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Cooperating for a Security Regime in Northeast Asia
( Xiao Ren ) 연세대학교 통일연구소 2004 통일연구 Vol.8 No.1
Since October 2002, the Korean Peninsula has once again become one hot spot of international and regional security as the North Korea nuclear controversy reemerged and sometimes it is referred to as the second nuclear crisis. The first North Korea nuclear crisis of 1993-94ended up with an Agreed Framework between the United States and DPRK in October 1994. The solution proved to be tentative and fragile. Unfortunately, the Agreed Framework has essentially been destroyed and the delicate balance is over. In what way is the new nuclear crisis going to end? Is it possible for the concerned nations to transform the crisis into an opportunity, and further to invent a Northeast Asian security regime to prevent crisis and manage security affairs in the region? Wither the Six-Party Talks? Those questions have quickly come up and remain to be researched and answered.
Xiao Cui,Jing Guo,Qi‑dong Zhang,Xiao‑jun Meng,Bing‑chuan Bian,Ren‑gao Zhao,Yu‑bai Ma,Fang‑qiu Zu 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.10
The slow β relaxation which occurring at temperatures far below glass transition temperature, typically playing importantroles in the plastic deformation behavior of metallic glasses. Compared with polymer glasses, most of the metallic glasses donot exhibit obvious β relaxation based on dynamic mechanical analysis. In the current work, prominent β relaxation behaviorsof a series (LaxCe100−x) Al10Co25(x = 50, 60, 70, 80) bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) at low temperature are observed usingdynamic mechanical analysis. Compared with other BMGs, the LaCe based BMGs show a pronounced β relaxation peak andrelative low peak temperature, the activation energy of the β relaxation based on Arrhenius equation are calculated around79.3 kJ/mol to 86.4 kJ/mol, which obey an empirical rule that Eβ ≈ (26 ± 4) RTg, with the coefficient of 23. Experimentalresults from room temperature compression tests for the LaCe based BMGs indicate that low temperature activated β relaxationbehaviors facilitate the good plasticity of the LaCe based BMGs.
Ren, Xiao-Yan,Kim, Hyun-Jung,Yi, Seho,Jia, Yu,Cho, Jun-Hyung American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review B Vol.94 No.7
<P>Using first-principles density-functional theory (DFT) calculations with/without including the spin-orbit coupling (SOC), we systematically investigate the (4/3)-monolayer structure of Pb on the Si(111) or Ge(111) surface within the two competing structural models termed the H-3 and T-4 structures. We find that the SOC influences the relative stability of the two structures in both the Pb/Si(111) and the Pb/Ge(111) systems, i.e., our DFT calculation without including the SOC predicts that the T-4 structure is energetically favored over the H-3 structure by Delta E = 25 meV for Pb/Si(111) and 22 meV for Pb/Ge(111), but the inclusion of SOC reverses their relative stability as Delta E = -12 and -7 meV, respectively. Our analysis shows that the SOC-induced switching of the ground state is attributed to a more asymmetric surface charge distribution in the H-3 structure compared to the T-4 structure, which is associated with the hybridization of the Pb p(x), p(y), and p(z) orbitals. This asymmetry of surface charge distribution gives rise to a relatively larger Rashba spin splitting of surface states as well as a relatively larger pseudogap opening in the H-3 structure. By the nudged elastic-band calculation, we obtain a sizable energy barrier from the H-3 to the T-4 structure as similar to 0.59 and similar to 0.27 eV for Pb/Si(111) and Pb/Ge(111), respectively. Based on the predicted thermodynamics and kinetics of Pb/Si(111) and Pb/Ge(111), we suggest not only the coexistence of the two energetically competing structures at low temperatures, but also the order-disorder transition at high temperatures.</P>
Xiao, Jiang-Wei,Chen, Jia-Hui,Ren, Ming-Yang,Tian, Xiao-Bing,Wang, Chong-Shu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11
The aim of the study was to clarify the role of gastrokine 1 in the process of formation and development of gastric cancer. The expression of gastrokine 1 in gastric cancer and corresponding non-cancerous gastric tissues of 52 gastric cancer patients was assessed with the real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. We also analyzed the relationship between the expression level and clinicopathological characteristics. Gastrokine 1 gene and protein expression in gastric cancer tissues was in both cases significantly lower than in corresponding non-cancerous gastric tissues (both P<0.01), but no significant relationship was found with clinicopathological parameters including tumor location, depth of invasion, differentiation, lymph node metastasis, stage, gender, age and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) level in peripheral blood preoperation of patients (P>0.05, respectively). Furthermore, gastrokine 1 gene expression was markedly lower in gastric cancer tissues of Helicobacter pylori (HP)-positive patients than negative ones (P<0.05). The result of the study showed that gastrokine 1 might play a significant role in the process of formation and development of gastric cancer as an anti-oncogene. Its effect might be weakened by HP infection.
Idea Change Matters: China`s Practices and the East Asian Peace
( Ren Xiao ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2016 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.40 No.2
In this article I examine the changes in China’s foreign policy thinking and how they have influenced China’s international behavior. I reveal how the leadership’s beliefs guided and drove the Chinese state’s behavior. When leaders believed that the world was in a “war and revolution” age, China was inclined to overlook the actual international order and institutions and backed revolutionary movements or armed struggles in other countries. The cognitive shift to “peace and development” in the 1980s, which was consolidated in the 1990s through two major debates, was fundamental in terms of strategically reshaping China’s behavior, turning it from a revolutionary state into a quasi.status quo state. Besides embracing international institutions, China has also joined neighboring countries in creating new regional institutions and norms in East Asia. I argue that ideas, and not only perceptions, guide China’s policymaking and international behavior.