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준설토 산세척 시 염산 농도가 중금속의 정화효율 및 존재형태에 미치는 영향
김기범,최용주,Kim, Kibeum,Choi, Yongju 한국지하수토양환경학회 2020 지하수토양환경 Vol.25 No.1
In this study, the effect of hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentrations on removal efficiency and chemical forms of heavy metals in dredged sediment during acid washing was investigated. The removal efficiencies of Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Cd by acid washing were 18.4-92.4%, 7.2-83.7%, 9.4-75%, 8.1-53.4% and 34.4-70.8%, respectively. Overall, the removal efficiencies of heavy metals were remarkably enhanced with the increase of the acid strength. However, the removal efficiencies for 0.5 and 1.0 M HCl were comparable, and both cases met the Korean soil contamination standard. Based on the sequential extraction results, concentration of the exchangeable fraction (F1), the most labile fraction, increased whereas concentrations of the other fractions decreased with increasing acid strength. Particularly, the carbonate (F2) and Fe/Mn oxides (F3) fractions drastically decreased by using 0.5 M or 1.0 M HCl. The current study results verified that acid washing could effectively reduce heavy metal concentrations and its potential mobility in dredged sediments. However, the study also found that acid washing may cause significant increase in bioavailable fraction of heavy metals, suggesting the need to evaluate the changes in chemical forms of heavy metals by acid washing when determining the acid strength to be applied.
준설토의 육상 유효활용을 위한 환경위해성평가 및 특성분석 기반 의사결정모델
김기범(Kibeum Kim),남경필(Kyoungphile Nam),강완협(Wanhyup Kang),최용주(Yongju Choi) 대한환경공학회 2018 대한환경공학회지 Vol.40 No.6
준설토는 다양한 용도로 유효활용 될 수 있는 가치 있는 자원임에도 불구하고 해마다 많은 양이 단순 투기 및 매립으로 처리되고 있다. 이러한 요인 중 하나로 준설토 유효활용과 관련한 일관된 의사결정 체계의 부족을 꼽을 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해서 준설토 유효활용 가능여부, 활용용도, 용도별 적합성 등을 결정하는 합리적인 의사결정 모델을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 준설토 유효활용 대상은 육상 재활용으로 한정하고, 유효활용의 용도를 크게 습지조성, 서식지 조성, 토양개량제, 농업용 토양 등 생태자원과 성토재, 복토재, 간척지 조성, 매립지 덮개 등 공학재료로 구분하였다. 각 용도에 따른 의사결정에 필요한 결정인자로 오염물질 전함량, 단기 및 장기용출특성, 이화학적 특성, 공학기능, 생태독성영향, 오염물질 확산특성 등을 제시하였다. 각 결정인자에 대한 분석을 통하여 평가단계를 가장 합리적인 순서로 배치함으로써 주변 환경 및 생태계 영향을 최소화하고 준설토의 가치를 최대한 활용할 수 있는 의사결정모델을 제시하였다. Dredged sediment is a valuable resource that can be beneficially used for various purposes. However, a massive amount is disposed in the ocean or confined disposal facilities annually due to the lack of a standardized decision-making process for dredged sediment use. In this study, we present a decision-making framework to determine the feasibility and purpose of the use of dredged sediment, and suitability of the purpose. The sediment usage is limited to the terrestrial environment in this study. The purpose of use is divided into two categories: ecological resource including wetland and habitat creation, soil amendment, agricultural soil, and engineering material including filling, land reclamation, and landfill cover. Total contaminant content, short-and long-term contaminant leaching characteristics, sediment physicochemical characteristics and engineering function, and ecotoxicological effects and dispersion characteristics of sediment-derived contaminants are selected as determinants for the decision-making. Requirements for the determinants are analyzed for each of the two categories of the purpose. Based on the analysis, the decision-making framework is developed to most reasonably assess the environmental and ecological impacts of the dredged sediment use and optimize the purpose.