감의 이용(利用)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -(제5보(第五報)) 삽시의 Polyethylene Film 저장(貯藏)에 따른 최적(最適) Film 두께의 조사(調査)-

손태화,최종욱,조래광,석호문,성종환,서온수,하영선,강주회,Sohn, T.H.,Choi, C.J.,Cho, R.K.,Seog, H.M.,Seong, C.H.,Seo, O.S.,Ha, Y.S.,Kang, J.H. Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 1978 한국식품과학회지 Vol.10 No.1

청도반시와 사곡시 두 품종(品種)을 polyethylene film의 두께와 포장(包裝) bag내(內)의 과실개체수(果實個體數)에 따라 구분저장(區分貯藏)하였을 저장시일(貯藏時日)의 경과(經過)에 따른 성분변화(成分變化)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 중량감소(重量減少)에 있어서, 청도반시는 50개(個) 포장(包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가, 사곡시는 10개포장(個包裝)의 0.08mm구(區)와 50개포장(個包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가 가장 감소(減少)가 적었다. 2. 경도(硬度)의 변화(變化)에 있어서 청도반시, 사곡시 모두 50개포장(個包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가 가장 감소(減少)가 적었다. 3. 유리산(遊離酸)의 감소(減少)에서 청도반시는 50개포장(個包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가, 사곡시는 10개포장(個包裝)의 0.06mm구(區) 및 50개포장(個包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가 감소율(減少率)이 낮았다. 4. 당도(糖度)의 변화(變化)에서, 10개포장(個包裝)의 0.06mm구(區) 및 0.08mm구(區)와 50개포장(個包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가 감소(減少)가 적었다. 사곡시는 10개포장(個包裝) 및 50개포장(個包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가 가장 감소(減少)가 적었다. 5. 가용성(可溶性) tannin의 함량변화(含量變化)에 있어서 청도반시와 사곡시 두 품종(品種) 모두 3개(個) 포장(包裝)과 10개포장(個包裝)의 0.04mm구(區)가 타구(他區)에 비(比)해 잔존량(殘存量)이 많았다. 한편 두 품종(品種) 공(共)히 50개포장(個包裝)의 전구(全區)가 저장말기(貯藏末期)에 tannin함량(含量)이 적어서 삽미(澁味)가 거의 느껴지지 않았다. 이상의 결과(結果)를 종합(綜合) 할 때 청도반시와 사곡시의 P.E film저장(貯藏)의 최적조건(最適條件)은 두 품종(品種) 모두 0.04mm film bag에 50개(個) 포장(包裝)하는 것임을 알수 있었다. This experiment was made to select the optimum thickness of the polyethylene (P.E) film for Cheongdo Bansi and Sagoksi in the P.E film storage kept at $0^{\circ}C$. The experimental plots were divided into 4 plots by film thickness (0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10mm) and those were subdivided into 3 plots by fruits number (3, 10 and 50 persimmons) in each film bags. We investigated five experimental items; the change of loss of weight, firmness, titratable acidity, sugar contents and soluble tannin contents. 1. In the changes of loss of weight, the plot of packing in 0.04mm P.E. film bag with 50 persimmons were more retarded than other plots in Cheongdo Bansi, and packing in 0.08mm with 10 persimmons, 0.04 mm with 50 persimmons were more retarded than other plots in Sagoksi. 2. In the change of softening, the plot of packing in 0.04 mm with 50 persimmons were more retarded than other plots in Cheongdo Bansi and Sagkai. 3. In the changes of titratable acidity, the plot of packing in 0.04 mm with 50 persimmons were more slightly decreased than other plots in Cheongdo Bansu also in Sagoksi, packing in 0.06 mm with 10 persimmons were the same results. 4. In the changes of soluble tannin contents, the plots of packing in 0.06 mm with 10 persimmons, 0.04 mm with 50 perimmons were more ratarded in Chenongdo Bansi, also in Sagoksi, packing in 0.04 mm with 10 persimmons 50 persimmons were the same results. 5. In the changes of soluble tannin contents, the plots of packing in 0.04mm with 3 and 10 persimmons were more slowly decreased than other plots in Cheongdo Bansi and Sagoksi, on. the other hand, pcaking in 0.04mm with 50 persimmins in Cheongdo Bansi and Sagoksi, had not astringent taste at 120 days in storage. Judging through the upper results, the most desirable storage conditions for Cheongdo Bansi and Sagoksi were to pack in P.E film bag of 0.04mm with 50 persimmons.

감의 利用에 關한 硏究

孫泰華(T. H. Sohn),崔種旭(C. J. Choi),趙來光(R. K. Cho),石好紋(H. M. Seog),成宗煥(C. H. Seong),徐溫洙(O. S. Seo),河永鮮(Y. S. Ha),姜注會(J. H. Kang) 한국식품과학회 1978 한국식품과학회지 Vol.10 No.1

감의 利用에 關한 硏究

孫泰華(T. H. Sohn),崔種旭(J. U. Choi),石好紋(H. M. Seog),趙來光(R. K. Cho),徐溫洙(O. S. Seo),金聲遠(S. T. Kim),河永鮮(Y. S. Ha),姜注會(J. H. Kang) 한국식품과학회 1978 한국식품과학회지 Vol.10 No.1

사과의 감압저장법의 개발

손태화,윤형식,홍순영,서정훈,김광수,박용태,이갑랑,권태종 慶北大學校 生産技術硏究所 1970 生産技術 Vol.4 No.-

Rolls, Janathan, and American Summer Pearmain were used in this experiment. This experiment was conducted under 0˚ and 20℃ at subatmospheric pressure, respectively. we found to examine physiological changes of apple under storage and the rate of respiration of apple in order to decide the time of harvesting. The summary results were as follows. A. Physiological Changes of Apples Stored Under Reduced Atmospheric Pressure. 1. Rate of Respiration (1) Lower rates of respiration were observed under reduced atmospheric pressure than under normal atmospheric pressure other storage conditions being equal. (2) American Summer Pearmain apples showed the biggest rate of respiration, followed by Jonathan apples. Rolls apples showed the smallest rate of respiration among three varieties. (3) The rate of respiration of apples stored under reduced atmospheric pressure changed less remarkably than that of apples stored under normal atmospheric pressure when these apples were taken out of the storage rooms, and their surrounding temperature and atmospheric pressure were changed. (4) change of the rate of respiration was more marked in an O^2-chamber than in an air-chamber. A serious physiological breakdown was observed in a N_2-chamber and in a CO_2-chamber. 2. Production of Ethylene (1) The action of ethylene as a ripening hormone for apples was supressed by reducing the atmospheric pressure of the storage chamber. (2) The order of amount of ethylene production was American summer Pearmain, Jonathan, and Rolls. The ethylene production was larger under reduced atmospheric pressure than under normal atmospheric pressure without respect to the variety of apples. (3) Ethylene production of apples was reduced by lowering the temperature of the storage chamber (4) The rate of ethylene formation increased markedly when apples were stored in a cold chamber and than the temperature and atmospheric pressure were changed. This phenomenon, however, was less marked for the apples stored in the reduced atmospheric pressure chamber than for those in the normal atmospheric pressure chamber. (5) The ethylene production in the O_2-storage chamber was about 80 times as large as that in air-storage chamber at 20℃. The rate of ethylene production reached a maximum in 12 days in the O_2-chamber, but the ethylene production increased continuously in the air-chamber. In the N_2-chamber and the CO_2-chamber ethylene production was small. Generally the ethylene concentration in the atmosphere of the storage chamber was smaller under reduced atmospheric pressure than under normal atmospheric pressure. 3. Acidity Acidity was lowered from 0.68% to 0.36%, 0.50%, or 0.56% when Jonathans were stored in an uncontrolled atmospheric chamber, a cold and uncontrolled atmospheric pressure chamber, and a cold and reduced atmospheric pressure chamber respectively. 4. Change of Weight Decrease in weight under the same conditions as the above 3, was 6.2%, 3.6% and 2.8% when stored in an uncontrolled chamber, in a cold and uncontrolled atmospheric pressure, chamber, and in a cold and reduced atmospheric pressure chamber respectively. 5. Decaying Decaying ratio showed also the same order as 4, and was 18.5%, 7.4%, and 3.6% in an uncontrolled chamber, in a cold and uncontrolled atmospheric pressure chamber, and in a cold and reduced atmospheric pressure chamber respectively. 6. Enzyme Activity (1) Catecholase activity of apples decreased with storage duration. (2) The order of catecholase activity was Rolls, American summer Pearmain and Jonathan. (3) Catecholase activity was higher in apples stored under reduced atmospheric pressure than in those stored under normal atmospheric pressure regardless of the variety. B. Preliminary Investigations for Practical Uses 1. It is possible to calculate the concentration of carbon dioxide in a storage chamber atmosphers since the rate of carbon dioxide production was almost constant according to the storage conditions. Therefore the storage chamber was successfully maintained at 5% carbon dioxide by controlling ventilation. 2. With a simple automatic controller, the storage chamber atmosphere was maintained at an appropriate reduced pressure. 3. Poly ethylene film, which is most permeable for gases among several common plastic films, was found to be adoptable as an apple wrapper for reduced atmospheric pressure storage. C. Investigation of the Time of Harvest Observations of the rate of respiration of apple during growing made in possible to predict the optimal time of harvest. The optimal times of harvest are around September 23 and October 26 for Jonathan and Rolls apples respectively.

과실의 감압저장법에 관한 연구(Ⅱ) : 감압도에 따른 저장성 비교(홍옥) Preservation of Jonathan under Various Pressures of Storage Chamber

김광수,홍순영,손태화,이갑랑 한국농화학회 1969 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.11 No.1

In order to determine an optimum pressure condition of the storage chamber of apples, several reduced pressure were examined for the Jonathan. The results obtained checking various storage conditions are as follows. 1. The optimum pressure of chamber atmosphere for apple storage was 10 ㎝Hg. 2. Under the pressure of 10 ㎝Hg, the normal (room) temperature storage was better than the cold storage. 3. Under reduced pressure. poly-ethylene film wrapping of apple showed a good result in a short-term (less than one and half month) experiment. 4. No noticeable effect was observed by O.E.D (Oxy-ethylene doxanole) or sodium dehydro acetate treatment. 5. Change of the components (total sugar, reduced sugar, acid and vitamin C) of apples according to the storage methods showed similar results to our previous report, Studies on The Reduced Pressure Storage of Fruits (I).