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304L stainless Steel의 인장성질에 대한 변형온도 , 변형속도 및 결정입도의 영향
강창룡,성장현 ( C . Y . Kang,J . H . Sung ) 한국열처리공학회 1990 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.3 No.2
This investigation has been carried out to make clear the effect of deformation temperature, strain rate and grain size on the tensile properties of 304L stainless steel. Tensile properties of the metastable austenitic 304L steel remarkably influenced by deformation temperature. Tensile strength increased with decreasing deformation temperature and the elongation showed maximum value near 40℃. In order to obtain the high elongation, a large amount of deformation is available in austenite before martensitic transformation and the martensite has to be induced gradually. Tensile strength and elongation increased with decreasing grain size. The temperature representing the maximum elongation shifted to low temperature and the peak width of elongation became broaden with decreasing austenite grain size. The volume fraction of strain induced martensite decreased with decreasing austenite grain size. As the strain rate increase, the temperature representing the maximum elongation value shifted to high temperature and volume fraction of strain induced martensite decreased.
오스템퍼드 구상흑연 주철의 기계적 성질 및 파괴특성에 미치는 오스템퍼링 온도의 영향
강창룡,김창규 ( C . Y . Kang,C . G .Kim ) 한국열처리공학회 1994 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.7 No.4
This study was performed to investigation the effect of austempering temperature on the mecanical properties and fracture Characteristic of the ductile cast iron with contains Cu and Mo. The obtained results of this study were as follows; Microstructure of austemped ductile cast iron obtained by sustempering were low bainite with some martensite at 250℃, mixture of low and upper bainite at 300℃ and upper bainite at 350℃. With increasing austempering temperature, yield strength, tensile strength and hardness decreased, while the elongation and impact absorption energy increased. With increasing austempering temperature, fracture toughness value increased and mainly controlled by bolume fraction of retained austenite. The volume fraction of retained austenite increased and the fracture surface obtained fibrous and dimple with increasing austempering temperature.
25Cr - 7Ni - 3Mo 2 상 스테인리스강의 미세조직과 기계적성질
강창룡,김효정,김창규,김익수,주동원,성장현 ( C . Y . Kang,H . J . Kim,C . G . Kim,I . S . Kim,D . W . Joo,J . H . Seong ) 한국열처리공학회 1998 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.11 No.3
N/A This study was carried out to investigate the influence of variations in the temperature and time of isothermal heat treatment, applied stresses and prestrain on the isothermal transformation behavior of γ and σ phases and mechanical properties of 25Cr-7Ni-3Mo duplex stainless steel. The precipitation of γ and σ phases through isothermal heat treatment showed the type curves with a certain incubation period, the curve migrated to in a short period of time and the amount of precipitation increased with decreasing isothermal heat treatment temperature. Under the state of isothermal transformation, the precipitation of γ and σ phases was stimulated by applied stress, with increasing applied stress, the curves migrated to in a short period of time and also observed that the application of stress has a greater influence on the amount of σ precipitation than that of γ precipitation. The precipitation of γ and σ phases was stimulated by cold and warm rolling before isothermal heat treatment and precipitation of γ and σ phases has a greater influence on the warm rolling than cold rolling. The tensile strength and hardness increased with increasing cold and warm rooling reduction ratio.
Fe-Cr-Ni-Mn 2상 스테인레스강의 인장성질에 미치는 변형온도 및 Mn 함량변화의 영향
강창룡,성장현 ( C . Y . Kang,J . H . Sung ) 한국열처리공학회 1991 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.4 No.4
The effect of deformation temperature and manganes contents on the tensile properties of duplex stainless steels with the structure of both ferrite and austenite were investigate. Far this investigation, Fe-19% Cr-5% Ni-4∼8% Mn alloys were prepared. The result obtained from this experiment are summerized as follows. With decreasing deformation temperature, tensile strengths of duplex stainless steel increased. Elongation showd to be increased and then decreased after representing the highest value at specific temperature. Tensile properties of duplex stainless steel were controlled by TRIP behavior in this experimental range of austenite contents. Tensile strengths decreased with increasing Mn contents. With increasing Mn contents, elongation decreased in the high temperature region, but increased in the low temperature region. The peak temperature representing the maximum elongation were changed to low temperature and the width of peak appeared to be broaden with increasing Mn contents.
13%Cr-0.17%C 스테인리스강의 고온 가스질화에 미치는 Al 함량 변화의 영향
박범태 ( B. T. Park ),김정민 ( J. M. Kim ),강희재 ( H. J. Kang ),공정현 ( J. H. Kong ),강창룡 ( C. Y. Kang ),성장현 ( J. H. Sung ) 한국열처리공학회 2011 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.24 No.6
This study has been performed to investigate the effect of Al addition on High Temperature Gas Nitriding (HTGN) in 13%Cr-0.16%C stainless steel with different Al contents of 0.54%, 1.76% and 2.36%, respectively. HTGN treatment was carried out at 1100°C for 1 hr, 5 hrs and 10 hrs. Nitrogen-permeated surface layers showed round type carbides of Cr23C6 and needle type nitrides of AIN in the matrix of martensite, representing 600-700 Hv. And the thickness of the surface layer increased with increasing Al content and HTGN treatment time. The inner region that was not permeated nitrogen showed chromium carbides in the mixed phase of martensite and ferrite for the 0.53% Al alloyed steel, however chromium carbides in the matrix of ferrite single phase were shown for the steels with the addition of 1 .76%Al and 2.36%Al, representing the hardness of ~200 Hv. During nitrogen permeation from surface to the interior, substitutional elements of Cr, Al and Si moved toward the surface and interstitial element of carbon also moved from interior to the surface. This movement of alloying elements leads high concentration of these elements at the outmost surface, subsequently the lowest peak of substitutional elements were shown in the vicinity of near surface. After showing the lowest peak, the high concentration region of Al and C were formed due to the continuous movement of Al toward the surface. The long discontinuous precipitates of Cr23C6 and AIN were formed along the outmost surface owing to the high concentration of these alloying elements. (Received August 30, 2011; Revised September 15, 2011; Accepted October 4, 2011)
Cu를 갖는 오스템퍼드 구상흑연주철의 기계적 성질에 미치는 마르텐사이트의 영향
강창룡 ( C. Y. Kang ),이종문 ( J. M. Lee ),손동욱 ( D. W. Soon ),권성겸 ( S. K. Kwoon ),김익수 ( I. S. Kim ),성장현 ( J. H. Sung ) 한국열처리공학회 2002 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.15 No.6
N/A Effect of martensite on the mechanical properties of austempered ductile cast iron was investigated after obtained the martensite by subzero treatment. Retained austenite was transformed to martensite by subzero treatment, and with decreasing subzero treatment temperature, volume fraction of martensite was increased. With increasing of the volume fraction of martensite, tensile strength was increased and elongation was decreased, ratio of increasing of strength and decreasing of elongation was higher in case of specimens with lot`s of Cu contents. With increasing of the volume fraction of martensite, hardness slowly increased until only about 5% and it rapidly increased in a straight proportion when it is above 5%, while impact value was rapidly decreased until about 7% but it had a little change when it is above 7%.
고 Mn 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 기계적 성질에 미치는 역변태의 영향
강창룡 ( C. Y. Kang ),허태영 ( T. Y. Hur ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2012 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.50 No.6
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of reverse transformation on the mechanical properties in high manganese austenitic stainless steel. Over 95% of the austenite was transformed to deformation-induced martensite by 70% cold rolling. Reverse transformation became rapid above an annealing temperature of 550℃, but there was no significant transformation above 700℃. In addition, with an increasing annealing time at 700℃, reverse transformation was induced rapidly, but the transformation was almost completed at 10 min. There was a rapid decrese in strength and hardness with annealing at temperature above 550℃, while elongation increased rapidly above 600℃. At 700℃, hardness and strength decreased rapidly, and elongation increased steeply with an increasing reverse treatment time up to 10 min, whereas there were no significant change with a treatment time after 10 min. The reverse-transformed austenite showed an ultra-fine grain size less than 0.2 ㎛, which made it possible to strengthen the high manganese austenitic stainless steel.
페라이트 상을 갖는 12Cr 내열강의 기계적성질 및 감쇠능에 미치는 시효처리의 영향
강창룡 ( C. Y. Kang ),최한글 ( H. G. Choi ),박형균 ( H. K. Park ),성장현 ( J. H. Sung ),이도훈 ( D. H. Lee ) 한국열처리공학회 2011 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.24 No.1
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of aging treatment on the mechanical properties and damping capacity of 12Cr heat resistant steel with ferrite phase. While hardness values in ferrite phase was not changed, that in martensite phase was dramatically dropped in early stage of aging treatment and then gradually decreased with increase of aging time. As aging treatment was carried out, the precipitation was not detected in ferrite phase, while carbides were precipitated in martensite phase. With increasing the aging time, tensile strength eventually decreased while impact toughness increased rapidly in the early stage of aging and then gradually increased. Besides, it was confirmed that damping capacity was not changed in the early stage of aging and then gradually increased with increase of aging time. (Received October 20, 2010; Revised November 9, 2010; Accepted December 7, 2010)