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ArcGIS Model Builder를 이용한 토양유실 우선관리 지역 선정 자동화 모형 개발
금동혁,최재완,김익재,공동수,류지철,강현우,임경재,Kum, Dong-Hyuk,Choi, Jae-Wan,Kim, Ik-Jae,Kong, Dong-Soo,Ryu, Ji-Chul,Kang, Hyun-Woo,Lim, Kyoung-Jae 한국농공학회 2011 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.53 No.1
Due to increased human activities and intensive rainfall events in a watershed, soil erosion and sediment transport have been hot issues in many areas of the world. To evaluate soil erosion problems spatially and temporarily, many computer models have been developed and evaluated over the years. However, it would not be reasonable to apply the model to a watershed if topography and environment are different to some degrees. Also, source codes of these models are not always public for modification. The ArcGIS model builder provides ease-of-use interface to develop model by linking several processes and input/output data together. In addition, it would be much easier to modify/enhance the model developed by others. Thus, simple model was developed to decide soil erosion hot spot areas using ArcGIS model builder tool in this study. This tool was applied to a watershed to evaluate model performance. It was found that sediment yield was estimated to be 13.7 ton/ha/yr at the most severe soil erosion hot spot area in the study watershed. As shown in this study, the ArcGIS model builder is an efficient tool to develop simple models without professional programming abilities. The model, developed in this study, is available at http://www.EnvSys.co.kr/~sateec/toolbox for free download. This tool can be easily modified for further enhancement with simple operations within ArcGIS model builder interface. Although very simple soil erosion and sediment yield were developed using model builder and applied to study watershed for soil erosion hot spot area in this study. The approaches shown in this study provides insights for model development and code sharing for the researchers in the related areas.
시강우량을 이용한 필지별 유출-유사 평가 시스템 및 BMPs 평가 모듈 개발 및 적용성 평가
금동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Kum ),류지철 ( Ji Chul Ryu ),최재완 ( Jae Wan Choi ),신민환 ( Min Hwan Shin ),신동석 ( Dong Suk Shin ),천세억 ( Se Uk Cheon ),최중대 ( Joong Dae Choi ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Kim ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.3
Soil erosion has been emphasized as serious environmental problem affecting water quality in the receiving waterbodies. Recently, Best Management Practices (BMPs) have been applied at a field to reduce soil erosion and its effectiveness in soil erosion reduction has been monitored with various methods. Although monitoring at fields/watershed outlets would be accurate way for these ends, it is not possible at some fields/watersheds due to various limitations in direct monitoring. Thus modeling has been suggested as an alternative way to evaluate effects of the BMPs. Most models, which have been used in evaluating hydrology and water quality at a watershed, could not reflect rainfall intensity in runoff generation and soil erosion processes. In addition, source codes of these models are not always public for modification/enhancement. Thus, runoff- sediment evaluation system using hourly rainfall data and vegetated filter strip (VFS) evaluation module at field level were developed using open source MapWindow GIS component in this study. This evaluation system was applied to Bangdongri, Chuncheonsi to evaluate its prediction ability and VFS module in this study. The NSE and R2 values for runoff estimation were 0.86 and 0.91, respectively, and measured and simulated sediment yield were 15.2 kg and 16.5 kg indicating this system, developed in this study, can be used to simulate runoff and sediment yield with acceptable accuracies. Nine VFS scenarios were evaluated for effectiveness of soil erosion reduction. Reduction efficiency of the VFS was high when sediment inflow was small. As shown in this study, this evaluation system can be used for evaluation BMPs with local rainfall intensity and variations considered with ease-of-use GIS interface.
미스트기(機) 부품(部品)의 고장실태조사(故障實態調査)에 의(依)한 신뢰성(信賴性)의 예측(豫測)
금동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Kum ),최재갑 ( Jae Kap Choi ) 한국농공학회 1975 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.17 No.1
This study was originated to investigate the imparired parts of the mist and dust blowers and intended to analyze the causes of their failures by the use of the Weibull probability paper. By the use of the paper, the parts which were needed to change the design, the force of the urgency, the mean time between failures of the parts and the basic causes of the troubles could be predicted. The survey showed that the following parts got out of order: (A) flexible rubber hose, (B) blowing fan, (C) lead valve, (D) piston ring. (E) crank main bearing, (F) coil in magneto and (G) needle valve in carburettor. The analysis of the survey indicated that the parts G, C, E and D were belonged to "wear-out failure", and that the mean time between failures became shorter in order as indicated above. To insure longer lives of those parts, it would be necessary to change the design and the material and to upgrade operators mechanical technique of the mist and dust blower. The failure of the parts A, B and F was classified as "randomfailure", and they did not seem to be the "wear-out" at that time. The parts B and F was evaluated as "initial failure". Quality controls and operating tests by the producer. and the operational training for users should be strengthened so as to eliminate these failures. Were the failures only in the parts A, C, D, E, F and G, it could be said that the "reliability" of the mist and dust blower would fall to 10 percent in the second year, and 50 percent of the mist and dust blowers would fail in all parts A, C, D, E, F and G before the blower would have control insect and disease in 58.2 hectares. The use of the Weibull probability paper for analyzing failures of the mist and dust blowers was effective in that it analyzed failure in the relationship between strength of the parts and users actual circumstanoes.
토양유실 저감을 위한 지표피복 저감효과 변수 결정 및 SWAT 모형 유역단위 효과 분석
금동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Kum ),장춘화 ( Chun Hwa Jang ),신민환 ( Min Hwan Shin ),최중대 ( Joong Dae Choi ),김범철 ( Bom Chul Kim ),정교철 ( Gyo Cheol Jeong ),원철희 ( Chul Hee Won ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국물환경학회 2012 한국물환경학회지 Vol.28 No.6
The purpose of this study was to determine parameters of surface cover materials and evaluation the effects on runoff and sediment reductions with rice straw mat with PAM at watershed scale using the SWAT model. In this study, 1) regression equation of CN for rice straw mat +PAM using SCS curve number method was developed, 2) the USLE P factor, being able to reflect simulation of rice straw mat+PAM in the agricultural field, was estimated for various slope scenarios with VFSMOD-w. Then regression equation for CN and USLE P factor were used as input data in the SWAT model. Assuming rice straw mat+PAM is applied to radish and potato fields, occupying 24% of agricultural fields at the study watershed. Result of direct runoff without rice straw mat+PAM was 65,964,368 m3, with rice straw mat+PAM, direct runoff was 65,637,336 m3 327,031.8 m3 reductions compared without it. Also, result of sediment without rice straw mat+PAM was 163,531 ton, with rice straw mat+PAM, sediment was 84,779 ton, 78,752 ton reduction compared without it. This analysis showed that about 48% sediment reductions would be expected with rice straw mat+PAM. As shown in this study, rice straw mat+PAM would be used as an efficient site-specific BMPs to reduce runoff and sediment discharge from field.
기후변화 시나리오 편의보정 기법에 따른 강우-유출 특성 분석
금동혁 ( Dong Hyuk Kum ),박윤식 ( Youn Sik Park ),정영훈 ( Young Hun Jung ),신민환 ( Min Hwan Shin ),류지철 ( Ji Chul Ryu ),박지형 ( Ji Hyung Park ),양재의 ( Jae E Yang ),임경재 ( Kyoung Jae Lim ) 한국물환경학회 2015 한국물환경학회지 Vol.31 No.3
Runoff behaviors by five bias correction methods were analyzed, which were Change Factor methods using past observed and estimated data by the estimation scenario with average annual calibration factor (CF_Y) or with average monthly calibration factor (CF_M), Quantile Mapping methods using past observed and estimated data considering cumulative distribution function for entire estimated data period (QM_E) or for dry and rainy season (QM_P), and Integrated method of CF_M+QM_E(CQ). The peak flow by CF_M and QM_P were twice as large as the measured peak flow, it was concluded that QM_P method has large uncertainty in monthly runoff estimation since the maximum precipitation by QM_P provided much difference to the other methods. The CQ method provided the precipitation amount, distribution, and frequency of the smallest differences to the observed data, compared to the other four methods. And the CQ method provided the rainfall-runoff behavior corresponding to the carbon dioxide emission scenario of SRES A1B. Climate change scenario with bias correction still contained uncertainty in accurate climate data generation. Therefore it is required to consider the trend of observed precipitation and the characteristics of bias correction methods so that the generated precipitation can be used properly in water resource management plan establishment.