소나무천연집단의 변이에 관한 연구 (Ⅱ) - 명주 , 울진 , 수원집단의 침엽 및 재질형질 (材質形質) -

임경빈,권기원 ( Kyong Bin Yim,Ki Won Kwon ) 한국산림과학회 1976 한국산림과학회지 Vol.31 No.1

For study on the variation of natural stand, three populations of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. were selected at samsanri Yongogmyun Myongjugun Kandgwond (4), Hawonri seomyun Uljingun Kyongbuk (5), and Emogdong Suweon Kyongkido (6) successibely after the selection of three population in 1974. twenty individual trees were chosen from each population and the morphological characteristics of trees, needle and wood properties were investigated on the trees. The results are summerized as follows; 1. serration density, resin canal number in needle did not show significant differences, however stomata row number in the both sides of needle showed highly significant differences among 3 populations. But significant differences among 3 populations, But significant differences were calculated among individual trees in a population regarding any character of needles. 2. Ail population had high correlation on the stomata row between abaxial and adaxial side of needle. 3. The Myongjungun population showed the highest value of resin duct index, which means the population had the highest degree of hybrid character. 4. The ring segment width and summerwood percentage in the wood properties had significant differences, and yet specific gravity and tracheid length had not significant differences statistically among 3 populations. But all the values were significant statistically among the ring segments within population. 5. The ring segment width decreased rapidly with increasing tree age but summerwood percentage, specific gravity, tracheid length increased slowly to the middle age of tree and then decreased slowly after the age. 6. The values of Uljingun population were generally high in the coefficient of variation on all the needle characters. And the values of Suweon population were always the highest and those my Myongjugun population the lowest in the coefficient of variation on all the wood properties.

소나무 천연집단의 변이에 관한 연구 (Ⅵ) - 명주 , 울진 , 수원 소나무 집단의 차대의 (次代) 유전변이 -

임경빈,권기원,이경재 ( Kyong Bin Yim,Ki Won Kwon,Kyong Jae Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1978 한국산림과학회지 Vol.38 No.1

The purpose of present study is to analyze the genetic variation of natural stand of Pinus densiflora. In 1975 following after the selection of 1974, twenty trees from each of three natural populations of the species were selected and their open-pollinated seeds were collected, and the locations and conditions of the populations ate presented in table 1, 2 and figure 1. Some morphological traits of the populations were already detailed in our second report of this series, in which Myong-Ju and Ul- Jin populations were regarded to be superior phenotypically to suweon population. The morphological traits of cone, seed and seed-wing, and also the growth performances and needle characters of the seedling were observed in the present study according to the previous methods. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The meteorological data obtained by averaging the records of 30 year period (1931∼1960) measured from the nearest meteorological stations to each population are shown in fig.2, 3, 4. The distributional patterns of investigated climate factors are generally considered to be similar among the locations. However, the precipitation density during growing season and the air temperature during dormant season on Suweon area, population 6, were quite different from those of the other areas. 2. The measurements of fresh cone weight, length, diameter and cone index, i.e., length to diameter ratio are presented in table 7. As shown in table 7, all these traits except for cone diameter seem to be highly significant in population differences and family differences within population. 3. The morphological traits of seed and seed-wing are detailed in table 8, 9, and highly significant differences are recognized among the populations and the families within population in seed-wing length, seed-wing index, seed weight, seed-length and seed index but not among the populations in the other observed traits. The values of correlation coefficient between the characters of cone and seed are given in table 10 and the positive significant correlations can be observed in the most parts of the compared traits. 4. Significant statistical differences among populations and families within population are observed in the growth performances of 1-0 and 1-1 seedling height of these progenies. But the differences in root collar diameter are shown only among families within population. As shown in table 13, the most parts of correlations are not significant statistically between the growth performances of seedling and the seed characters. 5. The number of stomata row on both sides of needle and the serration density were measured in the seedlings from each of the families of the three populations. As shown in table 15, statistical differences are considered to be significant among the populations and among the families within population in serration density but not among the populations in stomata row on both sides of the needle. The results differ from those of the third report of this series. Even if one of the reason seems to be the diversity of selected populations, it could not be confirmed definitely. The correlations between progenies and parents are not generally observed in the investigated traits of needle as shown in table 16.

소나무 천연집단의 변이에 관한 연구 (Ⅴ) - 인제 (麟蹄) , 정선 (旌善) , 삼척집단의 (三陟集團) 침엽 및 재질형질 (材質形質)

임경빈,권기원,이경재 ( Kyong Bin Yim,Ki Won Kwon,Kyong Jae Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1977 한국산림과학회지 Vol.36 No.1

As a successive work of the variation studies of natural Pinus densiflora stands, some characteristics of individual trees of the three natural populations selected from the Kwang-won Province, the middle-east part of Korean peninsula, as shown in the location map, were investigated. And the statiscal differences between individuals within population, and between populations were analysed. Twenty trees from each population were selected for this study purpose. Doing this, those trees lagged in growth, usually showing poorer form, were eliminated. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Though the average population ages had the ranage between 50 and 63, the growth of height or diameter was similar. Population No.9 is, however, considered to have better tree forms at glance. Population No.8 showed the heighest value not only in the clear-stem-length ratio. 0.53 but also in the crown-index 0.91. The higher value can be result from those trees having long lateral branches and relatively short crown height, meaning undesirable crown shape. In regard to the fine branchedness and the acuteness of branching angle, the population No.9. is considered to be a better one, whereas there was almost no difference in crown height among populations. 2. Checking the frequency distributions of the ratio of the clear-stem-height to the total height and the crown-indices, some difference between populations are considered. These might be attributed to the previous way of stand mangement which alters the density. 3. In the serration density, the average number of 54 per 1㎝ needle length, the significant differences exist between individual trees within population but not between populations. A few trees which extremly high serration density were observed. As in serration, so tendencies were in the number of stomata row and resin duct. 4. The population 8 had the resin duct index value of 0.074 as the highest which was twice or triple of the other ones. 5. The patterns of increasing process of the average 10-year-ring-segment were not similar till the 30 years of age, but beyond this, the tendency lines were aggregated. 6. Regading the average summer wood ratio, no diffrence between populations, but in the ranges, i.e. 23 to 30 in population No.8. and 16 to 36 in population No.9., with regad to the specific gravity of wood, there were hardly observed any difference between populations even in the ranges values. As the increase of tree ages, the increase of specific gravity was followed but the increasing patterns were not similar between populations. 7. No significant differences between populations in the average tracheid length and the range were detected. However, the length was increased according to the age increase. The increasing pattern was same between populations.

소나무 천연집단의 변이에 관한 연구 (Ⅳ) - 집단간 및 가계간분산 (家系間分散) 추정에 영향하는 가계수에 (家系數) 대하여 -

임경빈,권기원,이경재 ( Kyong Bin Yim,Ki Won Kwon,Kyong Jae Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1977 한국산림과학회지 Vol.35 No.1

In the analysis of variance between population and between individual trees (families), the fluctuation of values of variances due to sample size, (number of family) was analysed by two different designs, i.e. 2-level nested design with equal sample size and randomized complete block design. The variables were seedling heights and root calipers of 1-0 and 1-1 seedlings of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. The details of three natural stands and their progeny characters were presented in previous reports. 1. In nested design analysis. increase of sample size resulted the decrease of F-values among families in general, however, the F-values among populations showen the increasing tendency. The smaller the sample size, the larger the F-values fluctuation was resulted in general. At the point of beyond sample size 10, however, the fluctuation become to be stabilized. The F-value fluctuation seemed to be more in the case of analysis with random sampling method than with sequentially accumulated sampling method. And also such a tendency was more obvious in smaller sample size than in large one. 2. In R.C.B.D. analysis, the sample size to affirm the family variation was smaller than that for population variations.

임목성장량의 조기추정에 관한 연구

임경빈(Kyong Bin Yim),이여하(Yo Ha Lee),권기원(Ki Won Kwon),김진수(Zin Suh Kim) 한국산림과학회 1976 한국산림과학회지 Vol.30 No.1

The workers involved in breeaing the growth of forest trees as well as in the efficiency of breding work wish to find out the evidence that juvenile-mature correlations are high ant that therefore early tests can be profitably employed in relation work. Juvenile-mature correlation denotes in general sense the interdependence between qualitative or quantitative data collected at different intervals during the life cycle. The correlation and also be obtained through the stem analysis if there is th possibility of cutting sample trees needed amount. In the present study, the juvenile-mature correlation coefficients are calculated from the stem analysis data. The every possible values of correlation coefficient between the 5-year age groups as to diameter, height, and volume growth of Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.amd Larix leptolepis Gord. grown in the middle district of Korea were calculated. All the sample trees were cut from the man made plantation. The correlation coefficients are presented in tables and figures. In Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.m the values of correlation coefficient between the successive age groups of heights growth are lower in general than those values pertaining to diameter growth. This tendencies are indifferent to site quality. In Larix leptolepis Gord., the values were lower thant these of Pinus koraiensis S.etZ. In any species and characteristics studied, the implications that at least 15 years growth character are related to 35 or 40 years size with reliability could be deduced. Through the relative ranking studies of diameter, height and volume growth of Larix leptolepis Gord., the large varieties among individual trees are appeared during 5-year to 35 year old

밤나무 우량품종의 형태학적 특징과 증식에 관한 연구

임경빈,권기원 ( Kyong Bin Yim,Ki Won Kwon ) 한국산림과학회 1974 한국산림과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

1. In the comparison of survival ratio among three different methods (bark graft, veneer graft, root graft), bark graft showed the highest survival ratio and root graft was the lowest. It was shown to be significant at the level of 5% in the analysis of variance for the results. It was able to be supposed that one of the main causes for the results was the different amounts of ferric tannic acid which was formated owing to the reaction of grafting knife with tannic acid oozing from cutting faces of the tree. In juvenile tissue graft, the survival ratio of inverted radicle graft was a little higher than that of juvenile stem graft, but there was no significant difference between two methods in analysis of variance. 2. The most hairs of chestnut tree leaves were recognized as stellates on the most part of leaves except for venation. The number of rays in the stellates was ranged from 4 to 8 generally. It was shown to be highly significant differences at the level of 1 % among the each race growing at the similar environmental condition in the length of ray and the distributed ratio of the stellates having different ray number. 3. Excepting for the basal width of serration there were no significant differences between Imakita₁, Imakita₂ as well as between Teteuchi₁, Teteuchi₂ at the each point of experimental items in this study. Such results made this study more useful. 4. Among the races that were growing in the similar environmental condition, there were highly significant differences at the level of 1% in the length and the width of serration. 5. The rolling of hair, the angle of serration from the leaf margin, the existence of lateral vein in the serration, the intrusion of main vein into the serration and the width of main vein were observed to be somewhat useful as the subsidiary methods for the identification of chestnut races.

소나무 천연집단의 변이에 관한 연구 (Ⅲ) - 주왕산 , 안면도 , 오대산 소나무집단의 차대의 유전변이 -

임경빈,권기원 ( Kyong Bin Yim,Ki Won Kwon ) 한국산림과학회 1976 한국산림과학회지 Vol.32 No.1

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the genetic variation of the natural forest of Pinus densiflora. Three natural populations of the species, which are considered to be superior quality phenotypically, were selected. The locations and conditions of the populations are shown in table 1 and 2. The morphological traits of tree and needle and some other characteristics were presented already in our first report of this series in which population and family differences according to observed characteristics were statistically analyzed. Twenty trees were sampled from each populations, i.e., 60 trees in total. During the autumn of 1974, matured cones were collected from each tree and open-pollinated seeds were extracted in laboratory. Immediately after cone collection, in closed condition, the morphological characteristics were measured. Seed and seed-wing dimensions were also studied. In the spring of 1975, the seeds were sown in the experimental tree nursery located in Suweon. And in the April of 1976, the 1-0 seedlings were transplanted according to the predetermined experimental design, randomized block design with three replications. Because of cone setting condition. the number of family from which progenies were raised by populations were not equal. The numbers of family were 20 in population 1. 18 in population 2 and 15 in population 3. Then, each randomized block contained seedlings of 53 families from 3 populations. The present paper is mainly concerned with the variation of some characteristics of cone, seed, needle, growth performance of seedlings, and chlorophyll and monoterpene compositions of needles. The results obtained are summerized as follows. 1. The meteorological data obtained by averaging the records of 30 year period, observed from the nearest station to each location of populations, are shown in Fig. 3, 4, and 5. The distributional pattern of monthly precipitation are quite similar among locations. However, the precipitation density on population 2, Seosan area, during growing season is lower as compared to the other two populations. Population 1. Cheong-song area, and population 3, Pyong-chang area, are located in inland, but population 2 in the western seacoast. The differences on the average monthly air temperatures and the average monthly lowest temperatures among populations can hardly be found. 2. Available information on the each mother trees (families) studied, such as age, stem height, diameter at breast height, clear-bole-length, crown conditions and others are shown in table 6,7, and 8. 3. The measurements of fresh cone weight, length and the widest diameter of cone are given in Tab]e 9. All these traits arc concerned with the highly significant population differences and family differences within population. And the population difference was also found in the cone-index, that is, length-diameter ratio. 4. Seed-wing length and seed-wing width showed the population differences, and the family differences were also found in both characteristics. Not discussed in this paper, however, seed-wing colours and their shapes indicate the specificity which is inherent to individual trees as shown in photo 3 on page 50. The colour and shape are fully the expression of genetic make up of mother tree. The little variations on these traits are resulted from this reason. The significant differences among populations and among families were found in those characteristics, such as 1000-seed weight, seed length, seed width, and seed thickness as shown in table 11. As to all these dimensions, the values arc always larger in population 1 which is younger in age than that of the other two. The population differences evaluated by cone, seed and seed-wing sizes could partly be attributed to the growth vigorousity. 5. The values of correlation between the characteristics of cone and seed are presented in table 12. As shown, the positive correlations between cone diameter and seed-wing width were ca

大岩山 高層濕原 周邊의 森林群集 分析

宋鎬京(Ho Kyung Song),權琦遠(Ki Won Kwon),任慶彬(Kyong Bin Yim),鄭鎭澈(Jin Cheol Cheong),張圭寬(Kyu Gwan Jang) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1993 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.20 No.2

大岩山 高層濕原 周邊의 森林群集 分析

宋鎬京,權琦遠,任慶彬,鄭鎭澈,張圭寬 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1993 농업과학연구 Vol.20 No.2

Vegetational data obtained from 15 quadrats of Mt. Daeam area were analysed by applying two multivariate methods: two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN) for classification and detrended canonical correspondence analysis(DCCA) for ordination. The dominant tree species were Quercus mongolica, Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, Betula costata, and Acer mono in descending order. The pH ranges were 5.0 to 5.5 in the 15 sites near bog and 5.3 to 5.4 in the 3 sites within bog. The forest communities in Mt. Daeam were classified into Quercus mongolica-Acer mono, Quercus mongolica-Prunus sargentii, Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis-Acer tschonoskii var, rubripes, and Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis-Betula costata according to the TWINSPAN. The relationships between the distribution of dominant species of forest vegetation and soil in the forest of Mt. Daeam were investigated by analyzing soil nutrition gradient. Quercus mongolica-Prunus sargentii forests were distributed in the good sites in nutrition levels of total nitrogen. cation exchange capacity. Mg^++ and Ca^++ but Quercus mongolica-Abies nephrolepis-Betula costata forests in the poor sites in the nutrition levels.