also proposed as other humoral factors involved in the aldosterone secretory process. Recently, stress, anesthesia, adrenergic stimulation, low sodium intake or water deprivation stimulate plasma renin activity, while high sodium intake and deoxycorticosteroid have been reported to cause suppression of renin activity in animals. It seems that overall response of aldosterone secretory mechanisms reflects complex interactions both intrarenal and extrarenal components. Furosemide has been widely used to investigate the control of renin secretion by the kidney, and the relationship between diuretics and the disposition of endogenous aldosterone were reported (Oh, 1984). The sequential with 10 min interval samples of plasma were collected following administration of furosemide(1 mg/kg), aspirin(10 mg/kg), respectively. And also similar experiment was performed in the propranolol (10 mg/kg) pretreated rabbits. The results were as follows : 1) The concentration of plasma aldosterone was average of $426.I{\sim}485.5pg/ml$ in normal rabbits. Plasma concentrations of aldosterone rised significantly after injection of furosemide during 50 min, and the rise of plasma aldosterone was blocked by the propranolol pretreatment 2) Significant fall in the plasma level of aldosterone after injection of aspirin was noted. This result indicates that the increased secretion of aldosterone induced by furosemide administration is mediated through ${\beta}-receptors$, and the possible role of prostaglandin is substantiated.

심혈관계의 중추조절에 대한 Prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$의 영향

이상복,김인순,김옥녀,조규철,Lee, S.B.,Kim, I.S.,Kim, O.N.,Cho, K.C. 대한약리학회 1982 대한약리학잡지 Vol.18 No.1

This study was carried out in order to clarify whether the cardiovascular effect of prostaglandin(PG) $F_{2{\alpha}}$ might be centrally mediated. In unrestrained conscious rat, $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ was administered into the lateral ventricle. The mechanism of action was also studied by observing the interaction with several adrenergic antagonists injected subcutaneously, Indomethacin was administered into lateral ventricle to investigate the role of endogenous $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ on the central regulation of cardiovascular system. The results were as follows: 1) The intraventricular injection of $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ produced an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. 2) The pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine (2 mg/g, s.c.) inhited pressor, but not heart rate responses to the intraventricular injection of $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ $(2{\mu}g/kg)$. 3) The pretreatment with propranolol (1 mg/kg, s.c.) inhibited tachycardia, but not pressor responses to the intraventricular injection of $PGF_{2{\alpha}}(2{\mu}g/kg)$. 4) The intraventricular injection of indomethacin $(40{\mu}g/kg)$ could not induce significant changes in blood preesure and heart rate. 5) The result indicates that intraventricular injection of $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ produces pressor and tachycardia responses in the unanesthetized rat, and it is mediated primarily by centrally increased sympathetic outflow. But the endogenous $PGF_{2{\alpha}}$ synthetized in the brain seems to play minor role in the direct regulation of cardiovascular system.

심혈관계의 중추조절에 대한 Prostaglandin F_2α의 영향

이상복(S.B. Lee),김인순(I.S. Kim),김옥녀(O.N. Kim),조규철(K.C. Cho) 대한약리학회 1982 대한약리학잡지 Vol.18 No.1

This study was carried out in order to clarify whether the cardiovascular effect of prostaglandin(PG) F_2α might be centrally mediated. In unrestrained conscious rat, PGE_2α was administered into the lateral ventricle. The mechanism of action was also studied by observing the interaction with several adrenergic antagonists injected subcutaneously, Indomethacin was administered into lateral ventricle to investigate the role of endogenous PGE_2α on the central regulation of cardiovascular system. The results were as follows: 1) The intraventricular injection of PGE_2α produced an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. 2) The pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine (2 mg/g, s.c.) inhited pressor, but not heart rate responses to the intraventricular injection of PGE_2α (2μg/kg). 3) The pretreatment with propranolol (1 mg/kg, s.c.) inhibited tachycardia, but not pressor responses to the intraventricular injection of PGE_2α(2μg/kg). 4) The intraventricular injection of indomethacin (40μg/kg) could not induce significant changes in blood preesure and heart rate. 5) The result indicates that intraventricular injection of PGE_2α produces pressor and tachycardia responses in the unanesthetized rat, and it is mediated primarily by centrally increased sympathetic outflow. But the endogenous PGE_2α synthetized in the brain seems to play minor role in the direct regulation of cardiovascular system.

Etoposide의 혼합조제시 안정성 실험

주미,박은화,김운학,김옥녀 한국병원약사회 1998 병원약사회지 Vol.15 No.4

Etoposide is a semisynthetic podophyllotoxin-derivative antineoplastic agent with low stability. It is usually applied for small-cell lung cancer, testis cancer, lymphoma and leukemia. Even though etoposide Ⅳ aquous admixture is stable for 24 hours if concentration is less than 400 ㎍/㎖ in either 5% dextrose or normal saline diluent, precipitation has been reported occasionally within the shorter time than literature in our medical settings. We selected five etoposide made by different manufacturers randomly. All selected aquous (diluted) samples have been checked the stability in 0, 5, 10, and 24 hours at first experiment and in 0, 18, and 24 hours at second experiment by HPLC analysis. Physical change was also checked by visual. A diluted USP etoposide reference standards (350, 700 ㎍/㎖) were used as a standard solution. As the results of this study, only some etopiside aquous solutions (sample A, B & C) were stable in concetration 300 ㎍/㎖. All etoposide aquouse solutions were stable for 10 hours in concentration 400 ㎍/㎖. In conclusion, etoposide aqueous solution is definitely stable for 10 hours no matter of different brand company.

Acyclovir 정제의 용출시험 및 함량균일성 평가

주미,현복진,김운학,김옥녀 한국병원약사회 1998 병원약사회지 Vol.15 No.4

Dissolution and content-uniformity tests are very important and essential procedures for the controlling of medication bioavailability. Depends on the bioavailability of medication, the efficacy and safety in patient therapy are different. Currently five different manufactured acyclovir tablets (A, B, C, D and E) are available in Korea. This study performed to evaluate the bioavailability of those acyclovir tablets, and to help the clinicians for valid selection of medication in patient therapy. The study methods were consisted of the dissolution tests and content-uniformity tests of each acyclovir tablet. The dissolution tests were performed six tablets of each acyclovir in the two artificial juices for 30 minutes : (1) a gastric juice with pH 1.2, (2) a enteric juice with pH 6.8. The content-uniformity tests were performed the measurements of ten solutions (200 mcg/㎖) made by each acyclovir tablet, and compared them with the standard solution. All tests were measured by the HPLC method. The results of the dissolution tests showed that both cases ((1) & (2)) were presented on tablet A, B, E, D and C in high dissolution rate order, and also all acyclovir tablets meet for the standard of KP Ⅶ (90% above) in the content-uniformity tests. In conclusion, the good quality of medication is very important to increase the efficacy and safety of patient therapy, and is determined by the bioavailability measurements of each medication. The conducting of bioavailability tests for each medication must be performed on the regular basis.

고용량 항암제 투여 환자에서의 항구토제 유효성에 관한 연구 : Ondansetron을 중심으로 Focused on Ondansetron

오지영,윤혜영,임은형,김옥녀 한국병원약사회 1999 병원약사회지 Vol.16 No.4

Nausea and vomiting are well-documented complications of cancer chemotherapy and negatively affect the quality of life. We studied patterns of antiemetic therapy and assessed its outcomes in patients undergoing high-dose antineoplastic therapy. This study evaluated retrospectively forty-one patients who were discharged after bone-marrow transplantation from January to June in 1998. We divided into the acute phase (from day 1 of chemotherapy to 24 hours after its completion) and the delayed phase (from 24 hours to five days after end of chemotherapy), and severity of nausea and vomiting were graded by common toxicity criteria grading scale. Of 41 patients, 12 patients had no nausea and 15 patients didn't vomit on the first day in the acute phase. Though the cases of Grade "0" nausea and vomiting were increased from day 2 to day 4, nausea was significantly increased and vomiting was slightly increased after day 5. The most frequent administered antiemetic agent's regimen was co-medication of ondansetron, dexamethasone, lorazepam, and metoclopramide. And the co-medication of ondansetron, lorazepam, and metoclopramide was increased to average 15 cases after day 6. Vomiting was rarely occurred during the delayed phase, but one had Grade 4 vomiting on day 1, 2 of the delayed phase. Yet, nausea was continuously observed. Serotonin type Ⅲ antagonist such as ondansetron and the other additive antiemetic therapy after the administration of high-dose antineoplastic agent affirmatively affected the condition of patients. The continuous use of ondansetron on the delayed phase that is argued about efficiency and the administration of dexamethasone that can cause GVHD need more considered drug choice of physician. Therefore, the pharmacist ought to effort to perform systemically the role as evaluator of the administered medicine for the reasonable drug use in hospital.

두충 메타놀추출물의 혈압강하 작용

김옥녀,이상복 최신의학사 1978 最新醫學 Vol.21 No.3

Eucommia ulmoides Oliver which belongs to Eucommiaceae family, has been used in the chines medicine as well as in the folk remidies. It is advocated that this herb exerts good therapeutic effects on a large variety of disorders, e.g. neuralgia, hypertension etc. by analgesic, tranquilizing and hypotensive effects. However the basic pharmacology and the mechanism of hypotensive action are not clear. This experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the hypotensive action of Eucommiae cortex methanol extract (EM) and to clarify the mechanism of action in the rats. The results of the experiments were as follows: 1) Blood pressure manifested gradual responses by the fall of -20.1, -29. 8 and -54.2 mmHg in proportion to the administration of 30, 60 and 80 mg/kg of EM respectively. 2) Prior administration of atropine attenuated the decrease in blood pressure induced by EM (60 mg/kg) slightly, but not significantly. 3) Prior administration of diphenhydramine attenuated significantly the decrease in blood pressure induced by EM (60 mg/kg) . 4) Prior administration of dichloroisoproterenol did not blocked the decrease in blood pressure induced by EM (60 mg/kg) . 5) Administration of epinephrine (20 mg/kg) to the rat pretreated with EM (60 mg/kg) did not show difference in the increase of the blood pressure compared with that of normal rat.

Fentanyl Transdermal System의 약물사용평가

심릿다,윤혜영,오지영,강진숙,김옥녀 한국병원약사회 1997 병원약사회지 Vol.14 No.1

DUROESIC^(R) is a transdermal patch providing continuous systemic delivery of fentanyl, a potent opioid analgesic for 72 hours. A retrospective Drug Use (DUE) study on fentanyl Transdermal Therapeutic System(TTS) was conducted. The charts of 50 patients, hospitalized at St. Mary's Hospital from March 1. 1996 to May 31. 1996 and applied fentanyl TTS, were reviewed. The procedure collaborated DUS criteria for fentanyl TTS established by American Journal of health-system pharmacists(AJHP) and manufacturer's guideline. The following information was gathered for patient; indication for use, initial dosage, and dosage interval. As a result, 46 patients(96%) met the criteria for indication of use, 30 patients met the criteria for initial dosage conforms, and 42 patients met criteria for dosage interval. Adverse effects, constipation(44%), nausea/vomiting(23%), respiratory depression (13%), etc, were observed. This study suggests the education for TTS dosage form needs to be provided to medical team.

Ciprofloxacin의 약물사용 평가

연은숙,박지원,김수자,장혜경,김옥녀 한국병원약사회 1999 병원약사회지 Vol.16 No.1

Ciprofloxacin is one of synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents which has great bactericidal activity against Gram negative aerobic organisms (especially, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram positive bacteria (including Penicillinase-producing and Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus). However, the appearance of ciprofloxacin resistant to many different microorganisms limits the use of ciprofloxacin for patients who are really needed it. This sudy was performed to analyzed the appropriateness for ciprofloxacin use in St. Mary's Hospital setting. Forty-one charts of patients who used ciprofloxacin (Ⅳ) (M/F 24/17, Jan.-Aug. of 1998) underwent drug utilization evaluation (DUE). The criterias of DUE used in this study were based on the standards by the American Society of Hospital Pharmacy which modified to be appropriate in our hospital setting : 1) Justification of drug use, 2) Critical & process indications, 3) Complications, 4) Outcome measures. Justification of use showed high appropriate rate (87.8%). Most of the critical & process indications also showed high appropriate rates (82.9 thru 97.5%) except C&S test during ciprofloxacin use (60.9%). Complications in ciprofloxacin use were usually minor symptoms such as pruritis (2.4%) and GI problems (39.0%). Also these study datas demonstrated other factors such as drug-drug interactions and co-disease could influence the complications. In case of outcome measures, the total therapeutic response showed high rate (95.1%). Only two patients (4.8%) had no response to ciprofloxacin at all. This study shows DUE analyzed for the appropriateness and problems of ciprofloxacin use. Therefore, DUE to a specific drug can apply to improve the efficacy of drug use and quality of medical service.

Cyclosporine 과 Methylprednisolone의 Y-site 병용 투여시의 Compatibility

윤혜영,이윤향,김운학,임성실,김옥녀 한국병원약사회 1999 병원약사회지 Vol.16 No.1

The compatibility of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone at simulated Y-site administration was studied by this research. Each cyclosporine (CP) to methylprednisolone (MP) was diluted in the concentration 0.5 ㎎/㎖ and 1.25 ㎎/㎖ respectively. As diluent, 5% dextrose water (D5W) or normal saline (NS) was used. Each the above diluted solution was mixed in the 1:1 ratio by the following compositions : a) CP/D5W + MP/D5W ; b) CP/D5W + MP/NS ; c) CP/NS + MP/D5W ; 4) CP/NS + MP/NS. After that, each mixture solution a), b), c), and d) was checked for precipitation, pH and the concentrations at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 hrs after mixing by the HPLC method. As the result, all of the above mixture solutions had no precipitation, and no significant pH differences (7.04∼7.30). Also, over the 4 hour study periods, the content of each cyclosporine or methylprednisolone was more than 90% at all the time. This study has been showed the diluted cyclosporine and methylprednisolone was compatible at Y-site administration, and it can be possible to apply for the further patient care.